NUR 209 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE OVERVIEW COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ACCURATE SOLUTION (DETAILED & ELABORATED) |100% ACCURATE!! TEST!!

NUR 209 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE OVERVIEW COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ACCURATE SOLUTION (DETAILED & ELABORATED) |100% ACCURATE!! TEST!! What is the diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism based on? Correct Answer Clinical manifestations associated with decreased serum calcium and increased serum phosphorus. What serum level change is seen in hyperparathyroidism? Correct Answer A decreased serum phosphorus level. What is a common serum level change in adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison disease)? Correct Answer A decreased serum cortisol level. What can rapid fluid infusions cause in older patients? Correct Answer Heart failure. What should a patient do if their blood glucose levels remain elevated? Correct Answer Test blood glucose frequently, treat elevations with rapid acting insulin, and call the health care provider. What are the normal values for pH, HCO3, and PaCO2? Correct Answer pH: 7.35-7.45, HCO3: 22-26 (book says 21-28), PaCO2: 35 45. What are the primary clinical manifestations of diabetes? Correct Answer Excessive urination (polyuria) and insatiable thirst (polydipsia). What are the three P's associated with diabetes? Correct Answer Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia. What can diarrhea lead to in terms of acid-base balance? Correct Answer Metabolic acidosis related to a loss of bicarbonate ions. When is mechanical ventilation used in relation to respiratory acidosis? Correct Answer For clients who cannot keep their oxygen saturation at 90% or who have respiratory muscle fatigue. What symptoms do clients with hypothyroidism typically experience? Correct Answer Tiredness or weakness despite getting many hours of sleep. What is indicative of hyperthyroidism? Correct Answer Heat intolerance. What should be done if swelling is observed at the IV site? Correct Answer Stop the IV immediately as it may indicate extravasation. What should patients with type 1 diabetes avoid when in ketosis? Correct Answer Exercise. What does the presence of a thrill and bruit indicate in relation to a fistula? Correct Answer Adequate blood flow through the fistula. Why should blood pressure not be obtained on the arm with a fistula? Correct Answer To avoid compromising the fistula's function. What is urosepsis? Correct Answer A severe condition where a urinary tract infection progresses to sepsis, causing systemic illness. What is septic shock? Correct Answer A life-threatening condition resulting from an infection that triggers a body-wide inflammatory response, leading to low blood pressure and organ damage. What is pyelonephritis? Correct Answer A bacterial infection of one or both kidneys, serious form of urinary tract infection. What is distal ischemia in relation to arteriovenous (AV) grafts? Correct Answer A complication where blood flow to the hand or fingers is reduced, leading to pain, numbness, and potential tissue damage. What is steal syndrome? Correct Answer A condition related to AV grafts where blood flow is significantly reduced to the hand or fingers. What should be avoided to maintain perfusion in a patient? Correct Answer Do not elevate the arm above the heart. What electrolyte disturbance is indicated by low magnesium levels and neuromuscular irritability? Correct Answer The patient may be at risk for seizures. What is the most common life-threatening threat to children regarding electrolyte balance? Correct Answer Hyperkalemia. What are signs of hyperkalemia? Correct Answer Electrocardiograph anomalies such as prolonged QRS complex, passed ST segments, peaked T waves, bradycardia, or heart block. What is the major cause of a peptic ulcer? Correct Answer Helicobacter pylori infection. What is breakthrough pain? Correct Answer Pain that occurs beyond the chronic pain already being treated by appropriate analgesics. What causes neuropathic pain? Correct Answer Damage to peripheral nerves or the central nervous system. What is somatic pain? Correct Answer Localized pain arising from bone, joint, muscle, skin, or connective tissue. What is referred pain? Correct Answer Pain that is localized in uninjured tissue. What should be the first action if a patient wearing a Fentanyl patch is suspected of an opioid overdose? Correct Answer Remove the patch. What is the antidote for opioid overdose? Correct Answer Naloxone.