HESI EXAM QUESTIONS & ACCURATE
PASSED CORRECT ANSWERS 100%
Transverse (horizontal) plane - CORRECT ANSWER divides the patient's body into imaginary
upper (superior) & lower (inferior or caudal) halves
Sagittal (median) plane - CORRECT ANSWER divides the body, or any body part, vertically into
right & left sections
runs parallel to the midline of the body
Coronal (frontal) plane - CORRECT ANSWER Divides body vertically into front & back (anterior &
posterior) sections
runs vertically through the body at right angles to the midline
Anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER body is erect, feet are slightly apart, the head is held
high, & palms of hands are facing forward
Medial - CORRECT ANSWER nearer to the midline of the body
in anatomical position, the little finger is medial to the thumb
Lateral - CORRECT ANSWER refers to structures further away from the body's midline, at the
sides
in anatomical position, the thumb is lateral to the middle finger
Proximal - CORRECT ANSWER structures closer to the center of the body
the hip is proximal to the knee
,Distal - CORRECT ANSWER structures further away from the center of the body
knee is distal to the hip
Anterior - CORRECT ANSWER structures in front
Posterior - CORRECT ANSWER structures behind
Cephalad - CORRECT ANSWER & cephalic are adverbs meaning towards the head
cranial is subjective, meaning of the skull
Caudad - CORRECT ANSWER adverb meaning towards the tail of posterior
caudal is the adjective, meaning of the hindquarters
Superior - CORRECT ANSWER above, or closer to the head
Inferior - CORRECT ANSWER below, closer to the feet
Dorsal cavity - CORRECT ANSWER cranial & spinal cavities
Ventral cavity - CORRECT ANSWER orbits & the nasal, oral, thoracic, & abdominopelvic cavities
Cells - CORRECT ANSWER basic structural units of all organisms
contain DNA & RNA & can synthesize proteins
consists of nucleic acids, cytoplasm, cell membrane
,Single-celled organisms - CORRECT ANSWER single cell contains all of the components
necessary for life
Multicellular organisms - CORRECT ANSWER cells can become specialized
tissues - CORRECT ANSWER Groups of cells with a common structure and function
Organs - CORRECT ANSWER Groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
or related functions
Systems - CORRECT ANSWER groups of organs working together to perform complex functions
Organism - CORRECT ANSWER complete individual
4 types of tissues - CORRECT ANSWER muscle tissue, nerve tissue, epithelial tissue, connective
tissue
Muscle tissue - CORRECT ANSWER involved in body movement
tissue can be composed of skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells, or smooth muscle cells
smooth muscle tissue - provides tension in the blood vessels, control of pupil dilation, & aid in
peristalsis
ability to contract or shorten
Nerve tissue - CORRECT ANSWER located in the brain, spinal cord, nerves
Neuroglia - neurons & connective tissue cells that
Epithelial tissue - CORRECT ANSWER makes up the layers of the skin & various membranes
, cover, line, & protect the body & its internal organs
Connective tissue - CORRECT ANSWER framework of the body
support & structure for the organs
include bone tissue, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, fat, blood, & lymph
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER necessary for growth & repair
DNA is duplicated & distributed evenly to 2 daughter cells
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
Interphase - CORRECT ANSWER cell prepares for division by replicating its genetic &
cytoplasmic material
can be further divided into G₁, S, & G₂
Prophase - CORRECT ANSWER chromatin thickens into chromosomes & the nuclear membrane
begins to disintegrate
pairs of centrioles move to opposite sides of the cell & spindle fibers begin to form
mitotic spindle, formed from cytoskeleton parts, moves chromosomes around within the cell
Metaphase - CORRECT ANSWER spindle fibers move to the center of the cell & chromosome
pairs align along the center of the spindle structure
Anaphase - CORRECT ANSWER pairs of chromosomes, called sisters, begin to pull apart, & may
bend
when separated, they are called daughter chromosomes
grooves appear in the cell membrane
