Chapter 7 final exam endo questions
well answered graded A+ 2025/2026
name one way the body regulates plasma osmolality - correct answer ✔✔urine concentration is
used to regulate plasma osmolality
how is increased plasma osmolality detected and regulated by the hypothalamus - correct
answer ✔✔circumventricular organs have sensory functions and are able to detect changes in
osmolality. they then communicate with hypothalamus to release AVP which increases water
reabsorption and decreases osmolality
Vasopressin (AVP) regulates which two major physiological effects - correct answer ✔✔maintain
plasma osmolality/water concentration and blood pressure/volume
what are oxytocin's two major physiological effects - correct answer ✔✔regulation of milk
ejection and inducing uterine contractions
how do you determine during the course of electrophysiological recordings which neurons are
oxytocinergic and which are vasopressinergic - correct answer ✔✔by measuring the frequency
of neuronal firing based off which stimuli you apply. For example, sucking pups would elicit
higher frequency of APs in oxytocinergic neurons but not vasopressinergic neurons. Increased
salt plasma levels would cause the opposite
describe oxytocin’s mechanism of action in myometrium cells - correct answer ✔✔1. binds to
surface g protein coupled receptors 2. increases [Ca2+] 3. increases calmodulin 4. activation of
myosin light chain kinase 5. phosphorylates myosin to bind to actin 6. cell contraction 7.
phosphotase inactivates 8. dephosphorylates myosin which leads to relaxation
what is neurogenic diabetes - correct answer ✔✔plasma AVP very low, can be treated with AVP
well answered graded A+ 2025/2026
name one way the body regulates plasma osmolality - correct answer ✔✔urine concentration is
used to regulate plasma osmolality
how is increased plasma osmolality detected and regulated by the hypothalamus - correct
answer ✔✔circumventricular organs have sensory functions and are able to detect changes in
osmolality. they then communicate with hypothalamus to release AVP which increases water
reabsorption and decreases osmolality
Vasopressin (AVP) regulates which two major physiological effects - correct answer ✔✔maintain
plasma osmolality/water concentration and blood pressure/volume
what are oxytocin's two major physiological effects - correct answer ✔✔regulation of milk
ejection and inducing uterine contractions
how do you determine during the course of electrophysiological recordings which neurons are
oxytocinergic and which are vasopressinergic - correct answer ✔✔by measuring the frequency
of neuronal firing based off which stimuli you apply. For example, sucking pups would elicit
higher frequency of APs in oxytocinergic neurons but not vasopressinergic neurons. Increased
salt plasma levels would cause the opposite
describe oxytocin’s mechanism of action in myometrium cells - correct answer ✔✔1. binds to
surface g protein coupled receptors 2. increases [Ca2+] 3. increases calmodulin 4. activation of
myosin light chain kinase 5. phosphorylates myosin to bind to actin 6. cell contraction 7.
phosphotase inactivates 8. dephosphorylates myosin which leads to relaxation
what is neurogenic diabetes - correct answer ✔✔plasma AVP very low, can be treated with AVP
