FNDH 400 FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT A
PKU c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔In cindividuals cwith cPKU, cphenylalanine ccan't cbe cconverted cto ctyros
cin cphenylalanine chydroxylase. cSo ctyrosine cis cconditionally cessential
DIASS cV cPCDAAS c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔PDCAAS cuses ctotal cdigestibility, ca csingle creference c
AAS cV cPDCAAS c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔PDCAAS calso ctakes cinto caccount cprotein cdigestibility
sucrose cv chigh cfructose ccorn csyrup c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cfructose cin csucrose cis cbonded c
cthe csame cfree cfructose cavailable cfor cuptake cas cHFCS cwhere cfructose cis cfree calready.
linoleic cacid cv. calpha-linoleic cacid c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Eicosanoid cproduction cfrom clinoleic cac
cmore cinflammatory cthan cthose cproduced cfrom calpha-linoleic cacid celongated cfatty cacids
sugar calcohols c(polyols) c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Sugar calcohols care ca cgood coption cfor cchewing c
creadily cfermented cby cbacteria cin cthe cmouth, cdecreasing cacid cproduction cand cthus cdecreasing
Beano c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Beano ccontains can cenzyme cthat ccleaves cthe calpha c1-6 cbonds cin
cdecreasing cthe cfermentation cby cthe cmicrobiota cin cthe ccolon cdecreasing cgas cproduction cthat cc
Bile c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Bile cis csynthesized cby cthe cliver cand cconcentrated cin cthe cgallbladder
6 cfructoses cand c1 cglucose c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔This ccompound cis cselectively cfermented cby cb
cis cboth can coligosaccharide cand ca cprebiotic.
Galactose c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Galactose cis cseldom cfound cin cnature calone, cand cis cbeta-bond
Name cthe conly cmacronutrient cthat cis cdigested cto cany cgreat cextent cin cthe cmouth cand cthe cenzy
c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Carbohydrates c- csalivary camylase
Which ctype cof cfiber csurvives cdigestion cand cis cexcreted cas ca cpart cof cfeces? c- cCORRECT cANS
cviscous cfiber
Name cthe ccomponents cof cpancreatic cjuice c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Bicarbonate, cand cDigestive ce
Gastric cjuice cimproperly cmoving cback cup cinto cthe cesophagus cresults cin cwhat ccondition? c- cCO
cand/or cgastroesophageal creflux cdisease
Name cthe c2 calternative csweeteners cthat care cderived cfrom cnatural csources c(not cartificial cor csy
cANS✔✔Stevia cand cLuo cHan cGuo c(monkfruit) cextract
, care cthat ctrans cfatty cacids cincrease cthe cmelting cpoint cof cthe coil, cgenerally cmaking cit csolid cat cr
ceasier cto chandle. cCons: cconsuming ctrans cfatty cacids cincreases cLDL cand cdecreases cHDL.
Significant cincrease c/ cdecrease c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Significant cincrease cabove c1
Significant cdecrease cbelow c1 cNO cOVERLAP
Statistically csignificant c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔p c= c<0.05
Omega cnomenclature c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cNumber cof ccarbons cin cthe cfatty cacid
2. cNumber cof cdouble cbonds
3. cNumber cof ccarbons cfrom cthe cmethyl cend c(aka cOmega cend) cto cthe cfirst ccarbon cin cthe cdou
cend
Carbohydrate cuptake c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Enzymes: cpancreatic camylase, cdisaccharides
End cproducts: cMonosaccharides
Triglycerides cuptake c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Enzymes: cPancreatic cLipase
End cproducts: c2 cmonoglyceride, cfree cfatty cacids
Protein cuptake c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Enzymes: cproteases, cpeptidases c
End cproducts: camino cacids, cdi cand ctri cpeptides.
Rank cof ctype cof cstudies c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Cross csectional c< ccase-control c< cprospective cc
Following cconsumption cof ca cmeal ccontaining clong cchain cfatty cacids c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Chyl
cfrom cthe csmall cintestine cinto cthe clacteal clymph cand ctravel cthrough cgeneral ccirculation.
Ornish cdiet cpost cconsumption c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔lipoprotein clipase cwill cbe cactive cto ccleave
clike cVLDL
LDL cv cIDL c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔LDL cis csmaller, cmore cdense, cand cmore ccholesterol-rich cthan
ccleaved cduring cits cformation
Foam cCells c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Foam ccells, cmacrophages cthat ctake cup ca clot cof cLDL c/ coxidi
cform ca cfatty cstreak cin carteries cthat ccontribute cto catherosclerosis.
Threonine c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Threonine cis cmetabolized cto cpyruvate cand csuccinyl-CoA c(citric
cthus cclassified cas ca cglucogenic camino cacid.
type c2 cdiabetes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Insulin cresistance cis ccommon cin ctype c2 cdiabetes, cbecau
creceptor cbut cGLUT c4 cdoes cnot cmove cto cthe ccell csurface cto callow cglucose cuptake.
Diverticulosis c/ cdiverticulitis c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Consuming ca clow cfiber cdiet cincreases cthe cris
Celiac cDisease c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Individuals cwith cCeliac cdisease cneed cto cavoid cconsuming
cwheat cproducts.
Statins c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔When ca cperson's ccardiovascular cdisease crisk cwarrants cit cbased c
che/she cshould ctake ca cstain, cwhich cimproves cpeople's cLDL clevels cby cdecreasing ccholesterol cs
Beta-Oxidation c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Beta-Oxidation cbreaks cdown cfatty cacids cinto cAcetyl-CoA.
