POLI 2051
POLI 2051 REVISED FINAL EXAM 2025
How did the expectations for the vice presidency change starting with Walter Mondale?
- Correct Ans-Presidents are more likely to use their vice presidents as close policy
advisers.
Many assume that presidents with high __________ are more effective leaders. -
Correct Ans-approval ratings
__________ is the approach to regulation in which the government tells business how
to meet certain goals, makes sure these directions are followed, and punishes those
who do not follow the orders. - Correct Ans-Command-and-control policy
What distinguishes the contemporary presidency from the institution originally
envisioned by the Framers of the Constitution? - Correct Ans-The contemporary
presidency is much more powerful.
__________ regulates industries using market-like strategies such as rewards. - Correct
Ans-An incentive system
What does the Twenty-Second Amendment do? - Correct Ans-limits the president's
terms of office
CHAPTER 15 QUIZ QUESTION - Correct Ans-(terms 28-39)
What has to happen in Congress in order for the president to be impeached and
removed from office? - Correct Ans-The House must impeach the president by a simple
majority; the Senate must convict with a two-thirds majority.
At President Roosevelt's urging, Congress passed dozens of laws designed to end the
Depression. Why did the Supreme Court initially overturn these New Deal policies? -
Correct Ans-The Court believed that federal intervention in the economy was
unconstitutional.
Which best describes a president's constitutional duty to Congress? - Correct Ans-The
president must give Congress an occasional update on the state of the union.
If a judge believes that she should defer to the decisions made by elected
representatives whenever possible, she likely believes in which of the following? -
Correct Ans-judicial restraint
POLI 2051
,POLI 2051
Which of the following citizens would be ineligible to become president? - Correct Ans-
someone who has already been elected president twice
In court rulings, reliance on past decisions to formulate decisions in new cases is known
as which of the following? - Correct Ans-stare decisis
Which of the following is a group of 15 presidential advisers that is too large, diverse,
and concerned with individual fiefdoms to effectively serve as a collective board of
directors, leaving ultimate decision-making authority with the president? - Correct Ans-
the cabinet
In which courts are the vast majority of all cases tried? - Correct Ans-state
Which of the following is a judicial power given to the president? - Correct Ans-
nominating federal judges
In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court first claim the right of judicial
review? - Correct Ans-Marbury v. Madison
Which of the following statements provides the best characterization of the members of
the White House staff? - Correct Ans-The White House staff is composed of advisers
who do whatever is in the best interest of the president.
Only __________ court can review the decisions of a lower court. - Correct Ans-an
appellate
Which presidential power is checked by required approval of the Senate with a two-
thirds vote? - Correct Ans-negotiating treaties with other nations
Proponents of which of the following believe that it is appropriate for judges to make
bold policy decisions when doing so is necessary to address pressing societal needs? -
Correct Ans-judicial activism
Why did Congress enact the War Powers Resolution? - Correct Ans-to limit the powers
of the president in the conduct of war
What is the name given to the power of the courts to determine whether the actions of
Congress and the executive branch are permissible under the Constitution? - Correct
Ans-judicial review
CHAPTER 14 QUIZ QUESTIONS... - Correct Ans-(terms 15-26)
Which of the following is an opinion written by a justice in the majority that outlines an
alternative basis for the decision? - Correct Ans-concurring
POLI 2051
,POLI 2051
Before 1883, how were federal government jobs awarded? - Correct Ans-Jobs were
awarded based on applicants' loyalty to the party in power.
Which of the following limits judicial power? - Correct Ans-stare decisis
How did the Pendleton Act reform the system of hiring and firing federal employees? -
Correct Ans-It required hiring and firing decisions to be based on merit rather than
partisan loyalty.
Who nominates judges to the U.S. district courts? - Correct Ans-the president
How do standard operating procedures influence bureaucratic decision making? -
Correct Ans-They promote uniform application of rules.
