NREMT EMR EXAM 2025-2026 ACTUAL TESTBANK EXAM
500 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS COVERING THE MOST
FREQUENT TESTED QUESTIONS GUARANTEE A+ GRADE
After an advanced airway device has been inserted in a 6-month-old infant in cardiopulmonary arrest,
you should deliver ventilations at a rate of:
• A:6 to 8 breaths/min.
• B:10 to 12 breaths/min.
• C:8 to 10 breaths/min.
• D:12 to 20 breaths/min. - correct answer -The correct answer is C;
Reason:After an advanced airway device (eg, ET tube, multilumen airway, supraglottic airway) has
been inserted during cardiac arrest, ventilate the patient at a rate of 8 to 10 breaths/min (one breath
every 6 to 8 seconds). This ventilation rate applies to all age groups, except the newborn. Healthcare
providers often deliver excessive ventilation, particularly when an advanced airway device is in place.
Excessive ventilation (eg, hyperventilation) is detrimental because it causes an increase in intrathoracic
pressure, which impedes blood flow back to the heart and decreases coronary perfusion.
Hyperventilation also increases the risks of regurgitation and aspiration in the patient who does not
have an advanced airway in place.
A 9-year-old girl was struck by a car while she was crossing the street. Your assessment reveals a large
contusion over the left upper quadrant of her abdomen and signs of shock. Which of the following
organs has MOST likely been injured?
• A:Kidney
• B:Liver
• C:Pancreas
• D:Spleen - correct answer -You selected D; This is correct!
Reason:Abdominal trauma commonly occurs in children as the result of motor vehicle versus
pedestrian accidents. The contusions over the left upper quadrant and the signs of shock suggest
significant injury to the spleen. The liver lies in the right upper quadrant, and the pancreas and kidneys
,lie in the retroperitoneal space. Although the exact injury cannot be determined in the field, you must
treat the patient for shock and provide rapid transport.
A 7-year-old child has an altered mental status, high fever, and a generalized rash. You perform your
assessment and administer supplemental oxygen. En route to the hospital, you should be MOST alert
for:
• A:respiratory distress.
• B:combativeness.
• C:hypotension.
• D:convulsions. - correct answer -The correct answer is D;
Reason:High fever and an alerted mental status indicate sepsis (severe infection). A generalized
rash should alert you to the possibility of meningitis—a condition caused by infection and inflammation
of the meninges that protect the brain and spinal cord. Children with meningitis are at risk for seizures
(convulsions), usually due to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and/or high fever; therefore, you must
continually monitor the child's condition en route to the hospital and be prepared to treat seizures if
they occur. Remember that seizure deaths are caused by cerebral hypoxia. You should also be alert for
vomiting, which can jeopardize the airway. Hypotension can occur in patients with sepsis and should
also be of concern; however, seizures directly compromise adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
Supplemental oxygen via the blow-by technique is MOST appropriate for a child who presents with
respiratory difficulty and:
• A:is agitated, tachycardic, and clinging to his or her parent.
• B:has a heart rate of 70 beats/min and signs of physical exhaustion.
• C:is breathing with a significant reduction in tidal volume.
• D:has facial cyanosis and a decreased level of consciousness. - correct answer -You selected A; This is
correct!
Reason:If a child presents with respiratory difficulty, the method of oxygen delivery depends on his
or her mental status, respiratory effort, and heart rate. A child with respiratory distress has an increased
work of breathing, is agitated and tachycardic, and is clinging to his or her parent. Oxygen for a child
with respiratory distress should be given by the least threatening method. You should avoid further
agitation of the child, which may cause deterioration of his or her condition. Give the child oxygen via
the blow-by technique; allow the parent to hold the mask or oxygen tubing near the child's face. By
,contrast, respiratory failure in the child is characterized by a decreased level of consciousness, signs of
physical exhaustion, reduced tidal volume (shallow breathing), cyanosis, and bradycardia. Children with
respiratory failure need assisted ventilation with a bag-mask device and high-flow oxygen. Remember,
respiratory failure is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children
After the baby's head delivers, it is usually tilted:
• A:anteriorly, with the chin up.
• B:with the face up.
• C:posteriorly, to one side.
• D:posteriorly, face down. - correct answer -The correct answer is C;
Reason:As the baby's head begins to deliver, it is usually in a posterior, face down position. After
the head delivers completely, however, it usually tilts to the side in preparation for delivery of the
shoulders. Remember to check for the presence of a nuchal cord (umbilical cord wrapped around the
neck), and to suction the baby's mouth and nose as soon as its head delivers.
A 6-year-old boy complains of pain to the right lower quadrant of his abdomen. Assessment of this
child's abdomen should include:
• A:palpating the right lower quadrant first.
• B:auscultating bowel sounds for 2 minutes.
• C:avoiding palpation of the abdomen.
• D:palpating the left upper quadrant first. - correct answer -You selected D; This is correct!