Consuming cmore cgood ccholesterol c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Consuming cmore cgood ccholesterol c"H
cdecrease cyour crisk cof cdeveloping ccardiovascular cdisease, cbecause cit cparticipates cin creverse cc
PKU c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔In cindividuals cwith cPKU, cphenylalanine ccan't cbe cconverted cto ctyros
cin cphenylalanine chydroxylase. cSo ctyrosine cis cconditionally cessential
DIASS cV cPCDAAS c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔PDCAAS cuses ctotal cdigestibility, ca csingle creference c
AAS cV cPDCAAS c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔PDCAAS calso ctakes cinto caccount cprotein cdigestibility
sucrose cv chigh cfructose ccorn csyrup c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cfructose cin csucrose cis cbonded c
cthe csame cfree cfructose cavailable cfor cuptake cas cHFCS cwhere cfructose cis cfree calready.
linoleic cacid cv. calpha-linoleic cacid c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Eicosanoid cproduction cfrom clinoleic cac
cmore cinflammatory cthan cthose cproduced cfrom calpha-linoleic cacid celongated cfatty cacids
sugar calcohols c(polyols) c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Sugar calcohols care ca cgood coption cfor cchewing c
creadily cfermented cby cbacteria cin cthe cmouth, cdecreasing cacid cproduction cand cthus cdecreasing
Beano c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Beano ccontains can cenzyme cthat ccleaves cthe calpha c1-6 cbonds cin
cdecreasing cthe cfermentation cby cthe cmicrobiota cin cthe ccolon cdecreasing cgas cproduction cthat cc
Bile c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Bile cis csynthesized cby cthe cliver cand cconcentrated cin cthe cgallbladder
6 cfructoses cand c1 cglucose c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔This ccompound cis cselectively cfermented cby cb
cis cboth can coligosaccharide cand ca cprebiotic.
Galactose c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Galactose cis cseldom cfound cin cnature calone, cand cis cbeta-bond
Name cthe conly cmacronutrient cthat cis cdigested cto cany cgreat cextent cin cthe cmouth cand cthe cenzy
c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Carbohydrates c- csalivary camylase
Which ctype cof cfiber csurvives cdigestion cand cis cexcreted cas ca cpart cof cfeces? c- cCORRECT cANS
cviscous cfiber
Name cthe ccomponents cof cpancreatic cjuice c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Bicarbonate, cand cDigestive ce
Gastric cjuice cimproperly cmoving cback cup cinto cthe cesophagus cresults cin cwhat ccondition? c- cCO
cand/or cgastroesophageal creflux cdisease
Name cthe c2 calternative csweeteners cthat care cderived cfrom cnatural csources c(not cartificial cor csy
cANS✔✔Stevia cand cLuo cHan cGuo c(monkfruit) cextract
, care cthat ctrans cfatty cacids cincrease cthe cmelting cpoint cof cthe coil, cgenerally cmaking cit csolid cat cr
ceasier cto chandle. cCons: cconsuming ctrans cfatty cacids cincreases cLDL cand cdecreases cHDL.
Significant cincrease c/ cdecrease c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Significant cincrease cabove c1
Significant cdecrease cbelow c1 cNO cOVERLAP
Statistically csignificant c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔p c= c<0.05
Omega cnomenclature c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cNumber cof ccarbons cin cthe cfatty cacid
2. cNumber cof cdouble cbonds
3. cNumber cof ccarbons cfrom cthe cmethyl cend c(aka cOmega cend) cto cthe cfirst ccarbon cin cthe cdou
cend
Carbohydrate cuptake c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Enzymes: cpancreatic camylase, cdisaccharides
End cproducts: cMonosaccharides
Triglycerides cuptake c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Enzymes: cPancreatic cLipase
End cproducts: c2 cmonoglyceride, cfree cfatty cacids
Protein cuptake c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Enzymes: cproteases, cpeptidases c
End cproducts: camino cacids, cdi cand ctri cpeptides.
Rank cof ctype cof cstudies c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Cross csectional c< ccase-control c< cprospective cc
Following cconsumption cof ca cmeal ccontaining clong cchain cfatty cacids c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Chyl
cfrom cthe csmall cintestine cinto cthe clacteal clymph cand ctravel cthrough cgeneral ccirculation.
Ornish cdiet cpost cconsumption c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔lipoprotein clipase cwill cbe cactive cto ccleave
clike cVLDL
LDL cv cIDL c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔LDL cis csmaller, cmore cdense, cand cmore ccholesterol-rich cthan
ccleaved cduring cits cformation
Foam cCells c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Foam ccells, cmacrophages cthat ctake cup ca clot cof cLDL c/ coxidi
cform ca cfatty cstreak cin carteries cthat ccontribute cto catherosclerosis.
Threonine c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Threonine cis cmetabolized cto cpyruvate cand csuccinyl-CoA c(citric
cthus cclassified cas ca cglucogenic camino cacid.
type c2 cdiabetes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Insulin cresistance cis ccommon cin ctype c2 cdiabetes, cbecau
creceptor cbut cGLUT c4 cdoes cnot cmove cto cthe ccell csurface cto callow cglucose cuptake.
Diverticulosis c/ cdiverticulitis c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Consuming ca clow cfiber cdiet cincreases cthe cris
Celiac cDisease c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Individuals cwith cCeliac cdisease cneed cto cavoid cconsuming
cwheat cproducts.
Statins c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔When ca cperson's ccardiovascular cdisease crisk cwarrants cit cbased c
che/she cshould ctake ca cstain, cwhich cimproves cpeople's cLDL clevels cby cdecreasing ccholesterol cs
Beta-Oxidation c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Beta-Oxidation cbreaks cdown cfatty cacids cinto cAcetyl-CoA.
Consuming cmore cgood ccholesterol c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Consuming cmore cgood ccholesterol c"H
cdecrease cyour crisk cof cdeveloping ccardiovascular cdisease, cbecause cit cparticipates cin creverse cc
