NREMT EMR EXAM 2025-2026 ACTUAL TESTBANK EXAM
500 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS COVERING THE MOST
FREQUENT TESTED QUESTIONS GUARANTEE A+ GRADE
Hypoglycemia and acute ischemic stroke can present similarly because:
• A:both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
• B:the majority of stroke patients have a history of diabetes.
• C:the most common cause of a stroke is hypoglycemia.
• D:they are both caused by low levels of glucose in the blood. - correct answer -• A:both oxygen and
glucose are needed for brain function.
Reason: Although stroke and hypoglycemia are two distinctly different conditions, their signs and
symptoms are often similar. This is because the brain requires both oxygen and glucose to function
normally. An acute ischemic stroke is caused by a lack of oxygen to a part of the brain due to a blocked
cerebral artery, whereas hypoglycemia (low blood glucose level) deprives the entire brain of glucose. In
either case, the patient presents with signs of impaired brain function (ie, slurred speech, weakness,
altered mental status). Both conditions may lead to permanent brain damage or death if not treated
promptly.
When dealing with an emotionally disturbed patient, you should be MOST concerned with:
• A:gathering all of the patient's medications.
• B:safely transporting to the hospital.
• C:whether the patient could harm you.
• D:obtaining a complete medical history. - correct answer -You selected C; This is correct!
Reason: When managing any patient with an emotional or psychiatric crisis, your primary concern
is your own safety. Safely transporting the patient to the hospital is your ultimate goal. If possible, you
should attempt to obtain a medical history and should take any of the patient's prescribed medications
,to the hospital. However, this should not supercede your own safety or interfere with safely
transporting the patient.
You are at the scene where a man panicked while swimming in a small lake. Your initial attempt to
rescue him should include:
• A:rowing a small raft to the victim.
• B:reaching for the victim with a long stick.
• C:throwing a rope to the victim.
• D:swimming to the victim to rescue him. - correct answer -You selected B; This is correct!
Reason: General rules to follow when attempting to rescue a patient from the water include
"reach, throw, row, and then go." In this case, you should attempt to reach the victim by having him
grab hold of a large stick or similar object. If this is unsuccessful, throw the victim a rope or flotation
device (if available). If these are not available, row to the patient in a small raft (if available). Going into
the water to retrieve the victim is a last resort. The rescuer must be a strong swimmer because patients
who are in danger of drowning are in a state of blind panic and will make every attempt to keep
themselves afloat, even if it means forcing the rescuer underwater.
How should you classify a patient's nature of illness if he or she has a low blood glucose level, bizarre
behavior, and shallow breathing?
• A:Behavioral emergency
• B:Altered mental status
• C:Respiratory emergency
• D:Cardiac compromise - correct answer -The correct answer is B;
Reason: The nature of illness (NOI) is the medical equivalent to mechanism of injury (MOI). Altered
mental status should be the suspected NOI in any patient with any fluctuation in level of consciousness,
which can range from bizarre behavior to complete unresponsiveness. Causes of an altered mental
status include hypo- or hyperglycemia, head trauma, stroke, behavioral crises, drug overdose, and
shock, among others.
,A young female is unresponsive after overdosing on an unknown type of drug. Her respirations are slow
and shallow and her pulse is slow and weak. Which of the following drugs is the LEAST likely cause of her
condition?
• A:Seconal
• B:Heroin
• C:Cocaine
• D:Valium - correct answer -The correct answer is C;
Reason: Of the drugs listed, cocaine would be the least likely cause of the patient's condition.
Cocaine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant; you would expect her to be hypertensive,
tachycardic, tachypneic, and perhaps even violent. Heroin, Valium, and Seconal are all CNS depressants
and could explain her condition. Heroin is an illegal narcotic (opiate), Valium is a benzodiazepine
sedative-hypnotic drug, and Seconal is a barbiturate. Narcotics, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates are
all CNS depressants.
When insulin levels in the blood remain high:
• A:a fruity odor can be detected on the patient's breath.
• B:glucose is rapidly taken out of the blood to fuel the cells.
• C:the patient urinates excessively and becomes dehydrated.
• D:the cells starve for glucose and begin to metabolize fat. - correct answer -The correct answer is B;
Reason:Insulin is a hormone that promotes the cellular uptake of glucose from the bloodstream. If
insulin levels remain high, such as when a diabetic inadvertently takes too much insulin, glucose is
rapidly taken out of the blood to fuel the cells. This leads to low circulating blood glucose levels
(hypoglycemia) and a condition called insulin shock. By contrast, if insulin levels are too low, such as
when a diabetic forgets to take his or her insulin, glucose cannot enter the cells and pools in the
bloodstream (hyperglycemia). In the absence of glucose, the cells begin to metabolize fat, which
produces ketoacids (diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA]). The respiratory system attempts to eliminate
ketoacids from the blood with an increased rate and depth of breathing that is accompanied by a fruity
or acetone breath odor (Kussmaul respirations). Hyperglycemia causes the patient to eliminate excess
water from the body through urination (diuresis), resulting in dehydration.