Who represents the federal government in appeals to the Supreme Court? - Correct
Ans-solicitor general
Max Weber identified which of the following as a characteristic of bureaucracy? -
Correct Ans-task specialization
CHAPTER 13 QUIZ QUESTIONS - Correct Ans-(terms 41-52)
Those who believe that regulations on business and industry are too numerous and too
complex are most likely to favor the policy of __________. - Correct Ans-deregulation
Financially, who benefits the most from the military-industrial complex? - Correct Ans-
defense contractors
What is a goal common to both the Pendleton Act and the Hatch Act? - Correct Ans-
reducing the influence of partisan politics on the federal bureaucracy
How might democracy distort budgeting? - Correct Ans-Politicians spend public funds
and give tax cuts to win votes.
What is implementation? - Correct Ans-the process of translating the goals and
objectives of a policy into an operating, ongoing program
In what sense is Social Security spending uncontrollable? - Correct Ans-Congress has
enacted laws that make Social Security payments automatic for all those who are
eligible.
Which of the following is a government corporation? - Correct Ans-the U.S. Postal
Service
POLI 2051
, POLI 2051
The fact that 43 percent of people filing income tax returns in 2013 paid no income tax
at all is partly explained by the fact that the income tax is __________. - Correct Ans-
progressive
Who are the three main players in an iron triangle? - Correct Ans-bureaucratic
agencies, interest groups, and congressional subcommittees
The increase in __________ threatens the viability of the intergenerational system for
funding Social Security. - Correct Ans-life expectancy
Why do Americans tend to think that red tape is more prevalent than it actually is? -
Correct Ans-Americans tend to notice the bureaucracy only when it is inefficient and not
when it works well.
The Social Security Act was enacted in __________. - Correct Ans-1935
The __________ Amendment permits Congress to levy income taxes. - Correct Ans-
Sixteenth
What is the national debt? - Correct Ans-all of the money the federal government has
borrowed and has not yet repaid
What is the purpose of continuing resolutions? - Correct Ans-to allow agencies to
continue to spend money even when Congress has not met its budgetary timetable
Which of the following best describes the executive branch's role in the budget process
before the Budget and Accounting Act of 1921? - Correct Ans-Executive branch
agencies sent budget requests to the secretary of the treasury.
Which of the following is the role of the Budget Committees and the Congressional
Budget Office? - Correct Ans-to advise Congress on consequences of its budget
decisions
__________ is an act of Congress that attempts to bind Congress to a total expenditure
level for all programs in a given year. - Correct Ans-A budget resolution
CHAPTER 16 QUIZ QUESTIONS - Correct Ans-(terms 54-65)
A __________ tax is one by which the government takes a greater share of the income
of the rich than of the poor. - Correct Ans-progressive
A __________ tax is one in which the burden falls relatively more heavily on low-income
groups than on wealthy taxpayers. - Correct Ans-regressive
If you subscribe to Keynesian economic policies, you are most concerned with
__________. - Correct Ans-unemployment
POLI 2051
POLI 2051 REVISED FINAL EXAM 2025
How did the expectations for the vice presidency change starting with Walter Mondale?
- Correct Ans-Presidents are more likely to use their vice presidents as close policy
advisers.
Many assume that presidents with high __________ are more effective leaders. -
Correct Ans-approval ratings
__________ is the approach to regulation in which the government tells business how
to meet certain goals, makes sure these directions are followed, and punishes those
who do not follow the orders. - Correct Ans-Command-and-control policy
What distinguishes the contemporary presidency from the institution originally
envisioned by the Framers of the Constitution? - Correct Ans-The contemporary
presidency is much more powerful.
__________ regulates industries using market-like strategies such as rewards. - Correct
Ans-An incentive system
What does the Twenty-Second Amendment do? - Correct Ans-limits the president's
terms of office
CHAPTER 15 QUIZ QUESTION - Correct Ans-(terms 28-39)
What has to happen in Congress in order for the president to be impeached and
removed from office? - Correct Ans-The House must impeach the president by a simple
majority; the Senate must convict with a two-thirds majority.
