2OC3 - FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS | RATED A+
1. What are the types of glacial deposition landforms?-ANSWER- Eskers - winding ridges that
were
carved into tunnels that supposably moves meltwater through
Drumlins-ANSWER- elongated hill that is in the shape of a inverted spoon. The direction of the
glacier was moving in the direction
where the hill comes to the end of the tear drop
Moraine-ANSWER- ridges or mounds of glacial material deposited close to ice margins often
associated with topography
2. How were the Great Lakes formed?-ANSWER- about 10,000 years ago, the retreat of glaciers
caused
depressions in the landscape that allowed meltwater to fill in. These bodies of water hold 21%
of the world's freshwater
3. What are Epeiric Seas?-ANSWER- Considered an inland sea caused by high sea levels that
used to cover North
America in the Mesozoic era. This also led to limestone caps in lowlands.
4. What was the Pleistocene Period?-ANSWER- occurred about 2.5 mya and humans began to
evolve and
migrate around the world out of Africa.
It also marks the most recent glacial period
5. How was the Canadian Shield formed?-ANSWER- Has been worn down through weathering
and erosion
and as the glaciers retreated, they scraped away rock layers exposing bedrock.
Erratics and drop stones were left behind
6. What is Orbital Eccentricity?-ANSWER- The departure of the earth's elliptical orbit from a
circular shape. Since
,the earth doesn't orbit in a full circle, it has more of an ellipsoid shape which influences our
summer and winter solstices
and equinoxes
7. What is Axial Tilt?-ANSWER- The angle of tilt between rotational axis and orbital axis which is
the reason behind our
seasons and determining our surface temperature. The current tilt is 23.5 degrees.
Can also influence glacial or interglacial cycles
8. What is Axial Precession?-ANSWER- The earth's rotational axis moves slow and continuously
which is caused by
the moon and the sun being pulled by gravity. It takes 25,000 years for a full cycle.
9. What are 3 factors that determine glaciation?-ANSWER- Orbital Eccentricity, Axial Tilt and
Axial Preces
sion
10. When was the last glacial maximum?-ANSWER- Wisconsin Ice Age 18,000 to 25,000 years
ago
11. How do glaciers form?-ANSWER- with a temperature drop, it allows glaciers to form and as
they grow they're
volume increases which yields to sea level dropping
12. What is a Physiographic Region?-ANSWER- an area with distinct surface landforms and
underlying bed rock
structure
2OC3 - Final Exam Review
Study online at https-ANSWER-//quizlet.com/_4qg06w
13. What is an Igneous Rock?-ANSWER- can either be extrusive meaning hardened out in the
open or intrusive
meaning hardened deep in the ground.
Ex. Basalt, Granite, obsidian
, The Canadian Shield is made up of igneous rock
14. What is a Metamorphic Rock?-ANSWER- a chemically altered rock by either heat or pressure
or both being
penetrated that were often formed at deep surfaces
Ex. gneiss, quartzite, schist
15. What is a Sedimentary Rock?-ANSWER- a rock that has been created from various sediments
that have come
from other rocks. This rock is often carried long distances and eroded over time. Some rocks are
made up with CaCO3
(limestone) which can react with acid.
Ex. sandstone, limestone, chalk
Much of the Niagara Escarpment is made up of sedimentary rock
16. How does the Rock Cycle work?-ANSWER- Igneous rock is the starter rock which has been
broken down or
chemically altered into metamorphic or sedimentary.
Sedimentary rock can be metamorphosed into metamorphic rock
As layers get piled up and buried, they become recycled and used to create other rocks.
17. What is the Cordillera Region?-ANSWER- 16% of total land mass that is comprised of
mountains, plateaus and
north-south running aligned valleys. The mountains were formed from converging tectonic
plates.
18. What is the Interior Plains and Prairies Region?-ANSWER- 20% of the total land mass and is
so flat
because of epeiric seas that left behind millions of years of marine sediment. there is a high
population of people who
live in the southern parts and they take advantage of the growing conditions
19. Arctic Archipelago-ANSWER- located north of the Arctic Circle and boreal tree line that hold
polynyas in lots of the
area. Area contains mountains made from folded sedimentary rock.
