1
BIOS 252
Exam 2: BIOS 252- Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab
(Latest Update ) Review Questions with
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. What does the spinal cord pass through?: Foramen magnum
2. Which is not considered a region of the spinal cord?: Pelvic
3. Concerning the spinal cord, where is the epidural space?: External to the dura mater
4. What are the key functions of the spinal cord?: Carrying signals from the brain
Carrying information to the brain
Processing reflex responses
5. Carrying signals from the brain: that control movement and autonomic functions
6. Carrying information to the brain: transmit messages to this part from the body, such
as sensations of touch, pressure, and pain.
7. Processing reflex responses: although the spinal cord cannot perform the higher
functions characteristics of the brain, it does do some integration and processing.
8. What are the 3 spinal meninges?: dura mater arachnoid mater pia mater
9. Dura mater: thick, outermost layer, inelastic
BIOS 252
, 2
BIOS 252
surrounds the spinal cord and is separated from vertebrae by epidural space
10. Arachnoid mater: a layer of connective tissue with delicate trabeculae that connect
to the underlying pia mater and form a meshwork through which cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF) recirculates
11. Pia mater: the innermost layer of the meninges and is directly adherent to the
surface of the spinal cord
12. Filum terminale: At the level of the L1/L2 vertebrae, the spinal pia gathers into a
very thin structure known as this which continues through the vertebral cavity and
anchors into the first coccygeal vertebra.
13. Epidural space: The dura matter does not anchor/attach to the bone.
This will cause this to exist between the meningeal dura and the walls of the vertebral
foramina.
This space is filled with veins and adipose tissue, which help to cushion and protect the
spinal cord.
14. Subdural space: potential space
normally, the dura and arachnoid are adherent to each other
15. Subarachnoid space: lies between the arachnoid and the pia and is a thin space
filled with CSF.
BIOS 252
, 3
BIOS 252
The area inferior to the base of the spinal cord contains a larger volume of CSF, making it
a useful place to sample CSF if needed. The arachnoid and pia mater attach to one another
via the denticulate ligaments
16. Which of the following is not considered a spinal meninge?: Vertebral mater
17 True or False: Concerning the spinal cord, the subdural space is a real space in which
the CSF circulates.: False
18. What part of the nervous system are the spinal nerves apart of?: Peripheral nervous
system
19. The spinal cord is a cylinder of nervous tissue that arises from the brainstem at the
what?: Foramen magnum of the skull
20. What are the distinct regions of the spinal cord?: Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
21. What level does the spinal cord terminate itself?: L1/L2 vertebrae 22. Conus
medullaris: The spinal cord reaches the L1 vertebra, it tapers to a tip.
23. What are the two "bulges" of the spinal cord?: cervical and lumbar enlargements
BIOS 252
, 4
BIOS 252
24. Cervical enlargement: caused by the entering/ exiting of the nerves going to/from
the upper extremities
25. Lumbar enlargement: caused by the entering/exiting of the nerves going to/from
the lower extremities 26. Nerve roots: these fuse to form the spinal nerves serving the
upper and lower limbs attached to these enlargements.
27. Cauda equina: roots of spinal nerves extend inferiorly from the conus medullaris
and fill the remainder of the vertebral cavity.
*think horse's tail*
28. The bundle of nerves inferior to the conus medullaris of the spinal cord is called
what?: Cauda equina
29. What is the filum terminale formed from?: Pia mater
30. Gray matter: centrally located in the spinal cord anterior and posterior horns has a
butterfly appearance internal
31. Central canal: cerebrospinal fluid is found within
32. Gray commissue: the two "butterfly wings" are connected by a thin strip of gray
matter, which surrounds the central canal and the spinal cord
33. Peripherally-located white matter is made up of: ascending and descending tracts
34 Gray matter is made up of: nerve cell bodies or nuclei
BIOS 252
BIOS 252
Exam 2: BIOS 252- Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab
(Latest Update ) Review Questions with
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. What does the spinal cord pass through?: Foramen magnum
2. Which is not considered a region of the spinal cord?: Pelvic
3. Concerning the spinal cord, where is the epidural space?: External to the dura mater
4. What are the key functions of the spinal cord?: Carrying signals from the brain
Carrying information to the brain
Processing reflex responses
5. Carrying signals from the brain: that control movement and autonomic functions
6. Carrying information to the brain: transmit messages to this part from the body, such
as sensations of touch, pressure, and pain.
7. Processing reflex responses: although the spinal cord cannot perform the higher
functions characteristics of the brain, it does do some integration and processing.
8. What are the 3 spinal meninges?: dura mater arachnoid mater pia mater
9. Dura mater: thick, outermost layer, inelastic
BIOS 252
, 2
BIOS 252
surrounds the spinal cord and is separated from vertebrae by epidural space
10. Arachnoid mater: a layer of connective tissue with delicate trabeculae that connect
to the underlying pia mater and form a meshwork through which cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF) recirculates
11. Pia mater: the innermost layer of the meninges and is directly adherent to the
surface of the spinal cord
12. Filum terminale: At the level of the L1/L2 vertebrae, the spinal pia gathers into a
very thin structure known as this which continues through the vertebral cavity and
anchors into the first coccygeal vertebra.
13. Epidural space: The dura matter does not anchor/attach to the bone.
This will cause this to exist between the meningeal dura and the walls of the vertebral
foramina.
This space is filled with veins and adipose tissue, which help to cushion and protect the
spinal cord.
14. Subdural space: potential space
normally, the dura and arachnoid are adherent to each other
15. Subarachnoid space: lies between the arachnoid and the pia and is a thin space
filled with CSF.
BIOS 252
, 3
BIOS 252
The area inferior to the base of the spinal cord contains a larger volume of CSF, making it
a useful place to sample CSF if needed. The arachnoid and pia mater attach to one another
via the denticulate ligaments
16. Which of the following is not considered a spinal meninge?: Vertebral mater
17 True or False: Concerning the spinal cord, the subdural space is a real space in which
the CSF circulates.: False
18. What part of the nervous system are the spinal nerves apart of?: Peripheral nervous
system
19. The spinal cord is a cylinder of nervous tissue that arises from the brainstem at the
what?: Foramen magnum of the skull
20. What are the distinct regions of the spinal cord?: Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
21. What level does the spinal cord terminate itself?: L1/L2 vertebrae 22. Conus
medullaris: The spinal cord reaches the L1 vertebra, it tapers to a tip.
23. What are the two "bulges" of the spinal cord?: cervical and lumbar enlargements
BIOS 252
, 4
BIOS 252
24. Cervical enlargement: caused by the entering/ exiting of the nerves going to/from
the upper extremities
25. Lumbar enlargement: caused by the entering/exiting of the nerves going to/from
the lower extremities 26. Nerve roots: these fuse to form the spinal nerves serving the
upper and lower limbs attached to these enlargements.
27. Cauda equina: roots of spinal nerves extend inferiorly from the conus medullaris
and fill the remainder of the vertebral cavity.
*think horse's tail*
28. The bundle of nerves inferior to the conus medullaris of the spinal cord is called
what?: Cauda equina
29. What is the filum terminale formed from?: Pia mater
30. Gray matter: centrally located in the spinal cord anterior and posterior horns has a
butterfly appearance internal
31. Central canal: cerebrospinal fluid is found within
32. Gray commissue: the two "butterfly wings" are connected by a thin strip of gray
matter, which surrounds the central canal and the spinal cord
33. Peripherally-located white matter is made up of: ascending and descending tracts
34 Gray matter is made up of: nerve cell bodies or nuclei
BIOS 252
