SCI-220 Human Anatomy Final Exam
(Nightingale College) STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. Anatomy - ANSWER ✔ study of the structure of an organism and the
relationships of its parts
2. Physiology - ANSWER ✔ the science that deals with the functions of the
living organism and its parts
3. List the order of increasing complexity the levels of organization of the body
- ANSWER ✔ chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system
4. Chemical level - ANSWER ✔ There are more than 100 different chemical
building blocks of nature called atoms.
Combinations of atoms form larger chemical groupings, called molecules.
Molecules, in turn, often combine with other atoms and molecules to form
larger and more complex chemicals, called macromolecules.
Unless proper relationships among chemical elements are maintained, death
results.
5. Organelle Level - ANSWER ✔ Chemical structures may be organized
within larger units called cells to form various structures called organelles
organelle may be defined as a structure made of molecules organized in such
, a way that it can perform a specific function. Organelles are the "tiny
organs" that allow each cell to live. Organelles cannot survive outside the
cell, but without organelles the cell itself could not survive either.
Mitochondria—the "powerhouses" of cells that provide energy needed by
the cell to carry on day-to-day function-ing, growth, and repair
• Golgi apparatus—set of sacs that provides a "packaging" service to
the cell by storing material for future internal use or for export from
the cell
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)—network of channels within the cell
that act as "highways" for the movement of chemicals and as sites for
chemical processing
6. Cellular Level - ANSWER ✔ Cells are the smallest and most numerous
structural units that possess and exhibit the basic characteristics of living
matter.
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and is characterized by a single
nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm that includes the numerous organelles
required for the normal processes of living. Although all cells have certain
features in common, they special-ize or differentiate to perform unique
functions. Fat cells, for ex-ample, are structurally modified to permit the
storage of fats, whereas other cells, such as cardiac muscle cells, are able to
contract with great force.
Muscle, bone, nerve, and blood cells are other examples of structurally and
functionally unique cells
7. Tissue Level - ANSWER ✔ a group of a great many similar cells that all
developed together from the same part of the embryo and all perform a
certain function.
Tissue cells are surrounded by varying amounts and kinds of nonliving,
intercellular substances, or the matrix.
Tissues are the "fabric" of the body.
There are four major or principal tissue types: epithelial, connec-tive,
muscle, and nervous.
,8. True/False: Examining the interior of the body during the autopsy procedure,
does NOT require the ME to visualize, inspect and remove all organs for
additional examination. - ANSWER ✔ False
9. What on a body needs to be documented during an autopsy? - ANSWER ✔ -
Bodies
-Injuries
-Disease
-Clothing
-Weapons
10.What scale is required for pictures of bite-marks? - ANSWER ✔ ABFO
11.What is considered primary and secondary demonstrative evidence? Give
examples of each - ANSWER ✔ Primary: ME testimony
Secondary: Autopsy photographs
12.True or false: the sex of the victim being photographed should be clearly
recognizable? - ANSWER ✔ False
13.What are some other things that can be used for identification other than the
face? - ANSWER ✔ -Scars
-tattoos
-birthmarks
-implants.
14.When photographing fingerprints during an autopsy, what should be visible?
- ANSWER ✔ Ridge Pattern
, 15.True/False: You need to maintain the decedents dignity when taking
photographs during an autopsy. - ANSWER ✔ True
16.True/False: It is okay for bloody gloves, tools, or debris to be in an autopsy
photo. - ANSWER ✔ False
17.Body cavities are difficult to photograph due to curvature. What can be done
to still capture the cavities? - ANSWER ✔ Photograph at different angles
instead of the normal perpendicular angle.
18.How is autopsy photography different from other aspects of evidence
documentation? - ANSWER ✔ -serves as documentation of physical
evidence, but the body will not be available for examination again
-photographs must be emotionally neutral
19.What should you do if tools cannot be moved out of an autopsy picture? -
ANSWER ✔ Clean the tools, and make sure they are neatly placed.
20.What are the three main types of photographs taken during an autopsy? -
ANSWER ✔ -Overall/distant
-Intermediate
-Close-up
21.When photographing blood transfer patterns you need to be aware that blood
reflects light. How do you avoid this issue? - ANSWER ✔ Hold the
detachable flash at a 45 degree angle.
22.Define the area of convergence. - ANSWER ✔ 2D meeting point for two or
more blood droplets.
