MCB 100 FULL EXAM 1 (UIUC) QUESTIONS AND CORR
key cdistinction cof cmicroorganisms cfrom cother corganisms c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔microorganisms
ctissues
1 cmm c= c? cmicrons c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1000
1 cm c= c? cmm c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1000
1 cmicron c= c? cnm c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1000
"little cthings" csmall cto clarge c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔atoms c==> csmall cmolecules c(amino cacids, cn
cbiological cmacromolecules c(proteins, cnucleic cacids, cpolysaccharides, clipids) c==> csubcellular cst
cmicrotubules) c==> cRickettsia, cChlamydia, cMycoplasma, cand cNanobacteria c==> cmost cbacteria c
cflagellated cprotozoa c==> ctypical cplant cand canimal ccells, camoebae c==> cciliated cprotozoa c==> c
cmulticellular canimals)
subcellular caggregates cof cmolecules c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔viruses, cviroids, cprions
traits cof call cliving ccells c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cAble cto cgrow cand creproduce c(can cconvert cnon
ccytoplasm)
2. cGenetic cmaterial cis cDNA
3. cMetabolism
4. cAble cto cmake cor cacquire cATP
5. cAble cto csynthesize cproteins
6. cBound cby can cactive ccell cmembrane
function cof cribosomes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔read cmRNA cand csynthesize cproteins
traits cof cviruses c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cNot ccellular corganisms
2. cConsist cof csome cgenetic cmaterial, ceither cDNA cor cRNA, csurrounded cby ca ccoat cof cprotein c(c
3. cSome canimal cviruses chave ca cmembrane-like cenvelope cof clipids cand cproteins, cbut cmany cvir
4. cLack cribosomes cand ctRNAs c-- ccannot csynthesize cproteins con ctheir cown
5. cContain cfew cor cno cenzymes c-- clack cmetabolic cpathways
6. cLack cATP c-- cno cmeans cof cgenerating cATP
7. cObligate cintracellular cparasites c-- cmust cbe cinside chost ccell cto chave clife-like cfunctions
sizes cof cviruses cand cbacteria csmall c- clarge c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔hemoglobin c==> cPoliomyeliti
,bacteria
archaea
eukaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔have cnuclear cmembrane
protozoa
fungi
algae
eukaryote cribosome csize c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔80S
prokaryote cribosome csize c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔70S
structures cnot cfound cin cprokaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔nuclear cmembrane, cendoplasmic cret
cchloroplasts, cmembrane-bound corganelles, ccytoskeleton, cphagolysosomes, csnRNPs
chromosome cnumber cand cshape c- ceukaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔plural
linear
chromosome cnumber cand cshape c- cprokaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔single
circular
size c- ceukaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔mostly c4-20mm
size c- cprokaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔mostly c0.5-3mm
fungi c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Eukaryotic
Cell cwall c- cchitin
Not cphotosynthetic
Nutrient cmolecules cabsorbed cby cosmosis
Both csexual cand casexual creproduction
Most chave cmitochondria
Most cprefer caerobic cconditions
protozoa c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Eukaryotic
No ccell cwall
Not cphotosynthetic
Some cabsorb cnutrient cmolecules cby cosmosis, cothers cengulf cfood cparticles cby cphagocytosis
Both csexual cand casexual creproduction
Most chave cmitochondria
Most cprefer caerobic cconditions
algae c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Eukaryotic
Most chave ccell cwalls c- ccellulose
Photosynthetic
Both csexual cand casexual creproduction
Most chave cmitochondria
Most cprefer caerobic cconditions
Produce coxygen cand cfix ccarbon cdioxide
bactera c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Prokaryotic
Most chave ccell cwalls c- cpeptidoglycan
Some care cphotosynthetic, cmost care cnot
Some ccan cfix cnitrogen
Wide cvariety cof cmetabolic clifestyles
Lack ctrue csexual creproduction
, viroids c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Infections cparticles cseen cin cplants, csimilar cto cRNA cviruses cexcep
prions c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Infections cparticles
Lack cnucleic cacid
Altered cforms cof cnormal cproteins cthat cappear cto cbe cable cto cconvert cnormal cproteins cto can cab
Abnormal cform cof cprotein cis cassociated cwith cdisease
microbes care cfound... c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔wherever cthere cis cliquid cwater, can cenergy csource,
microbes care cthe cbasis cof... c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔food cchains
microbes care cessential cfor... c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔elemental crecycling cin cthe cenvironment
4 cquestions cdrove cthe cdevelopment cof cmicrobiology c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cCan cliving corgan
cgeneration?
