NBME 29 Exam Questions and Answers
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Terms in this set (483)
What metabolic process is Fatty acid oxidation, which generates acetyl CoA and
increased in both NADH.
starvation and untreated
type 1 diabetes mellitus?
What is the role of acetyl Acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle (CAC) for
CoA in metabolism? energy production.
Ketogenesis is the formation of ketone bodies from
What is ketogenesis and
two-carbon fragments during starvation or untreated
when does it occur?
type 1 diabetes.
Where does fatty acid In the mitochondria.
oxidation occur within the
cell?
What is the function of the It transports acetyl-CoA out of the mitochondria.
carnitine shuttle?
What happens to They are gradually depleted, leading the body to rely
glycogen stores during on fat breakdown for energy.
starvation?
What is the effect of It prevents glucose from entering cells, leading to a
insulin deficiency in state similar to starvation.
untreated type 1 diabetes?
, What are the Serum glucose concentrations remain high due to
consequences of ongoing gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
untreated type 1 diabetes
on serum glucose levels?
What is the pentose It produces NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate and is
phosphate pathway and active in the liver, adrenal cortex, and erythrocytes.
where is it active?
It includes somatic afferent fibers for palate sensation,
What are the components
special sensory fibers for taste from the posterior
of the glossopharyngeal
tongue, and parasympathetic fibers for the parotid
nerve (CN IX)?
gland.
What are the effects of Impaired sensation and taste in the posterior tongue,
lesions on the palate, pharynx, parotid gland dysfunction, difficulty
glossopharyngeal nerve? swallowing, and absent gag reflex.
What is the primary It provides somatic sensory innervation to the face
function of the trigeminal and scalp.
nerve?
What additional function It controls the muscles of mastication and mediates
does the mandibular pain and temperature sensation in the anterior two-
nerve (V3) of the thirds of the tongue.
trigeminal nerve have?
It contains motor axons for facial expression and
What is the role of the
sensory axons for taste from the anterior two-thirds of
facial nerve?
the tongue.
What is the primary It is a somatic efferent nerve that controls tongue
function of the movements.
hypoglossal nerve?
What areas does the right It supplies the right ventricle, right atrium, SA node,
coronary artery supply? and AV node.
What is the significance of It provides the majority of blood supply to the inferior
the right coronary artery heart through the PDA.
in right-dominant
circulation?
Save
Terms in this set (483)
What metabolic process is Fatty acid oxidation, which generates acetyl CoA and
increased in both NADH.
starvation and untreated
type 1 diabetes mellitus?
What is the role of acetyl Acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle (CAC) for
CoA in metabolism? energy production.
Ketogenesis is the formation of ketone bodies from
What is ketogenesis and
two-carbon fragments during starvation or untreated
when does it occur?
type 1 diabetes.
Where does fatty acid In the mitochondria.
oxidation occur within the
cell?
What is the function of the It transports acetyl-CoA out of the mitochondria.
carnitine shuttle?
What happens to They are gradually depleted, leading the body to rely
glycogen stores during on fat breakdown for energy.
starvation?
What is the effect of It prevents glucose from entering cells, leading to a
insulin deficiency in state similar to starvation.
untreated type 1 diabetes?
, What are the Serum glucose concentrations remain high due to
consequences of ongoing gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
untreated type 1 diabetes
on serum glucose levels?
What is the pentose It produces NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate and is
phosphate pathway and active in the liver, adrenal cortex, and erythrocytes.
where is it active?
It includes somatic afferent fibers for palate sensation,
What are the components
special sensory fibers for taste from the posterior
of the glossopharyngeal
tongue, and parasympathetic fibers for the parotid
nerve (CN IX)?
gland.
What are the effects of Impaired sensation and taste in the posterior tongue,
lesions on the palate, pharynx, parotid gland dysfunction, difficulty
glossopharyngeal nerve? swallowing, and absent gag reflex.
What is the primary It provides somatic sensory innervation to the face
function of the trigeminal and scalp.
nerve?
What additional function It controls the muscles of mastication and mediates
does the mandibular pain and temperature sensation in the anterior two-
nerve (V3) of the thirds of the tongue.
trigeminal nerve have?
It contains motor axons for facial expression and
What is the role of the
sensory axons for taste from the anterior two-thirds of
facial nerve?
the tongue.
What is the primary It is a somatic efferent nerve that controls tongue
function of the movements.
hypoglossal nerve?
What areas does the right It supplies the right ventricle, right atrium, SA node,
coronary artery supply? and AV node.
What is the significance of It provides the majority of blood supply to the inferior
the right coronary artery heart through the PDA.
in right-dominant
circulation?
