FINAL EXAM NUR 101 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ACCURATE SOLUTION (DETAILED & ELABORATED) |GET IT 100% ACCURATE!! 2025 / 2026 TEST!!

FINAL EXAM NUR 101 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ACCURATE SOLUTION (DETAILED & ELABORATED) |GET IT 100% ACCURATE!! 2025 / 2026 TEST!! Melatonin Agonist Answer Ramelteon (Rozerem) MOA of Ramelteon (Rozerem) Answer Agonist at melatonin receptors in CNS Ramelteon (Rozerem) nursing responsibilities Answer Sleep onset not maintenance Take within 30 minutes of sleep No fatty meals No alcohol No need to wean off. Cholinergic agonists Answer Pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine) Pilocarpine (Pilocar) MOA Answer Get rid of fluid Pupil restriction=vasodilation in vessels Pilocarpine (Pilocar) adverse effects Answer Blurred vision Vascular congestion(pressure around eye) Ocular inflammation Heparin sodium (heparin) Answer Antidote=Protamine sulfate pTT 30-60 seconds Watch for s/s of bleeding Short term use Works right away Warfarin (Coumadin) Answer Inhibits vitamin K Check herbal meds Fall precautions PTINR 2-3 Antidote= vitamin K Long term Takes time to kick in Promethazine (Phenergan) acts on what Answer Dopamine-signal can't go to vomit center Ondansetron (Zofran) acts on Answer 5HT serotonin-signal can't reach to chemoreceptor trigger zone oral antidiabetic meds Answer Used for type 2 diabetes Biguanides Answer Metformin (Glucophage) Metformin (Glucophage) Answer Lowers glucose by decreasing liver glucose release and decreasing cellular insulin resistance • Take with food • Risk for lactic acidosis • Contraindicated: renal disease, hold for 48 hrs if having X-ray with contrast dye Incretin Mimetics: DPP-IV INHIBITORS Answer Inhibit breakdown of natural hormones, decrease glucagon secretions, increases insulin release Slows gastric emptying *monitor kidneys *do not give to HF pts or to those who use insulin Sulfonylurea agents Answer glipizide(Glucotrol), glyburide(Diabeta) glimepiride (Amaryl) Sulfonylureas Answer -Stimulate release of insulin from pancreatic islet cells -Increase sensitivity of insulin receptors on target cells -Most common adverse effect is hypoglycemia --Usually caused by taking too much medication or not eating enough food Sulfa allergy Avoid alcohol SGLT2 inhibitors Answer Canagliflozin (Invokana) Canagliflozin (Invokana) Answer Prevent reabsorption of glucose in kidneys/ glucose secreted in urine Increased amputations Do not give to high K, edema, hypertension, or renal patients Beta blockers Answer -olol: slow HR Take BP and AP Don't stop abruptly Calcium channel blockers Answer end in -pine Can cause constipation No grapefruit juice BP=COxSVR Answer blood pressure=cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance CO= HR x SV Answer cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume Vasodilators: Hydralazine (Apresoline) Answer Work directly on smooth muscle causes relaxation=vasodilation Normally used in crisis via IV push