CHAPTER 3 - ENVSOCTY 2OC3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS | RATED A+
1. Historical geography intro-ANSWER- - Canada is a young and old country -> Formal history
began in 1867 -> Has been inhabited for at least 40,000 years- Two events have most likely
impacted the nature of Canadian society and its regions-ANSWER--> Arrival of the first people ->
Arrival of Europeans - Tensions b/w regions and groups were inevitable and still exist today -
Culture of tolerance has been 'learned' over time, and is still a work in progress -> Culture has
been learned, often after reconsidering past intolerant acts towards minority groups, especially
towards
Indigenous peoples and visible minorities, and these reconsiderations still continue today
2. The First People-ANSWER- - North America's first people were Old World hunters who arrived
via the Beringia land
bridge 40,000 years ago-> The Great Melt began around 15,000 years ago, and made possible
their migration into the heart of North America-> The land bridge was b/w present-day Russia
and Alaska
3. Theories of diffusion in North America-ANSWER- - Corridor Route theory- Sea Route theory
4. Corridor Route theory-ANSWER- Movement was made possible by an ice-free route b/w the
Cordilleran and
Laurentide ice sheets
5. Sea Route theory-ANSWER- Hypothesizes island-hopping along the West Coast (considered
the more plausible
theory)
6. Migration routes into North America-ANSWER- Figure 3.1-ANSWER- - Corridor route theory-
ANSWER- Ice-free route that
went along about the Alberta-BC border- Sea route theory-ANSWER- Hypothesis of island
hopping on the West Coast- Possible that both routes were used as there is evidence of the use
of both routes for migration into North America- Archaeologists originally believed that the
Corridor Route along the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains was ice-free
, by 14,000 years ago, allowing the descendants of the Old World hunters to reach the heart of
North America- More recently, the Sea Route has gained favour because it explains how human
beings could have arrived south of
the ice sheet before the Great Melt created the ice-free corridor between the two ice sheets-
The Sea Route is now the accepted path that historians believe Old World hunters used to reach
the coast of British
Columbia and beyond to the unglaciated lands of the United States, Mexico, and South America
7. Timeline of Old World Hunters-ANSWER- Table 3.1-ANSWER- Skim over table, no need to
memorize
Chapter 3 - ENVSOCTY 2OC3
Study online at https-ANSWER-//quizlet.com/_h1hprb
8. Paleo-Indians-ANSWER- - Descendants of Old World hunters - Devised fluted spear points,
dating 13,500 years ago-> Used to track movement; evidence- Three groups-ANSWER--> Clovis
culture-ANSWER- 13,500-12,500 years ago -> Folsom culture-ANSWER- 11,000-10,200 years
ago-> Plano culture-ANSWER- 10,000-8,000 years ago
9. Paleo-Indians cont'd-ANSWER- - Link b/w geographic territory and hunting societies marked
development of
Paleo-Indian culture areas with two characteristics-ANSWER--> Each area had a common set of
natural conditions that resulted in similaer plants and animals to emerge -> Inhabitants, who
used a common set of hunting, fishing, and food-gathering techniques and tools, gathered and
harvested these plants and animals -> Under these conditions, Paleo-Indians formed more
enduring social units that became the forerunners of the
numerous Indigenous North American groups that came into contact with Europeans
10. Indigenous Peoples-ANSWER- - Most archaeologists believe Algonquins are direct
descendants of Paleo-Indians- Athapaskans represent a distinct culture whose ancestors may
have arrived from Asia 10,000 years ago- Hunting and gathering societies- Trade b/w groups-
Spread of agriculture as a result of warming climate-> This was a time where they were coming
out of a severe Ice Age, causing a changing climate on a human timescale
and would allow for the advancement and expansion of agricultural opportunities
ANSWERS | RATED A+
1. Historical geography intro-ANSWER- - Canada is a young and old country -> Formal history
began in 1867 -> Has been inhabited for at least 40,000 years- Two events have most likely
impacted the nature of Canadian society and its regions-ANSWER--> Arrival of the first people ->
Arrival of Europeans - Tensions b/w regions and groups were inevitable and still exist today -
Culture of tolerance has been 'learned' over time, and is still a work in progress -> Culture has
been learned, often after reconsidering past intolerant acts towards minority groups, especially
towards
Indigenous peoples and visible minorities, and these reconsiderations still continue today
2. The First People-ANSWER- - North America's first people were Old World hunters who arrived
via the Beringia land
bridge 40,000 years ago-> The Great Melt began around 15,000 years ago, and made possible
their migration into the heart of North America-> The land bridge was b/w present-day Russia
and Alaska
3. Theories of diffusion in North America-ANSWER- - Corridor Route theory- Sea Route theory
4. Corridor Route theory-ANSWER- Movement was made possible by an ice-free route b/w the
Cordilleran and
Laurentide ice sheets
5. Sea Route theory-ANSWER- Hypothesizes island-hopping along the West Coast (considered
the more plausible
theory)
6. Migration routes into North America-ANSWER- Figure 3.1-ANSWER- - Corridor route theory-
ANSWER- Ice-free route that
went along about the Alberta-BC border- Sea route theory-ANSWER- Hypothesis of island
hopping on the West Coast- Possible that both routes were used as there is evidence of the use
of both routes for migration into North America- Archaeologists originally believed that the
Corridor Route along the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains was ice-free
, by 14,000 years ago, allowing the descendants of the Old World hunters to reach the heart of
North America- More recently, the Sea Route has gained favour because it explains how human
beings could have arrived south of
the ice sheet before the Great Melt created the ice-free corridor between the two ice sheets-
The Sea Route is now the accepted path that historians believe Old World hunters used to reach
the coast of British
Columbia and beyond to the unglaciated lands of the United States, Mexico, and South America
7. Timeline of Old World Hunters-ANSWER- Table 3.1-ANSWER- Skim over table, no need to
memorize
Chapter 3 - ENVSOCTY 2OC3
Study online at https-ANSWER-//quizlet.com/_h1hprb
8. Paleo-Indians-ANSWER- - Descendants of Old World hunters - Devised fluted spear points,
dating 13,500 years ago-> Used to track movement; evidence- Three groups-ANSWER--> Clovis
culture-ANSWER- 13,500-12,500 years ago -> Folsom culture-ANSWER- 11,000-10,200 years
ago-> Plano culture-ANSWER- 10,000-8,000 years ago
9. Paleo-Indians cont'd-ANSWER- - Link b/w geographic territory and hunting societies marked
development of
Paleo-Indian culture areas with two characteristics-ANSWER--> Each area had a common set of
natural conditions that resulted in similaer plants and animals to emerge -> Inhabitants, who
used a common set of hunting, fishing, and food-gathering techniques and tools, gathered and
harvested these plants and animals -> Under these conditions, Paleo-Indians formed more
enduring social units that became the forerunners of the
numerous Indigenous North American groups that came into contact with Europeans
10. Indigenous Peoples-ANSWER- - Most archaeologists believe Algonquins are direct
descendants of Paleo-Indians- Athapaskans represent a distinct culture whose ancestors may
have arrived from Asia 10,000 years ago- Hunting and gathering societies- Trade b/w groups-
Spread of agriculture as a result of warming climate-> This was a time where they were coming
out of a severe Ice Age, causing a changing climate on a human timescale
and would allow for the advancement and expansion of agricultural opportunities