2. cWhat ccauses cfermentation?
3. cWhat ccauses cdisease?
4. cHow ccan cwe cprevent cand ctreat cinfectious cdiseases?
scientific cmethod c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cObservations clead cto cthe cformation cof ca cquestion
2. cCreate ca chypothesis c- ca cpotential canswer cto cthe cquestion
3. cDesign cand cconduct cexperiments cto ctest cthe chypothesis
4. cBased con cthe cresults cof cthe cexperiments, cthe chypothesis cis crejected, cmodified, cor caccepted
Aristotle c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔350 cBC
living ccreatures ccan carise cby csexual creproduction, casexual creproduction, cand cspontaneous cgen
Girolamo cFracostoro c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1546
Germ ctheory cof cdisease
Robert cHooke c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1665
Describes ctissue cstructure cof ccork, cuses cterm c"cell"
Francesco cRedi c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1668
Complex canimals cdon't carise cdue cto cspontaneous cgeneration c- cmaggots cdon't cappear cspontan
Antony cVan cLeeuwenhoek c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1676
Observes cbacteria cand cprotozoans cusing ca csimple cmicroscope cof chis cown cconstruction
Revived cspontaneous cregeneration cdebate
Lazzaro cSpallanzani c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1776
Repeated cNeedham's cexperiments, cbut cavoided ccontamination cof chis cbroths cby cairborne cbacte
Sealed cflasks calso ckept cout coxygen.
Edward cJenner c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1789
Smallpox cvaccine
Thoedor cSchwann cand cMatthias cSchleiden c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1839
All cliving cthings care ccomposed cof ccells
Ignaz cSemmelweis c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1847
Institutes chandwashing c- cprocedure csaved clives, cbut cwasn't cpopular cwith cmedical cstudents
Florence cNightingale c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1855
key cdistinction cof cmicroorganisms cfrom cother corganisms c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔microorganisms
ctissues
1 cmm c= c? cmicrons c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1000
1 cm c= c? cmm c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1000
1 cmicron c= c? cnm c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1000
"little cthings" csmall cto clarge c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔atoms c==> csmall cmolecules c(amino cacids, cn
cbiological cmacromolecules c(proteins, cnucleic cacids, cpolysaccharides, clipids) c==> csubcellular cst
cmicrotubules) c==> cRickettsia, cChlamydia, cMycoplasma, cand cNanobacteria c==> cmost cbacteria c
cflagellated cprotozoa c==> ctypical cplant cand canimal ccells, camoebae c==> cciliated cprotozoa c==> c
cmulticellular canimals)
subcellular caggregates cof cmolecules c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔viruses, cviroids, cprions
traits cof call cliving ccells c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cAble cto cgrow cand creproduce c(can cconvert cnon
ccytoplasm)
2. cGenetic cmaterial cis cDNA
3. cMetabolism
4. cAble cto cmake cor cacquire cATP
5. cAble cto csynthesize cproteins
6. cBound cby can cactive ccell cmembrane
function cof cribosomes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔read cmRNA cand csynthesize cproteins
traits cof cviruses c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cNot ccellular corganisms
2. cConsist cof csome cgenetic cmaterial, ceither cDNA cor cRNA, csurrounded cby ca ccoat cof cprotein c(c
3. cSome canimal cviruses chave ca cmembrane-like cenvelope cof clipids cand cproteins, cbut cmany cvir
4. cLack cribosomes cand ctRNAs c-- ccannot csynthesize cproteins con ctheir cown
5. cContain cfew cor cno cenzymes c-- clack cmetabolic cpathways
6. cLack cATP c-- cno cmeans cof cgenerating cATP
7. cObligate cintracellular cparasites c-- cmust cbe cinside chost ccell cto chave clife-like cfunctions
sizes cof cviruses cand cbacteria csmall c- clarge c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔hemoglobin c==> cPoliomyeliti
,bacteria
archaea
eukaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔have cnuclear cmembrane
protozoa
fungi
algae
eukaryote cribosome csize c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔80S
prokaryote cribosome csize c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔70S
structures cnot cfound cin cprokaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔nuclear cmembrane, cendoplasmic cret