PASSED CORRECT ANSWERS 100%
Transverse (horizontal) plane - CORRECT ANSWER divides the patient's body into imaginary
upper (superior) & lower (inferior or caudal) halves
Sagittal (median) plane - CORRECT ANSWER divides the body, or any body part, vertically into
right & left sections
runs parallel to the midline of the body
Coronal (frontal) plane - CORRECT ANSWER Divides body vertically into front & back (anterior &
posterior) sections
runs vertically through the body at right angles to the midline
Anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER body is erect, feet are slightly apart, the head is held
high, & palms of hands are facing forward
Medial - CORRECT ANSWER nearer to the midline of the body
in anatomical position, the little finger is medial to the thumb
Lateral - CORRECT ANSWER refers to structures further away from the body's midline, at the
sides
in anatomical position, the thumb is lateral to the middle finger
Proximal - CORRECT ANSWER structures closer to the center of the body
the hip is proximal to the knee
,Distal - CORRECT ANSWER structures further away from the center of the body
knee is distal to the hip
Anterior - CORRECT ANSWER structures in front
Posterior - CORRECT ANSWER structures behind
Cephalad - CORRECT ANSWER & cephalic are adverbs meaning towards the head
cranial is subjective, meaning of the skull
Caudad - CORRECT ANSWER adverb meaning towards the tail of posterior
caudal is the adjective, meaning of the hindquarters
Superior - CORRECT ANSWER above, or closer to the head
Inferior - CORRECT ANSWER below, closer to the feet
Dorsal cavity - CORRECT ANSWER cranial & spinal cavities
Ventral cavity - CORRECT ANSWER orbits & the nasal, oral, thoracic, & abdominopelvic cavities
Cells - CORRECT ANSWER basic structural units of all organisms
contain DNA & RNA & can synthesize proteins
consists of nucleic acids, cytoplasm, cell membrane
,Single-celled organisms - CORRECT ANSWER single cell contains all of the components
necessary for life
Multicellular organisms - CORRECT ANSWER cells can become specialized
tissues - CORRECT ANSWER Groups of cells with a common structure and function
Organs - CORRECT ANSWER Groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
or related functions
Systems - CORRECT ANSWER groups of organs working together to perform complex functions
Organism - CORRECT ANSWER complete individual
4 types of tissues - CORRECT ANSWER muscle tissue, nerve tissue, epithelial tissue, connective
tissue
Muscle tissue - CORRECT ANSWER involved in body movement
tissue can be composed of skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells, or smooth muscle cells
smooth muscle tissue - provides tension in the blood vessels, control of pupil dilation, & aid in
peristalsis
ability to contract or shorten
Nerve tissue - CORRECT ANSWER located in the brain, spinal cord, nerves
Neuroglia - neurons & connective tissue cells that
Epithelial tissue - CORRECT ANSWER makes up the layers of the skin & various membranes
, cover, line, & protect the body & its internal organs
Connective tissue - CORRECT ANSWER framework of the body
support & structure for the organs
include bone tissue, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, fat, blood, & lymph
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER necessary for growth & repair
DNA is duplicated & distributed evenly to 2 daughter cells
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
Interphase - CORRECT ANSWER cell prepares for division by replicating its genetic &
cytoplasmic material
can be further divided into G₁, S, & G₂
Prophase - CORRECT ANSWER chromatin thickens into chromosomes & the nuclear membrane
begins to disintegrate
pairs of centrioles move to opposite sides of the cell & spindle fibers begin to form
mitotic spindle, formed from cytoskeleton parts, moves chromosomes around within the cell
Metaphase - CORRECT ANSWER spindle fibers move to the center of the cell & chromosome
pairs align along the center of the spindle structure
Anaphase - CORRECT ANSWER pairs of chromosomes, called sisters, begin to pull apart, & may
bend
when separated, they are called daughter chromosomes
grooves appear in the cell membrane
