USMLE STEP 1, NBME31- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. matrix A family of zinc-containing enzymes that act in the extracellular space that lyse
metalloproteinas- proteins and proteoglycans. It plays an essential role in remodeling collagen
es (MMPs) during wound healing
They also implicated in the breakdown of bone and cartilage
Degradation of type II collagen by matrix metalloproteinases is the key step in the
pathophysiology of osteoarthritis
2. Vit C ascorbic acid
antioxidant that synthetize
collagen via prolyl Hydroxylase (hydroxylation of proline, lysine)
3. lung abscess a pus-containing lesion of the lung parenchyma that results in a cavity formed by
necrosis lysozymes an hydrolytic enzymes found in neutrophils.
4. Infection by pyo- are characterized predominantly by neutrophils activities
genic bacteria
5. Increase temper- Varicocele, cause infertility
ature in the scro-
tums
6. acute graft vs Graft-vs-host disease that occurs within the first few weeks after bone marrow
host disease transplant. Symptoms include diarrhea, fever, rash, transaminitis.
7. Endosomes are cytoplasmic organelles compose of microtubules and vesicles served to traflc
endocytosed material
8. The fungal wall Glucans, chitins, and glycoproteins
cell is composed
of
9. N-acetylmuramic Name the two sugars found in peptidoglycan, bacterial cell wall
acid and
1/6
, USMLE STEP 1, NBME31- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
N-acetylglu-
cosamine
10. polyglutamic Bacillus anthracis
polypeptide
capsule
11. teichoic acid and cell wall-associated structures found only in gram positive organisms
lipoteichoic acid
12. Paclitaxel MOA microtubule stabilizing agent
prevents mitotic spindle breakdown
interferes with anaphase (prevent DNA from been separated to daughter cell)
13. Long-chain acyl is an autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid metabolism.
CoA dehydroge-
nase deficiency signs and symptoms include irritability, lethargy, hepatomeagly (due to excess fat
accumulation), and hypoglycemia.
episodes can be triggered by illness, fasting, stress, or exercise.
immediate treatment involves correction of hypoglycemia and long-term manage-
ment involves preventing acute episodes of hypoglycemia and dietary supplemen-
tation w medium-chain fatty acids
14. The metabolism produces an increase concentration of NADH within hepatocytes leading to pro-
of ethanol by al- found hypoglycemia in the state of fasting.
cohol dehydroge-
nase and alde-
hyde dehydroge-
nase
15. Carcinoid syn- - Serotonin overproduction
drome - Slow-growing but often malignant type of neuroendocrine tumor
2/6
1. matrix A family of zinc-containing enzymes that act in the extracellular space that lyse
metalloproteinas- proteins and proteoglycans. It plays an essential role in remodeling collagen
es (MMPs) during wound healing
They also implicated in the breakdown of bone and cartilage
Degradation of type II collagen by matrix metalloproteinases is the key step in the
pathophysiology of osteoarthritis
2. Vit C ascorbic acid
antioxidant that synthetize
collagen via prolyl Hydroxylase (hydroxylation of proline, lysine)
3. lung abscess a pus-containing lesion of the lung parenchyma that results in a cavity formed by
necrosis lysozymes an hydrolytic enzymes found in neutrophils.
4. Infection by pyo- are characterized predominantly by neutrophils activities
genic bacteria
5. Increase temper- Varicocele, cause infertility
ature in the scro-
tums
6. acute graft vs Graft-vs-host disease that occurs within the first few weeks after bone marrow
host disease transplant. Symptoms include diarrhea, fever, rash, transaminitis.
7. Endosomes are cytoplasmic organelles compose of microtubules and vesicles served to traflc
endocytosed material
8. The fungal wall Glucans, chitins, and glycoproteins
cell is composed
of
9. N-acetylmuramic Name the two sugars found in peptidoglycan, bacterial cell wall
acid and
1/6
, USMLE STEP 1, NBME31- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
N-acetylglu-
cosamine
10. polyglutamic Bacillus anthracis
polypeptide
capsule
11. teichoic acid and cell wall-associated structures found only in gram positive organisms
lipoteichoic acid
12. Paclitaxel MOA microtubule stabilizing agent
prevents mitotic spindle breakdown
interferes with anaphase (prevent DNA from been separated to daughter cell)
13. Long-chain acyl is an autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid metabolism.
CoA dehydroge-
nase deficiency signs and symptoms include irritability, lethargy, hepatomeagly (due to excess fat
accumulation), and hypoglycemia.
episodes can be triggered by illness, fasting, stress, or exercise.
immediate treatment involves correction of hypoglycemia and long-term manage-
ment involves preventing acute episodes of hypoglycemia and dietary supplemen-
tation w medium-chain fatty acids
14. The metabolism produces an increase concentration of NADH within hepatocytes leading to pro-
of ethanol by al- found hypoglycemia in the state of fasting.
cohol dehydroge-
nase and alde-
hyde dehydroge-
nase
15. Carcinoid syn- - Serotonin overproduction
drome - Slow-growing but often malignant type of neuroendocrine tumor
2/6
