Terms in this set (112)
Hesi, HESI Biology
Bound: Attached to the ER
2 types of Ribosomes
Free: Found in the cytoplasm
transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell
active transport
membrane against the concentration gradient, requires energy
The ability of water to bond or to attract other molecules or
Adhesion
substances.
Alleles 2 alternative versions of a gene
The sister chromatids begin separating
Anaphase
Anti-codon located on a tRNA (Transfer RNA)
Asexual Reproduction (2 types ) 1. Binary Fission 2. Mitosis
An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free
ATP energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is
used to drive endergonic reactions in cells.
The chromosome binds to the plasma
membrane where it replicates. As the
Binary Fission
cell grows it pinches into 2 creating 2
identical cells
the chemical compounds that provide physical structure and that
biological molecules
bring about movement, energy, use, and other cellular functions
Calvin Cycle Uses ATP and NADPH to create sugar
Carbohydrates Polymers of sugars. Function: storage, structure and energy
carbohydrates main source of energy for the body
Cell Basic unit of life (Biology)
thin, flexible barrier around a cell, regulates what enters and
cell membrane
leaves the cell
Cell protection, communication and passage of substances in and
Cell Membrane(most important
out the cell. (Phospholipid bilayer makes it hydrophobic and
cell part)
selectively permeable)
Cellular Respiration ...
a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants
cell wall
and some other organisms
Page 1
, Hesi, HESI Biology
Chloroplast Found in plants and is the site for photosynthesis
organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it
chloroplasts
into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis
Chromosomes Contains the instructions for the cell regeneration and function
short structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of
cilia microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move
fluid over the cell's surface
Codon A group of 3 bases on RNA that codes for an amino acids
The ability of a molecule to stay bonded to another molecule of
Cohesion
the same substance.
The cell pinches into 2 identical
separate cells
Cytokinesis
a microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the
cytoskeleton cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and
coherence
A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to
dehydration synthesis
each other with the removal of a water molecule.
process by which molecules tend to move from an area where
diffusion they are more concentrated to an area where they are less
concentrated
is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the
development and functioning of all known living organisms with
DNA
the exception of some viruses. The main role of DNA molecules is
the long-term storage of information
DNA Genetic material of the cell, vehicle of inheritance
DNA Bases (A-T/C-G) Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
consists of two long polymers of simple units called nucleotides,
with backbones made of sugars and phosphate groups joined by
ester bonds. These two strands run in opposite directions to each
DNA structure
other and are therefore anti-parallel. Attached to each sugar is one
of four types of molecules called bases. It is the sequence of these
four bases along the backbone that encodes information.
Electron Transport Chain (3rd Produces the greatest amount of ATP (28-32)
step in cell respiration)
a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that
endoplasmic reticlum assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and
in the production of lipids
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Sooth and Rough ER
Page 2
Hesi, HESI Biology
Bound: Attached to the ER
2 types of Ribosomes
Free: Found in the cytoplasm
transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell
active transport
membrane against the concentration gradient, requires energy
The ability of water to bond or to attract other molecules or
Adhesion
substances.
Alleles 2 alternative versions of a gene
The sister chromatids begin separating
Anaphase
Anti-codon located on a tRNA (Transfer RNA)
Asexual Reproduction (2 types ) 1. Binary Fission 2. Mitosis
An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free
ATP energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is
used to drive endergonic reactions in cells.
The chromosome binds to the plasma
membrane where it replicates. As the
Binary Fission
cell grows it pinches into 2 creating 2
identical cells
the chemical compounds that provide physical structure and that
biological molecules
bring about movement, energy, use, and other cellular functions
Calvin Cycle Uses ATP and NADPH to create sugar
Carbohydrates Polymers of sugars. Function: storage, structure and energy
carbohydrates main source of energy for the body
Cell Basic unit of life (Biology)
thin, flexible barrier around a cell, regulates what enters and
cell membrane
leaves the cell
Cell protection, communication and passage of substances in and
Cell Membrane(most important
out the cell. (Phospholipid bilayer makes it hydrophobic and
cell part)
selectively permeable)
Cellular Respiration ...
a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants
cell wall
and some other organisms
Page 1
, Hesi, HESI Biology
Chloroplast Found in plants and is the site for photosynthesis
organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it
chloroplasts
into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis
Chromosomes Contains the instructions for the cell regeneration and function
short structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of
cilia microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move
fluid over the cell's surface
Codon A group of 3 bases on RNA that codes for an amino acids
The ability of a molecule to stay bonded to another molecule of
Cohesion
the same substance.
The cell pinches into 2 identical
separate cells
Cytokinesis
a microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the
cytoskeleton cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and
coherence
A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to
dehydration synthesis
each other with the removal of a water molecule.
process by which molecules tend to move from an area where
diffusion they are more concentrated to an area where they are less
concentrated
is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the
development and functioning of all known living organisms with
DNA
the exception of some viruses. The main role of DNA molecules is
the long-term storage of information
DNA Genetic material of the cell, vehicle of inheritance
DNA Bases (A-T/C-G) Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
consists of two long polymers of simple units called nucleotides,
with backbones made of sugars and phosphate groups joined by
ester bonds. These two strands run in opposite directions to each
DNA structure
other and are therefore anti-parallel. Attached to each sugar is one
of four types of molecules called bases. It is the sequence of these
four bases along the backbone that encodes information.
Electron Transport Chain (3rd Produces the greatest amount of ATP (28-32)
step in cell respiration)
a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that
endoplasmic reticlum assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and
in the production of lipids
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Sooth and Rough ER
Page 2
