Genetics and Heredity Questions and Answers (100% Correct Answers) Already Graded A+

Heredity [ Ans: ] Passing of traits from parents to offspring Genetics [ Ans: ] The scientific study of heredity Genes [ Ans: ] Carry information in living cells and determine an organism's traits or characteristics; inherited from an organism's parent(s) Alleles [ Ans: ] Instructions for a trait (one from each parent) Genotype [ Ans: ] The combination of alleles or letters for a trait Phenotype [ Ans: ] The expression of the genotype. How it looks or acts Trait [ Ans: ] A characteristic of an organism; can be genetic or acquired Dominant Trait [ Ans: ] Represented by an upper case letter. Always wins in Mendelian genetics. Only one copy is needed Recessive Trait [ Ans: ] Represented by a lowercase letter. Must have two copies of a recessive trait to be expressed in the phenotype. Homozygous [ Ans: ] An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait (purebred) Homozygous Dominant [ Ans: ] Genotype made up of two dominant alleles Homozygous Recessive [ Ans: ] Genotype made up of two recessive alleles Heterozygous [ Ans: ] Genotype made up of one dominant and one recessive allele Purebred [ Ans: ] Homozygous genotype (RR or rr) Hybrid and Carrier [ Ans: ] Heterozygous genotype (Rr) Codominant [ Ans: ] Inheritance pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct trait of both alleles. Incomplete Dominance [ Ans: ] A pattern of inheritance in which two alleles, inherited from the parents, are neither dominant nor recessive. The resulting offspring have a phenotype that is a blending of the parental traits. 23 [ Ans: ] number of chromosomes in a human sex cell 46 [ Ans: ] number of chromosomes in a human body cell Gregor Mendel [ Ans: ] Father of genetics. He discovered that each parent donates one set of instructions for a trait. Punnett Square [ Ans: ] A chart that shows the likelihoods of all possible genotypes and phenotypes for a certain trait or traits resulting from a cross between two parents with known genotypes Pedigree [ Ans: ] A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family. Mutation [ Ans: ] A change in a gene or chromosome due to a random error in DNA replicaiton. Genotype for female