CORRECT ANSWERS | RATED A+
1. What are the types of glacial deposition landforms?-ANSWER- Eskers - winding ridges that
were
carved into tunnels that supposably moves meltwater through
Drumlins-ANSWER- elongated hill that is in the shape of a inverted spoon. The direction of the
glacier was moving in the direction
where the hill comes to the end of the tear drop
Moraine-ANSWER- ridges or mounds of glacial material deposited close to ice margins often
associated with topography
2. How were the Great Lakes formed?-ANSWER- about 10,000 years ago, the retreat of glaciers
caused
depressions in the landscape that allowed meltwater to fill in. These bodies of water hold 21%
of the world's freshwater
3. What are Epeiric Seas?-ANSWER- Considered an inland sea caused by high sea levels that
used to cover North
America in the Mesozoic era. This also led to limestone caps in lowlands.
4. What was the Pleistocene Period?-ANSWER- occurred about 2.5 mya and humans began to
evolve and
migrate around the world out of Africa.
It also marks the most recent glacial period
5. How was the Canadian Shield formed?-ANSWER- Has been worn down through weathering
and erosion
and as the glaciers retreated, they scraped away rock layers exposing bedrock.
Erratics and drop stones were left behind
6. What is Orbital Eccentricity?-ANSWER- The departure of the earth's elliptical orbit from a
circular shape. Since
,the earth doesn't orbit in a full circle, it has more of an ellipsoid shape which influences our
summer and winter solstices
and equinoxes
7. What is Axial Tilt?-ANSWER- The angle of tilt between rotational axis and orbital axis which is
the reason behind our
seasons and determining our surface temperature. The current tilt is 23.5 degrees.
Can also influence glacial or interglacial cycles
8. What is Axial Precession?-ANSWER- The earth's rotational axis moves slow and continuously
which is caused by
the moon and the sun being pulled by gravity. It takes 25,000 years for a full cycle.
9. What are 3 factors that determine glaciation?-ANSWER- Orbital Eccentricity, Axial Tilt and
Axial Preces
sion
10. When was the last glacial maximum?-ANSWER- Wisconsin Ice Age 18,000 to 25,000 years
ago
11. How do glaciers form?-ANSWER- with a temperature drop, it allows glaciers to form and as
they grow they're
volume increases which yields to sea level dropping
12. What is a Physiographic Region?-ANSWER- an area with distinct surface landforms and
underlying bed rock
structure
2OC3 - Final Exam Review
Study online at https-ANSWER-//quizlet.com/_4qg06w
13. What is an Igneous Rock?-ANSWER- can either be extrusive meaning hardened out in the
open or intrusive
meaning hardened deep in the ground.
Ex. Basalt, Granite, obsidian
, The Canadian Shield is made up of igneous rock
14. What is a Metamorphic Rock?-ANSWER- a chemically altered rock by either heat or pressure
or both being
penetrated that were often formed at deep surfaces
Ex. gneiss, quartzite, schist
15. What is a Sedimentary Rock?-ANSWER- a rock that has been created from various sediments
that have come
from other rocks. This rock is often carried long distances and eroded over time. Some rocks are
made up with CaCO3
(limestone) which can react with acid.
Ex. sandstone, limestone, chalk
Much of the Niagara Escarpment is made up of sedimentary rock
16. How does the Rock Cycle work?-ANSWER- Igneous rock is the starter rock which has been
broken down or
chemically altered into metamorphic or sedimentary.
Sedimentary rock can be metamorphosed into metamorphic rock
As layers get piled up and buried, they become recycled and used to create other rocks.
17. What is the Cordillera Region?-ANSWER- 16% of total land mass that is comprised of
mountains, plateaus and
north-south running aligned valleys. The mountains were formed from converging tectonic
plates.
18. What is the Interior Plains and Prairies Region?-ANSWER- 20% of the total land mass and is
so flat
because of epeiric seas that left behind millions of years of marine sediment. there is a high
population of people who
live in the southern parts and they take advantage of the growing conditions
19. Arctic Archipelago-ANSWER- located north of the Arctic Circle and boreal tree line that hold
polynyas in lots of the
area. Area contains mountains made from folded sedimentary rock.