The bite of a brown recluse spider is characterized by:
• A:two small puncture marks, swelling, and delayed onset of pain.
• B:immediate pain, swelling at the site, and painful muscle spasms.
, • C:rapid swelling within 30 minutes and a decline in mental status.
• D:delayed onset of pain, swelling, and blister formation at the site. - correct answer -You selected D;
This is correct!
Reason:The venom of a brown recluse spider is cytotoxic; that is, it causes tissue and cellular
damage. The bite itself is usually painless; however, the patient typically begins to complain of pain
within a few hours. The area becomes swollen and tender, developing a pale, mottled, cyanotic center
and possibly a small blister. Over the next several days, a scab of dead skin, fat, and debris will form and
dig down into the skin, producing a large ulcer that may not heal unless promptly treated. The bite of a
brown recluse spider is very small; therefore, puncture marks are not visible. Unlike the brown recluse
spider, the black widow spider bite is characterized by immediate pain. Its venom is neurotoxic; that is,
it supresses the central nervous system. The patient typically complains of intense muscle spasms,
especially of the abdomen, and systemic signs of nervous system involvement (eg, dizziness, chest pain,
difficulty breathing).
Which of the following is the MOST significant finding in a patient experiencing an allergic reaction?
• A:Widespread rash.
• B:Abdominal cramps.
• C:Headache
• D:Hoarseness - correct answer -You selected D; This is correct!
Reason:A rash (urticaria), headache, abdominal cramps, and hoarseness are all signs of an allergic
reaction. However, the presence of hoarseness is the most significant finding because it indicates upper
airway swelling. Other significant findings include swelling of the face, neck, or tongue; wheezing and/or
stridor; difficulty breathing; tachycardia; and hypotension. Death due to a severe allergic reaction
(anaphylaxis) is caused by vascular collapse (caused by massive vasodilation) and respiratory failure
(caused by upper and/or lower airway swelling).
You receive a call to a restaurant where a 34-year-old man is experiencing shortness of breath. When
you arrive, you immediately note that the man has urticaria on his face and arms. He is conscious, but
restless, and is in obvious respiratory distress. You should:
• A:obtain a set of baseline vital signs and a SAMPLE history.
• B:place a nonrebreathing mask set at 15 L/min on the patient.
• C:ask the patient if he has an epinephrine auto-injector.
500 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS COVERING THE MOST
FREQUENT TESTED QUESTIONS GUARANTEE A+ GRADE
Hypoglycemia and acute ischemic stroke can present similarly because:
• A:both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
• B:the majority of stroke patients have a history of diabetes.
• C:the most common cause of a stroke is hypoglycemia.
• D:they are both caused by low levels of glucose in the blood. - correct answer -• A:both oxygen and
glucose are needed for brain function.
Reason: Although stroke and hypoglycemia are two distinctly different conditions, their signs and
symptoms are often similar. This is because the brain requires both oxygen and glucose to function
normally. An acute ischemic stroke is caused by a lack of oxygen to a part of the brain due to a blocked
cerebral artery, whereas hypoglycemia (low blood glucose level) deprives the entire brain of glucose. In
either case, the patient presents with signs of impaired brain function (ie, slurred speech, weakness,
altered mental status). Both conditions may lead to permanent brain damage or death if not treated
promptly.
When dealing with an emotionally disturbed patient, you should be MOST concerned with:
• A:gathering all of the patient's medications.
• B:safely transporting to the hospital.
• C:whether the patient could harm you.
• D:obtaining a complete medical history. - correct answer -You selected C; This is correct!
Reason: When managing any patient with an emotional or psychiatric crisis, your primary concern
is your own safety. Safely transporting the patient to the hospital is your ultimate goal. If possible, you
should attempt to obtain a medical history and should take any of the patient's prescribed medications
,to the hospital. However, this should not supercede your own safety or interfere with safely
transporting the patient.
You are at the scene where a man panicked while swimming in a small lake. Your initial attempt to
rescue him should include:
• A:rowing a small raft to the victim.
• B:reaching for the victim with a long stick.
• C:throwing a rope to the victim.
• D:swimming to the victim to rescue him. - correct answer -You selected B; This is correct!
Reason: General rules to follow when attempting to rescue a patient from the water include
"reach, throw, row, and then go." In this case, you should attempt to reach the victim by having him
grab hold of a large stick or similar object. If this is unsuccessful, throw the victim a rope or flotation
device (if available). If these are not available, row to the patient in a small raft (if available). Going into
the water to retrieve the victim is a last resort. The rescuer must be a strong swimmer because patients
who are in danger of drowning are in a state of blind panic and will make every attempt to keep
themselves afloat, even if it means forcing the rescuer underwater.