Reason: When assessing the abdomen of any patient, you should determine the location of the
pain and palpate that area last. Begin by palpating the abdomen furthest away from the area of pain; in
this case, the left upper quadrant is furthest away from the right lower quadrant. Palpating the painful
area first will interfere with the rest of your assessment because the patient will be in significant pain
and will likely not remain still during the remainder of the assessment. This is especially true in children.
Auscultation of bowel sounds is generally not performed in the prehospital setting; little, if any,
information will be gained from doing so.
Treatment for a responsive 4-year-old child with a mild airway obstruction, who has respiratory distress,
a strong cough, and normal skin color, includes:
, • A:oxygen, back slaps, and transport.
• B:assisted ventilations, back slaps, and transport.
• C:subdiaphragmatic thrusts until the object is expelled.
• D:supplemental oxygen and transport. - correct answer -The correct answer is D;
Reason:If a child (1 year of age to the onset of puberty [12 to 14 years of age]) with a mild airway
obstruction is alert and has adequate air movement (ie, a strong cough, normal skin color), you should
offer oxygen, avoid agitating the child, and provide transport to the hospital. Attempts to relieve a mild
airway obstruction may result in a severe airway obstruction. If signs of a severe airway obstruction
develop, you must take immediate action to remove the object (eg, back slaps and chest thrusts in a
responsive infant; subdiaphragmatic [abdominal] thrusts in a responsive adult or child). Finger sweeps
are ONLY indicated if the patient is unresponsive and you can see the object in his or her mouth.
When is it MOST appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord?
• A:As soon as the cord has stopped pulsating
• B:Immediately following delivery of the newborn
• C:Before the newborn has taken its first breath
• D:After the placenta has completely delivered - correct answer -You selected A; This is correct!
Reason: Generally, it is safe to clamp and cut the umbilical cord once it has stopped pulsating and
the baby is breathing adequately. When blood flow through the umbilical cord ceases, it will stop
pulsating; this indicates that the baby is oxygenating its own blood. If the cord does not stop pulsating
and/or the baby is not breathing adequately, the cord should not be clamped and cut and the baby
should be kept at the level of the mother's perineum and managed appropriately while en route to the
hospital.
After attaching the AED to a 7-year-old child in cardiac arrest, you push the analyze button and receive a
shock advised message. After delivering the shock, you should:
• A:reanalyze the cardiac rhythm.
• B:immediately perform CPR.
• C:assess for a carotid pulse.
• D:open the airway and ventilate. - correct answer -You selected B; This is correct!
500 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS COVERING THE MOST
FREQUENT TESTED QUESTIONS GUARANTEE A+ GRADE
After an advanced airway device has been inserted in a 6-month-old infant in cardiopulmonary arrest,
you should deliver ventilations at a rate of:
• A:6 to 8 breaths/min.
• B:10 to 12 breaths/min.
• C:8 to 10 breaths/min.
• D:12 to 20 breaths/min. - correct answer -The correct answer is C;
Reason:After an advanced airway device (eg, ET tube, multilumen airway, supraglottic airway) has
been inserted during cardiac arrest, ventilate the patient at a rate of 8 to 10 breaths/min (one breath
every 6 to 8 seconds). This ventilation rate applies to all age groups, except the newborn. Healthcare
providers often deliver excessive ventilation, particularly when an advanced airway device is in place.
Excessive ventilation (eg, hyperventilation) is detrimental because it causes an increase in intrathoracic
pressure, which impedes blood flow back to the heart and decreases coronary perfusion.
Hyperventilation also increases the risks of regurgitation and aspiration in the patient who does not
have an advanced airway in place.
A 9-year-old girl was struck by a car while she was crossing the street. Your assessment reveals a large
contusion over the left upper quadrant of her abdomen and signs of shock. Which of the following
organs has MOST likely been injured?
• A:Kidney
• B:Liver
• C:Pancreas
• D:Spleen - correct answer -You selected D; This is correct!
Reason:Abdominal trauma commonly occurs in children as the result of motor vehicle versus
pedestrian accidents. The contusions over the left upper quadrant and the signs of shock suggest
significant injury to the spleen. The liver lies in the right upper quadrant, and the pancreas and kidneys
,lie in the retroperitoneal space. Although the exact injury cannot be determined in the field, you must
treat the patient for shock and provide rapid transport.
A 7-year-old child has an altered mental status, high fever, and a generalized rash. You perform your
assessment and administer supplemental oxygen. En route to the hospital, you should be MOST alert
for:
• A:respiratory distress.
• B:combativeness.
• C:hypotension.
