Civil Engineering Materials Exam #3 Questions And Correct Answers Pass Guaranteed.

difference between concrete & bituminous materials - correct answers water & cement provide bonding for concrete aggregate with the need for water, while asphalt cement provides bonding for bituminous materials without water bitumen - correct answers viscous liquid or solid essentially hydrocarbons and their derivatives. soluble in carbon di-sulphide. Non-volatile, softens when heated. Black or brown coloring. Water-proofing and adhesive properties. Natural deposit (petroleum). Use for roads as asphalt and tar tar - correct answers viscous black liquid obtained by destructive distillation of coal, wood, shale distillation - correct answers subjected to heat and high pressure without access to air sources of natural asphalts - correct answers trinidad lake trinidad lake - correct answers from the island of trinidad. approximately 40% asphalt + 30% water + 30% mineral matter (clay) types of natural asphalts - correct answers gilsonite & petroleum asphalt gilsonite - correct answers practically pure asphalt. 90% soluble in CS2. very hard. primary use in asphalt paints and asphalt floor tiles petroleum asphalt - correct answers primary source from the refining of petroleum. Higher grade crude oil --> 10% asphalts. Lower grade crude oil --> 90% asphalts uses of asphalt - correct answers paving (road construction), roofing, protective coatings classification: paving (road construction) - correct answers primarily produced by the vacuum and steam refining and solvent deasphalting process. petroleum asphalts - correct answersasphalt cements, cutback asphalts, emulsified asphalts, air-blown asphalts emulsified asphalts - correct answersthe suspension of small globules of one liquid into another without intermixing roofing - correct answerssemi-solid or solid. shingles and roll roofing protective coatings - correct answerspipe coatings, reservoir and canal linings. highly blown asphalts and finely divided mineral fillers. basic constituents of asphalt - correct answersasphaltine, resin, light oil, impurities asphaltine - correct answersdark brown powdery substance. hard with highest viscosity (asphalt constituent) resin - correct answersa polymer material with adhesive property to asphalt cement. medium viscosity (asphalt constituent) light oil - correct answersa solvent, volatile, very low viscosity (asphalt constituent) impurities - correct answersmetallic elements (asphalt constituent) primary source of bitumens - correct answersfractional distillation of petroleum (crude oil) at temperatures above 900 degrees F natural process of bitumens - correct answersproduces rock or lake asphalts properties of asphalt cement - correct answersadhesion, consistency, specific gravity, durability, rate of curing, ductility, aging and hardening, resistance to reaction of water consistency - correct answersthe measure of the degree of fluidity or plasticity of asphalt cement at any temperature viscosity - correct answersthe measure of the resistance to flow. newtonian liquid - correct answersif viscosity is independent of stress, otherwise it it non-newtonian absolute viscosity - correct answersa method of measuring viscosity using poise as the basic measuring unit. n = shear stress/rate of shear streain absolute viscosity test - correct answersheating of asphalt cement and pouring it in viscometer placed in water or oil at a temp of 60 C. calibrated U-tube. vacuum is applied at one end. timing of the cement flow between the marks. units in poise: flow time*viscometer calibration factor kinematic viscosity - correct answersa method of measuring viscosity using stoke as the basic measuring unit. it is a measure of the resistance to flow under gravity. = viscosity of liquid/density of solid. units: m^2/sec stoke - correct answersunits: cm^2/sec kinematic viscosity test - correct answerssame procedure as with the abs viscosity test but temp is increased to 135 C. no vacuum since viscosity is very low. resistance of flow under gravity. units in centistokes (cst): flow time*calibration factor centistoke - correct answersunits: stoke/100 --> (cm^2/sec)/100 ductility - correct answersmeasures cement's ability to deform without breaking. the tensile property of the cement. specimen: briquette of asphalt cement in a bath at 25 C. the distance is stretched before breaking types of viscometers - correct answerssliding plate viscometer, capillary viscometer, torsion viscometer, efflux viscometer sliding plate viscometer - correct answersone fixed plate, with two moving plates surrounding moving in opposite directions. viscosity = (F*d)/(A*V) units: N*s*m^3 (1000 centipoise) poise - correct answersthe tangential force of 1 dyne acting on a plane of area. units: gm/cm*sec. temperature increases; temperature decreases - correct answersmaterials become softer or of lower viscosity as their.... harder or of higher viscosity as their... penetration test - correct answersthis test measures the consistency or viscosity of solid and semisolid asphalt materials. larger penetration means a smaller viscosity while a smaller means a larger viscosity stiffness modulus - correct answers1/Se = 1/e+t/3n+1/d thixotropy - correct answersa property rendering fairly stiffer material like a fluid when vibrated or agitated softening point - correct answerspoint of temp at which the binder becomes soft specific gravity - correct answers= mass of a given volume of material at 77 or 60 F/ equal volume of water at the same temp. increases with increasing temperature. normally measured using a pycnometer binder properties - correct answersviscosity depends on temp, delayed elasticity depends on time and temp. when t=0, instantaneous elasticity dominates. when t=infinity, viscosity is the greatest. delayed elasticity is important at moderate loading times asphalt concrete - correct answersasphalt cements and aggregates mixed at high temps and placed and compacted on roads while still hot. flexible;rigid - correct answersnote that asphalt is (blank), while concrete is (blank) desired properties of hot mix asphalt - correct answersstability or resistance to permanent deformation, fatigue resistance, resistance to thermal cracking, resistance to aging and hardening, resistance to moisture induced damaging (stripping from aggregate particles), skid resistance, workability during