National Healthcare System - Answers Government owns/controls healthcare (e.g., UK NHS).
Socialized Healthcare - Answers Government finances and delivers care.
Public Health - Answers Population-based prevention and health promotion.
Private Practice - Answers Independent providers paid directly or through insurance.
Organized Medicine - Answers Professional associations like AMA shaping policy.
Defensive Medicine - Answers Extra tests/treatments to avoid lawsuits.
History of US Healthcare - Answers Grew from private, fee-for-service to insurance-based
system; key milestones include Medicare/Medicaid (1965), HMO Act (1973), ACA (2010).
Allied Health Professionals - Answers Support roles (therapists, technologists).
Non-Physician Practitioners - Answers Nurse Practitioners, PAs.
National Practitioner Data Bank - Answers Tracks malpractice and discipline.
Third Party - Answers Insurance company paying provider.
Prospective Payment - Answers Pre-set amount per case (e.g., DRGs).
Retrospective Payment - Answers Paid after service.
Case-Based Payment / Episode of Care - Answers One payment per illness.
Group Health Insurance - Answers Employer-based.
Cost Sharing - Answers Deductibles, copays.
Coordination of Benefits - Answers Avoids double payment.
EOB/RA - Answers Explanation of Benefits / Remittance Advice.
ADL/IADL - Answers Activities of Daily Living / Instrumental ADL (basic vs complex tasks).
PM-DRGs (Patient Management-Diagnosis Related Groups) - Answers A DRG system that
classifies hospital cases for payment based on the type and severity of illness.
APR-DRGs (All Patient Refined-Diagnosis Related Groups) - Answers Expands DRGs by adding
severity and risk of mortality levels for all patients, not just Medicare.
IR-DRGs (International-Diagnosis Related Groups) - Answers Global DRG system designed for
use across different countries to standardize hospital payment.