cchloroplasts, cmembrane-bound corganelles, ccytoskeleton, cphagolysosomes, csnRNPs
chromosome cnumber cand cshape c- ceukaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔plural
linear
chromosome cnumber cand cshape c- cprokaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔single
circular
size c- ceukaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔mostly c4-20mm
size c- cprokaryotes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔mostly c0.5-3mm
fungi c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Eukaryotic
Cell cwall c- cchitin
Not cphotosynthetic
Nutrient cmolecules cabsorbed cby cosmosis
Both csexual cand casexual creproduction
Most chave cmitochondria
Most cprefer caerobic cconditions
protozoa c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Eukaryotic
No ccell cwall
Not cphotosynthetic
Some cabsorb cnutrient cmolecules cby cosmosis, cothers cengulf cfood cparticles cby cphagocytosis
Both csexual cand casexual creproduction
Most chave cmitochondria
Most cprefer caerobic cconditions
algae c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Eukaryotic
Most chave ccell cwalls c- ccellulose
Photosynthetic
Both csexual cand casexual creproduction
Most chave cmitochondria
Most cprefer caerobic cconditions
Produce coxygen cand cfix ccarbon cdioxide
bactera c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Prokaryotic
Most chave ccell cwalls c- cpeptidoglycan
Some care cphotosynthetic, cmost care cnot
Some ccan cfix cnitrogen
Wide cvariety cof cmetabolic clifestyles
Lack ctrue csexual creproduction
, viroids c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Infections cparticles cseen cin cplants, csimilar cto cRNA cviruses cexcep
prions c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Infections cparticles
Lack cnucleic cacid
Altered cforms cof cnormal cproteins cthat cappear cto cbe cable cto cconvert cnormal cproteins cto can cab
Abnormal cform cof cprotein cis cassociated cwith cdisease
microbes care cfound... c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔wherever cthere cis cliquid cwater, can cenergy csource,
microbes care cthe cbasis cof... c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔food cchains
microbes care cessential cfor... c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔elemental crecycling cin cthe cenvironment
4 cquestions cdrove cthe cdevelopment cof cmicrobiology c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cCan cliving corgan
cgeneration?
2. cWhat ccauses cfermentation?
3. cWhat ccauses cdisease?
4. cHow ccan cwe cprevent cand ctreat cinfectious cdiseases?
scientific cmethod c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1. cObservations clead cto cthe cformation cof ca cquestion
2. cCreate ca chypothesis c- ca cpotential canswer cto cthe cquestion
3. cDesign cand cconduct cexperiments cto ctest cthe chypothesis
4. cBased con cthe cresults cof cthe cexperiments, cthe chypothesis cis crejected, cmodified, cor caccepted
Aristotle c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔350 cBC
living ccreatures ccan carise cby csexual creproduction, casexual creproduction, cand cspontaneous cgen
Girolamo cFracostoro c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1546
Germ ctheory cof cdisease
Robert cHooke c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1665
Describes ctissue cstructure cof ccork, cuses cterm c"cell"
Francesco cRedi c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1668
Complex canimals cdon't carise cdue cto cspontaneous cgeneration c- cmaggots cdon't cappear cspontan
Antony cVan cLeeuwenhoek c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1676
Observes cbacteria cand cprotozoans cusing ca csimple cmicroscope cof chis cown cconstruction
Revived cspontaneous cregeneration cdebate
Lazzaro cSpallanzani c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1776
Repeated cNeedham's cexperiments, cbut cavoided ccontamination cof chis cbroths cby cairborne cbacte
Sealed cflasks calso ckept cout coxygen.
Edward cJenner c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1789
Smallpox cvaccine
Thoedor cSchwann cand cMatthias cSchleiden c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1839
All cliving cthings care ccomposed cof ccells
Ignaz cSemmelweis c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1847
Institutes chandwashing c- cprocedure csaved clives, cbut cwasn't cpopular cwith cmedical cstudents
Florence cNightingale c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1855
