Test Bank for A Concise Introduction to Logic, 11th Edition, Patrick J. Hurley, Lori Watson (complete chapters)

,TESTBANK
A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC 11TH EDITION
Patrick J. Hurley




Chapter 1 Test A
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,MULTIPLE CHOICE WS




INSTRUCTIONS: TheTfollowing selections relate to distinguishing arguments from nonargum
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ents a nd identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
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1. There appears to beTa growing happiness gap between men and women. Women today ar
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e workin g more and relaxing less, while men are working less and relaxing more. Forty
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years ago a typical woman spent 40 minutes more per week than the typical man perfo
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rming an activity considered unpleasant. Today, with men working less, the gap is 90 mi
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nutes and growing.
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a. Argument; conclusion: Today ... the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
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b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: Forty years ago ... an activity considered unpleasant.
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d. Argument; conclusion: There appears to be ... betweenTmen and women.
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e. Argument; conclusion: Women today are working more and relaxin
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g less. ANS: D
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2. Lead is toxic, but do you know why? Lead is toxic mainly because it preferentially replace
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s other m etals in biochemical reactions. In so doing it interferes with the proteins that reg
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ulate blood pressure (which can cause development delays in children and high blood press
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ure in adults), heme productio n (which can lead to anemia), and sperm production. Lead a
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lso displaces calcium in the reactions tha t transmit electrical impulses in the brain, which
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Sdiminishes the ability to think and recall informatio n.
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Anne Marie Helmstine, "Your Guide to Chemistry" WS WS WS WS WS WS


a. Argument; conclusion: It interferes with the proteins ... and sperm production.
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b. Argument; conclusion: Lead is toxic. WS WS WS WS


c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: It preferentially replaces other metals in biochemical reactions.
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e. Argument; conclusion: Lead also displaces calcium ... recall inform
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ation. ANS: C WS W S PTS: 2

3. Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself. He argued that it was virtuous to
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WSchoose th e proper amountTof emotion and/or action called for in a particular situation and
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Sthat extremes of emo tion and action were vices. In all communities there are some men o
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f practical wisdom who have the capacity to judge wisely. Aristotle argued that they have t
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he capacity to follow the "right rule" whate ver the situation.
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David Cooper, Value Pluralism and Ethical Choice WS WS WS WS WS WS


a. Argument; conclusion: In all communities ... capacity to judge wisely.
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b. Argument; conclusion: Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself.
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c. Argument; conclusion: They have the capacity to follow ... the situation.
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d. Argument; conclusion: He argued that it was virtuous ... were vices
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e. Nonargument.
ANS: W S E PTS: 2

4. Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, andTmany of them also pay state, local, and federal
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income ta x and Social Security tax. They also purchase items from local merchants, increas
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ing the amount thes e merchants pay in taxes. In addition, they work for low salaries, whi
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ch increases the earnings of their employers and the amount of taxes these employers pay.
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Thus, it is not correct to say that illegal im migrants contribute nothing to the communities
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in which they live.
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, a. Argument; conclusion: WS WS It is not correct to say ... communities in which they live.
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b. Argument; conclusion: WS WS They work for low salaries ... these employers pay.
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c. Argument; conclusion: WS WS Illegal immigrants pay ... Social Security tax.
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d. Argument; conclusion: WS WS They also purchase items ... pay in taxes.
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e. Nonargument.

ANS: W S A PTS: W S W S 2

5. Numerous studies have indicated that women of color, black women in particular, a
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re over- arrested, over-indicted, and over-sentenced. African-
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American women are seven times more likely to be arrested for prostitution than women of
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WSother eth nic groups. BlackTwomen have received significantly longer sentences for crimes
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against property an d served longer periods in prison. For both murder and drug offenses,
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Euroamerican women endedTu p serving one- WS WS WS WS WS


third less time for the same offenses than black women.
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Nancy Kurshan, "Women and ImprisonmentTin theTU.S." WS WS WS WS WS


a. Argument; conclusion: African-American women ... other ethnic groups.
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b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: ForTboth murderTand drug offenses ... black women.
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d. Argument; conclusion: Numerous studies have indicated ... over-sentenced.
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e. Argument; conclusion: Black women have received ... longer periods in
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prison. ANS: B WS W S PTS: 2

6. It's even more important these days that your computer be protected by a firewall. There ar
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e criminal elements lurking in the shadows of cyberspace who send out probes to detect un
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protected PCs. Once a vulnerable computer is found, these criminals install software that a
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ssists them in committing ident ity theft and fencing stolen IDs. They also defraud online a
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dvertisers by usingTthese zombie compute rs to visit pay-per-click ads.
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a. Argument; conclusion: There are criminal elements ... to detect unprotected PCs.
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b. Argument; conclusion: Once a vulnerable computer ... fencing stolen IDs.
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c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also defraud ... to visit pay-per-click ads.
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e. Argument; conclusion: It's even more important ... protected by a fi
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rewall. ANS: E WS W S PTS: 2

7. The earth is of interest to astronomy for many reasons. Nearly all observations must be ma
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de through the atmosphere, and the phenomena of the upper atmosphere and theTmagnetosph
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ere reflect the state of interplanetary space. The earth is also the most important object of c
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omparison for planetologists. WS WS


Hannu Karttunen, et al., Fundamental Astronomy WS WS WS WS WS


a. Argument; conclusion: The phenomena ... state of interplanetary space.
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b. Argument; conclusion: The earth is also ... for planetologists.
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c. Argument; conclusion: The earth is of interest to astronomy.
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d. Nonargument.
e. Argument; conclusion: Nearly all observations ... through the atmosp
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here. ANS: C WS W S PTS: 2

8. If theTtrade in tiger products is banned, tiger reserves are guarded by well equipped staff, c
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ommunitie s abutting tiger habitat are given a stake in protecting tigers, and the makers of
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Straditional medicines c an be persuaded that tiger parts are not needed, then tiger poaching
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will be halted, habitat and life sus taining prey will beTrestored, and the immanent extinctio
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n of tigers in the wild will be averted.
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a. Nonargument.
b. Argument; conclusion: The trade in tiger products is banned.
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c. Argument; conclusion: Tiger poaching will be halted.
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