(Nightingale College) STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. Anatomy - ANSWER ✔ study of the structure of an organism and the
relationships of its parts
2. Physiology - ANSWER ✔ the science that deals with the functions of the
living organism and its parts
3. List the order of increasing complexity the levels of organization of the body
- ANSWER ✔ chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system
4. Chemical level - ANSWER ✔ There are more than 100 different chemical
building blocks of nature called atoms.
Combinations of atoms form larger chemical groupings, called molecules.
Molecules, in turn, often combine with other atoms and molecules to form
larger and more complex chemicals, called macromolecules.
Unless proper relationships among chemical elements are maintained, death
results.
5. Organelle Level - ANSWER ✔ Chemical structures may be organized
within larger units called cells to form various structures called organelles
organelle may be defined as a structure made of molecules organized in such
, a way that it can perform a specific function. Organelles are the "tiny
organs" that allow each cell to live. Organelles cannot survive outside the
cell, but without organelles the cell itself could not survive either.
Mitochondria—the "powerhouses" of cells that provide energy needed by
the cell to carry on day-to-day function-ing, growth, and repair
• Golgi apparatus—set of sacs that provides a "packaging" service to
the cell by storing material for future internal use or for export from
the cell
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)—network of channels within the cell
that act as "highways" for the movement of chemicals and as sites for
chemical processing
6. Cellular Level - ANSWER ✔ Cells are the smallest and most numerous
structural units that possess and exhibit the basic characteristics of living
matter.
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and is characterized by a single
nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm that includes the numerous organelles
required for the normal processes of living. Although all cells have certain
features in common, they special-ize or differentiate to perform unique
functions. Fat cells, for ex-ample, are structurally modified to permit the
storage of fats, whereas other cells, such as cardiac muscle cells, are able to
contract with great force.
Muscle, bone, nerve, and blood cells are other examples of structurally and
functionally unique cells
7. Tissue Level - ANSWER ✔ a group of a great many similar cells that all
developed together from the same part of the embryo and all perform a
certain function.
Tissue cells are surrounded by varying amounts and kinds of nonliving,
intercellular substances, or the matrix.
Tissues are the "fabric" of the body.
There are four major or principal tissue types: epithelial, connec-tive,
muscle, and nervous.
,8. True/False: Examining the interior of the body during the autopsy procedure,
does NOT require the ME to visualize, inspect and remove all organs for
additional examination. - ANSWER ✔ False
9. What on a body needs to be documented during an autopsy? - ANSWER ✔ -
Bodies
-Injuries
-Disease
-Clothing
-Weapons
10.What scale is required for pictures of bite-marks? - ANSWER ✔ ABFO
11.What is considered primary and secondary demonstrative evidence? Give
examples of each - ANSWER ✔ Primary: ME testimony
Secondary: Autopsy photographs
12.True or false: the sex of the victim being photographed should be clearly
recognizable? - ANSWER ✔ False
13.What are some other things that can be used for identification other than the
face? - ANSWER ✔ -Scars
-tattoos
-birthmarks
-implants.
14.When photographing fingerprints during an autopsy, what should be visible?
- ANSWER ✔ Ridge Pattern
, 15.True/False: You need to maintain the decedents dignity when taking
photographs during an autopsy. - ANSWER ✔ True
16.True/False: It is okay for bloody gloves, tools, or debris to be in an autopsy
photo. - ANSWER ✔ False
17.Body cavities are difficult to photograph due to curvature. What can be done
to still capture the cavities? - ANSWER ✔ Photograph at different angles
instead of the normal perpendicular angle.
18.How is autopsy photography different from other aspects of evidence
documentation? - ANSWER ✔ -serves as documentation of physical
evidence, but the body will not be available for examination again
-photographs must be emotionally neutral
19.What should you do if tools cannot be moved out of an autopsy picture? -
ANSWER ✔ Clean the tools, and make sure they are neatly placed.
20.What are the three main types of photographs taken during an autopsy? -
ANSWER ✔ -Overall/distant
-Intermediate
-Close-up
21.When photographing blood transfer patterns you need to be aware that blood
reflects light. How do you avoid this issue? - ANSWER ✔ Hold the
detachable flash at a 45 degree angle.
22.Define the area of convergence. - ANSWER ✔ 2D meeting point for two or
more blood droplets.
