KUBY IMMUNOLOGY CHAPTER 16
TOLERANCE, AUTOIMMUNITY, AND
TRANSPLANTATION
1. Central tolerance:
A. is the first step of tolerance mechanisms.
B. affects both T cells and B cells.
C. deletes cells that are autoreactive.
D. occurs in the bone marrow and thymus.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -*All of the above*
2. Which of the following statements does NOT describe tolerogens accurately?
A. They can be the same molecules as immunogens.
B. They lead cells to become unresponsive.
C. They are part of peripheral tolerance.
D. They only affect B cells.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -*They only affect B cells*
3. The tolerogenic response:
A. is not antigen specific.
B. leads to apoptosis but not anergy.
C. results in cells becoming non-responsive.
D. depends of the presentation context.
E. affects T cells only. - Correct Answers -*results in cells becoming non-responsive*
4. Tolerance is promoted by all of the following circumstances EXCEPT:
A. high doses of antigen.
B. persistent antigen.
C. oral introduction of antigen.
D. presence of adjuvant.
E. low levels of costimulation. - Correct Answers -**presence of adjuvant**
5. Tolerance is promoted by:
A. induction of anergy.
B. induction of apoptosis.
, C. regulation of activity of cells.
D. Both A and B.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -**All of the above**
15. Multiple sclerosis:
A. does not seem to have an environmental component.
B. seems to have some genetic component.
C. is more common in Europe than North America.
D. seems to be primarily mediated by antibodies.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -**seems to have some genetic component.**
16. Rheumatoid arthritis:
A. seems to be T-cell mediated, with cytotoxic T cells being primarily responsible.
B. is more common in men than in women.
C. targets the joint capsules.
D. is characterized by juvenile onset.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -**targets the joint capsules**
6. Apoptosis is:
A. similar to necrosis.
B. important in peripheral tolerance, but not central tolerance.
C. important in central tolerance, but not peripheral tolerance.
D. impaired in Fas-deficient systems.
E. None of the above. - Correct Answers -**Impaired in Fas-deficient systems**
7. Maintaining immunologically protected sites, such as the eye:
A. allows sequestration of antigens.
B. reduces central tolerance.
C. can lead to autoreactivity secondary to injury.
D. can reduce background reactivity.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -**All of the above**
8. Central tolerance employs all but which of the following mechanisms?
A. Apoptosis
B. Receptor editing
C. Positive selection
D. Negative selection
E. Clonal deletion - Correct Answers -**Positive Selection**
9. Peripheral tolerance:
TOLERANCE, AUTOIMMUNITY, AND
TRANSPLANTATION
1. Central tolerance:
A. is the first step of tolerance mechanisms.
B. affects both T cells and B cells.
C. deletes cells that are autoreactive.
D. occurs in the bone marrow and thymus.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -*All of the above*
2. Which of the following statements does NOT describe tolerogens accurately?
A. They can be the same molecules as immunogens.
B. They lead cells to become unresponsive.
C. They are part of peripheral tolerance.
D. They only affect B cells.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -*They only affect B cells*
3. The tolerogenic response:
A. is not antigen specific.
B. leads to apoptosis but not anergy.
C. results in cells becoming non-responsive.
D. depends of the presentation context.
E. affects T cells only. - Correct Answers -*results in cells becoming non-responsive*
4. Tolerance is promoted by all of the following circumstances EXCEPT:
A. high doses of antigen.
B. persistent antigen.
C. oral introduction of antigen.
D. presence of adjuvant.
E. low levels of costimulation. - Correct Answers -**presence of adjuvant**
5. Tolerance is promoted by:
A. induction of anergy.
B. induction of apoptosis.
, C. regulation of activity of cells.
D. Both A and B.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -**All of the above**
15. Multiple sclerosis:
A. does not seem to have an environmental component.
B. seems to have some genetic component.
C. is more common in Europe than North America.
D. seems to be primarily mediated by antibodies.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -**seems to have some genetic component.**
16. Rheumatoid arthritis:
A. seems to be T-cell mediated, with cytotoxic T cells being primarily responsible.
B. is more common in men than in women.
C. targets the joint capsules.
D. is characterized by juvenile onset.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -**targets the joint capsules**
6. Apoptosis is:
A. similar to necrosis.
B. important in peripheral tolerance, but not central tolerance.
C. important in central tolerance, but not peripheral tolerance.
D. impaired in Fas-deficient systems.
E. None of the above. - Correct Answers -**Impaired in Fas-deficient systems**
7. Maintaining immunologically protected sites, such as the eye:
A. allows sequestration of antigens.
B. reduces central tolerance.
C. can lead to autoreactivity secondary to injury.
D. can reduce background reactivity.
E. All of the above. - Correct Answers -**All of the above**
8. Central tolerance employs all but which of the following mechanisms?
A. Apoptosis
B. Receptor editing
C. Positive selection
D. Negative selection
E. Clonal deletion - Correct Answers -**Positive Selection**
9. Peripheral tolerance:
