NUR 417 EXAM 2 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Risk factors for Type 1 Diabetes. Answer: Genetics, autoimmune,
toxins, infections.
◉ Acute findings of Type 1 Diabetes. Answer: Abrupt onset; common
in males; underweight.
◉ Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Answer: Arises when the body fails to
use insulin properly combined with insulin insufficiency; age of
onset - increasingly occurring in younger children.
◉ Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Genetics, obesity,
hypertension, physical inactivity, high triglycerides.
◉ Acute findings of Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Gradual onset; more in
females; overweight.
◉ Diagnosis criteria for Diabetes Mellitus. Answer: 8 hr FBG 126+;
random/casual BG 200+; HbA1C 6.5%+.
,◉ Signs and Symptoms of Hypoglycemia. Answer: BG < 60, tremors,
pallor, sweating, anxiety, chills, headache, confusion, labile, difficulty
focusing, hunger, dizziness, palpitations, seizure, shock, coma.
◉ Interventions for Hypoglycemia. Answer: 10-15 g simple carb; 1
tbsp sugar, 3-6 oz juice/soda, 8 oz milk; monitor BG frequently;
follow with complex carbohydrates; glucagon if unconscious or
unable to swallow.
◉ Signs and Symptoms of Hyperglycemia. Answer: BG > 250,
lethargy, confusion, polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, N/V, abdominal
pain, dehydration, Kussmaul respirations, fruity breath.
◉ Interventions for Hyperglycemia. Answer: Encourage oral fluid
intake; administer insulin as prescribed; test urine for ketones and
report; consult provider if manifestations persist or progress.
◉ Causes of Hyperglycemia. Answer: Intake, missed insulin,
stress/insulin, rebound, puberty.
◉ Plan of care for Diabetes Mellitus. Answer: Include evidence-
based nursing interventions and rationales.
◉ Assessment findings for Type 1 Diabetes. Answer: Characterized
by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
, ◉ Assessment findings for Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Arises when
the body fails to use insulin properly combined with insulin
insufficiency.
◉ Common age of onset for Type 1 Diabetes. Answer: Less than 20
years.
◉ Common age of onset for Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Increasingly
occurring in younger children.
◉ Mild reactions to hypoglycemia. Answer: Milk or fruit juice.
◉ Severe reactions to hypoglycemia. Answer: Seizure, shock, coma.
◉ Early indication of Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Recurrent vaginal
yeast infections.
◉ Kussmaul respirations. Answer: Deep, labored breathing
associated with severe metabolic acidosis, often seen in
hyperglycemia.
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Risk factors for Type 1 Diabetes. Answer: Genetics, autoimmune,
toxins, infections.
◉ Acute findings of Type 1 Diabetes. Answer: Abrupt onset; common
in males; underweight.
◉ Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Answer: Arises when the body fails to
use insulin properly combined with insulin insufficiency; age of
onset - increasingly occurring in younger children.
◉ Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Genetics, obesity,
hypertension, physical inactivity, high triglycerides.
◉ Acute findings of Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Gradual onset; more in
females; overweight.
◉ Diagnosis criteria for Diabetes Mellitus. Answer: 8 hr FBG 126+;
random/casual BG 200+; HbA1C 6.5%+.
,◉ Signs and Symptoms of Hypoglycemia. Answer: BG < 60, tremors,
pallor, sweating, anxiety, chills, headache, confusion, labile, difficulty
focusing, hunger, dizziness, palpitations, seizure, shock, coma.
◉ Interventions for Hypoglycemia. Answer: 10-15 g simple carb; 1
tbsp sugar, 3-6 oz juice/soda, 8 oz milk; monitor BG frequently;
follow with complex carbohydrates; glucagon if unconscious or
unable to swallow.
◉ Signs and Symptoms of Hyperglycemia. Answer: BG > 250,
lethargy, confusion, polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, N/V, abdominal
pain, dehydration, Kussmaul respirations, fruity breath.
◉ Interventions for Hyperglycemia. Answer: Encourage oral fluid
intake; administer insulin as prescribed; test urine for ketones and
report; consult provider if manifestations persist or progress.
◉ Causes of Hyperglycemia. Answer: Intake, missed insulin,
stress/insulin, rebound, puberty.
◉ Plan of care for Diabetes Mellitus. Answer: Include evidence-
based nursing interventions and rationales.
◉ Assessment findings for Type 1 Diabetes. Answer: Characterized
by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
, ◉ Assessment findings for Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Arises when
the body fails to use insulin properly combined with insulin
insufficiency.
◉ Common age of onset for Type 1 Diabetes. Answer: Less than 20
years.
◉ Common age of onset for Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Increasingly
occurring in younger children.
◉ Mild reactions to hypoglycemia. Answer: Milk or fruit juice.
◉ Severe reactions to hypoglycemia. Answer: Seizure, shock, coma.
◉ Early indication of Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Recurrent vaginal
yeast infections.
◉ Kussmaul respirations. Answer: Deep, labored breathing
associated with severe metabolic acidosis, often seen in
hyperglycemia.