• D:convulsions. - correct answer -The correct answer is D;
Reason:High fever and an alerted mental status indicate sepsis (severe infection). A generalized
rash should alert you to the possibility of meningitis—a condition caused by infection and inflammation
of the meninges that protect the brain and spinal cord. Children with meningitis are at risk for seizures
(convulsions), usually due to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and/or high fever; therefore, you must
continually monitor the child's condition en route to the hospital and be prepared to treat seizures if
they occur. Remember that seizure deaths are caused by cerebral hypoxia. You should also be alert for
vomiting, which can jeopardize the airway. Hypotension can occur in patients with sepsis and should
also be of concern; however, seizures directly compromise adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
Supplemental oxygen via the blow-by technique is MOST appropriate for a child who presents with
respiratory difficulty and:
• A:is agitated, tachycardic, and clinging to his or her parent.
• B:has a heart rate of 70 beats/min and signs of physical exhaustion.
• C:is breathing with a significant reduction in tidal volume.
• D:has facial cyanosis and a decreased level of consciousness. - correct answer -You selected A; This is
correct!
Reason:If a child presents with respiratory difficulty, the method of oxygen delivery depends on his
or her mental status, respiratory effort, and heart rate. A child with respiratory distress has an increased
work of breathing, is agitated and tachycardic, and is clinging to his or her parent. Oxygen for a child
with respiratory distress should be given by the least threatening method. You should avoid further
agitation of the child, which may cause deterioration of his or her condition. Give the child oxygen via
the blow-by technique; allow the parent to hold the mask or oxygen tubing near the child's face. By
,contrast, respiratory failure in the child is characterized by a decreased level of consciousness, signs of
physical exhaustion, reduced tidal volume (shallow breathing), cyanosis, and bradycardia. Children with
respiratory failure need assisted ventilation with a bag-mask device and high-flow oxygen. Remember,
respiratory failure is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children
After the baby's head delivers, it is usually tilted:
• A:anteriorly, with the chin up.
• B:with the face up.
• C:posteriorly, to one side.
• D:posteriorly, face down. - correct answer -The correct answer is C;
Reason:As the baby's head begins to deliver, it is usually in a posterior, face down position. After
the head delivers completely, however, it usually tilts to the side in preparation for delivery of the
shoulders. Remember to check for the presence of a nuchal cord (umbilical cord wrapped around the
neck), and to suction the baby's mouth and nose as soon as its head delivers.
A 6-year-old boy complains of pain to the right lower quadrant of his abdomen. Assessment of this
child's abdomen should include:
• A:palpating the right lower quadrant first.
• B:auscultating bowel sounds for 2 minutes.
• C:avoiding palpation of the abdomen.
• D:palpating the left upper quadrant first. - correct answer -You selected D; This is correct!
Reason: When assessing the abdomen of any patient, you should determine the location of the
pain and palpate that area last. Begin by palpating the abdomen furthest away from the area of pain; in
this case, the left upper quadrant is furthest away from the right lower quadrant. Palpating the painful
area first will interfere with the rest of your assessment because the patient will be in significant pain
and will likely not remain still during the remainder of the assessment. This is especially true in children.
Auscultation of bowel sounds is generally not performed in the prehospital setting; little, if any,
information will be gained from doing so.
Treatment for a responsive 4-year-old child with a mild airway obstruction, who has respiratory distress,
a strong cough, and normal skin color, includes:
, • A:oxygen, back slaps, and transport.
• B:assisted ventilations, back slaps, and transport.
• C:subdiaphragmatic thrusts until the object is expelled.
• D:supplemental oxygen and transport. - correct answer -The correct answer is D;
Reason:If a child (1 year of age to the onset of puberty [12 to 14 years of age]) with a mild airway
obstruction is alert and has adequate air movement (ie, a strong cough, normal skin color), you should
offer oxygen, avoid agitating the child, and provide transport to the hospital. Attempts to relieve a mild
airway obstruction may result in a severe airway obstruction. If signs of a severe airway obstruction
develop, you must take immediate action to remove the object (eg, back slaps and chest thrusts in a
responsive infant; subdiaphragmatic [abdominal] thrusts in a responsive adult or child). Finger sweeps
are ONLY indicated if the patient is unresponsive and you can see the object in his or her mouth.
When is it MOST appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord?
• A:As soon as the cord has stopped pulsating
• B:Immediately following delivery of the newborn
• C:Before the newborn has taken its first breath
• D:After the placenta has completely delivered - correct answer -You selected A; This is correct!
Reason: Generally, it is safe to clamp and cut the umbilical cord once it has stopped pulsating and
the baby is breathing adequately. When blood flow through the umbilical cord ceases, it will stop
pulsating; this indicates that the baby is oxygenating its own blood. If the cord does not stop pulsating
and/or the baby is not breathing adequately, the cord should not be clamped and cut and the baby
should be kept at the level of the mother's perineum and managed appropriately while en route to the
hospital.
After attaching the AED to a 7-year-old child in cardiac arrest, you push the analyze button and receive a
shock advised message. After delivering the shock, you should:
• A:reanalyze the cardiac rhythm.
• B:immediately perform CPR.
• C:assess for a carotid pulse.
• D:open the airway and ventilate. - correct answer -You selected B; This is correct!
