and answers rated A+
Communication - ANS ✔✔"the sharing of experience"
Why do we communicate? - ANS ✔✔It keeps you alive
It impacts everything
Doing it well is a skill
Employers value it
Human communication - ANS ✔✔The process of managing messages for the purpose of
creating shared meaning
A transaction between at least two people who are simultaneously sending/receiving messages
to and from one another
Messages - ANS ✔✔Verbal, nonverbal, unintentional, intentional
usually a blend
Channel - ANS ✔✔The medium through which a message is sent
Interference (noise) - ANS ✔✔Anything that distorts the information transmitted to the receiver
or distracts him/her from receiving it/understanding it
Feedback - ANS ✔✔The return to you of behavior you have generated
Reinforces some behaviors and extinguishes others
,Other factors of communication - ANS ✔✔Listening: critical aspect of message reception
Time: One of the most relevant variables in the study of communication
Intrapersonal communication - ANS ✔✔Within a person
Your own thoughts and internal workings
Interpersonal communication - ANS ✔✔Basic unit of communication
Communication with others; dyadic (at least 2 people)
Includes the most intimate relationships that we experience
Interviewing - ANS ✔✔Communication transaction that emphasizes questions and answers
Stylized communication with specific techniques
Small-group communication - ANS ✔✔3 or more members of a group exchanging verbal and
nonverbal messages in an attempt to influence one another
Intimacy, participation, and satisfaction are lower than in two person communication
Public communication - ANS ✔✔Public speaking
Public places, relatively formal; an event planned in advance with designated speakers
Clear-cut behavioral norms
Speaker must do more preparation
Organizational communication - ANS ✔✔The flow of messages within a network of
interdependent relationships
Businesses, hospitals, churches, governments, etc.
,Mass communication - ANS ✔✔Communication that is mediated through some print or
electronic medium
Intended for masses rather than individuals
Most formal and most expensive
Input - ANS ✔✔All of the stimuli, past and present, that give us our information about the world
Elements of effective communication - ANS ✔✔Hopeful outcomes:
Understanding
Pleasure
Attitude influence
Improved relationships
Action
The model of human communication - ANS ✔✔**See notes**
The field of communication has two approaches... - ANS ✔✔Humanistic and social scientific
Humanistic approaches - ANS ✔✔Rhetoric
Interpretivists
Critical scholars
Rhetoric - ANS ✔✔The use of language to persuade people
Ethos, pathos, logos
VERY subjective
, Social scientific approaches - ANS ✔✔Qualitative
Quantitative
Qualitative - ANS ✔✔Rigorous observational rules
Involves work "in the field"
Collect data that are rich is detail and description
In-depth interviews, ethnography, participant-observation
Quantitative - ANS ✔✔Seeks to uncover patterns in communication behaviors via numbers
Advanced statistical techniques and rigid testing to support/reject a hypothesis
In the field or in the lab
Quantitative data collection methods - ANS ✔✔Content analysis
Survey
Experiment
The scientific method - ANS ✔✔Ask question/state problem
Formulate hypothesis/research question
Think through/refine hypothesis or question
Design & conduct observation, measurement or experiment
Analyze and interpret data
The scientific method is.... - ANS ✔✔Empirical
Objective
Logical
Public