How should you classify a patient's nature of illness if he or she has a low blood glucose level, bizarre
behavior, and shallow breathing?
• A:Behavioral emergency
• B:Altered mental status
• C:Respiratory emergency
• D:Cardiac compromise - correct answer -The correct answer is B;
Reason: The nature of illness (NOI) is the medical equivalent to mechanism of injury (MOI). Altered
mental status should be the suspected NOI in any patient with any fluctuation in level of consciousness,
which can range from bizarre behavior to complete unresponsiveness. Causes of an altered mental
status include hypo- or hyperglycemia, head trauma, stroke, behavioral crises, drug overdose, and
shock, among others.
,A young female is unresponsive after overdosing on an unknown type of drug. Her respirations are slow
and shallow and her pulse is slow and weak. Which of the following drugs is the LEAST likely cause of her
condition?
• A:Seconal
• B:Heroin
• C:Cocaine
• D:Valium - correct answer -The correct answer is C;
Reason: Of the drugs listed, cocaine would be the least likely cause of the patient's condition.
Cocaine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant; you would expect her to be hypertensive,
tachycardic, tachypneic, and perhaps even violent. Heroin, Valium, and Seconal are all CNS depressants
and could explain her condition. Heroin is an illegal narcotic (opiate), Valium is a benzodiazepine
sedative-hypnotic drug, and Seconal is a barbiturate. Narcotics, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates are
all CNS depressants.
When insulin levels in the blood remain high:
• A:a fruity odor can be detected on the patient's breath.
• B:glucose is rapidly taken out of the blood to fuel the cells.
• C:the patient urinates excessively and becomes dehydrated.
• D:the cells starve for glucose and begin to metabolize fat. - correct answer -The correct answer is B;
Reason:Insulin is a hormone that promotes the cellular uptake of glucose from the bloodstream. If
insulin levels remain high, such as when a diabetic inadvertently takes too much insulin, glucose is
rapidly taken out of the blood to fuel the cells. This leads to low circulating blood glucose levels
(hypoglycemia) and a condition called insulin shock. By contrast, if insulin levels are too low, such as
when a diabetic forgets to take his or her insulin, glucose cannot enter the cells and pools in the
bloodstream (hyperglycemia). In the absence of glucose, the cells begin to metabolize fat, which
produces ketoacids (diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA]). The respiratory system attempts to eliminate
ketoacids from the blood with an increased rate and depth of breathing that is accompanied by a fruity
or acetone breath odor (Kussmaul respirations). Hyperglycemia causes the patient to eliminate excess
water from the body through urination (diuresis), resulting in dehydration.
The bite of a brown recluse spider is characterized by:
• A:two small puncture marks, swelling, and delayed onset of pain.
• B:immediate pain, swelling at the site, and painful muscle spasms.
, • C:rapid swelling within 30 minutes and a decline in mental status.
• D:delayed onset of pain, swelling, and blister formation at the site. - correct answer -You selected D;
This is correct!
Reason:The venom of a brown recluse spider is cytotoxic; that is, it causes tissue and cellular
damage. The bite itself is usually painless; however, the patient typically begins to complain of pain
within a few hours. The area becomes swollen and tender, developing a pale, mottled, cyanotic center
and possibly a small blister. Over the next several days, a scab of dead skin, fat, and debris will form and
dig down into the skin, producing a large ulcer that may not heal unless promptly treated. The bite of a
brown recluse spider is very small; therefore, puncture marks are not visible. Unlike the brown recluse
spider, the black widow spider bite is characterized by immediate pain. Its venom is neurotoxic; that is,
it supresses the central nervous system. The patient typically complains of intense muscle spasms,
especially of the abdomen, and systemic signs of nervous system involvement (eg, dizziness, chest pain,
difficulty breathing).
Which of the following is the MOST significant finding in a patient experiencing an allergic reaction?
• A:Widespread rash.
• B:Abdominal cramps.
• C:Headache
• D:Hoarseness - correct answer -You selected D; This is correct!
Reason:A rash (urticaria), headache, abdominal cramps, and hoarseness are all signs of an allergic
reaction. However, the presence of hoarseness is the most significant finding because it indicates upper
airway swelling. Other significant findings include swelling of the face, neck, or tongue; wheezing and/or
stridor; difficulty breathing; tachycardia; and hypotension. Death due to a severe allergic reaction
(anaphylaxis) is caused by vascular collapse (caused by massive vasodilation) and respiratory failure
(caused by upper and/or lower airway swelling).
You receive a call to a restaurant where a 34-year-old man is experiencing shortness of breath. When
you arrive, you immediately note that the man has urticaria on his face and arms. He is conscious, but
restless, and is in obvious respiratory distress. You should:
• A:obtain a set of baseline vital signs and a SAMPLE history.
• B:place a nonrebreathing mask set at 15 L/min on the patient.
• C:ask the patient if he has an epinephrine auto-injector.