At President Roosevelt's urging, Congress passed dozens of laws designed to end the
Depression. Why did the Supreme Court initially overturn these New Deal policies? -
Correct Ans-The Court believed that federal intervention in the economy was
unconstitutional.
Which best describes a president's constitutional duty to Congress? - Correct Ans-The
president must give Congress an occasional update on the state of the union.
If a judge believes that she should defer to the decisions made by elected
representatives whenever possible, she likely believes in which of the following? -
Correct Ans-judicial restraint
POLI 2051
,POLI 2051
Which of the following citizens would be ineligible to become president? - Correct Ans-
someone who has already been elected president twice
In court rulings, reliance on past decisions to formulate decisions in new cases is known
as which of the following? - Correct Ans-stare decisis
Which of the following is a group of 15 presidential advisers that is too large, diverse,
and concerned with individual fiefdoms to effectively serve as a collective board of
directors, leaving ultimate decision-making authority with the president? - Correct Ans-
the cabinet
In which courts are the vast majority of all cases tried? - Correct Ans-state
Which of the following is a judicial power given to the president? - Correct Ans-
nominating federal judges
In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court first claim the right of judicial
review? - Correct Ans-Marbury v. Madison
Which of the following statements provides the best characterization of the members of
the White House staff? - Correct Ans-The White House staff is composed of advisers
who do whatever is in the best interest of the president.
Only __________ court can review the decisions of a lower court. - Correct Ans-an
appellate
Which presidential power is checked by required approval of the Senate with a two-
thirds vote? - Correct Ans-negotiating treaties with other nations
Proponents of which of the following believe that it is appropriate for judges to make
bold policy decisions when doing so is necessary to address pressing societal needs? -
Correct Ans-judicial activism
Why did Congress enact the War Powers Resolution? - Correct Ans-to limit the powers
of the president in the conduct of war
What is the name given to the power of the courts to determine whether the actions of
Congress and the executive branch are permissible under the Constitution? - Correct
Ans-judicial review
CHAPTER 14 QUIZ QUESTIONS... - Correct Ans-(terms 15-26)
Which of the following is an opinion written by a justice in the majority that outlines an
alternative basis for the decision? - Correct Ans-concurring
POLI 2051
,POLI 2051
Before 1883, how were federal government jobs awarded? - Correct Ans-Jobs were
awarded based on applicants' loyalty to the party in power.
Which of the following limits judicial power? - Correct Ans-stare decisis
How did the Pendleton Act reform the system of hiring and firing federal employees? -
Correct Ans-It required hiring and firing decisions to be based on merit rather than
partisan loyalty.
Who nominates judges to the U.S. district courts? - Correct Ans-the president
How do standard operating procedures influence bureaucratic decision making? -
Correct Ans-They promote uniform application of rules.
Who represents the federal government in appeals to the Supreme Court? - Correct
Ans-solicitor general
Max Weber identified which of the following as a characteristic of bureaucracy? -
Correct Ans-task specialization
CHAPTER 13 QUIZ QUESTIONS - Correct Ans-(terms 41-52)
Those who believe that regulations on business and industry are too numerous and too
complex are most likely to favor the policy of __________. - Correct Ans-deregulation
Financially, who benefits the most from the military-industrial complex? - Correct Ans-
defense contractors
What is a goal common to both the Pendleton Act and the Hatch Act? - Correct Ans-
reducing the influence of partisan politics on the federal bureaucracy
How might democracy distort budgeting? - Correct Ans-Politicians spend public funds
and give tax cuts to win votes.
What is implementation? - Correct Ans-the process of translating the goals and
objectives of a policy into an operating, ongoing program
In what sense is Social Security spending uncontrollable? - Correct Ans-Congress has
enacted laws that make Social Security payments automatic for all those who are
eligible.
Which of the following is a government corporation? - Correct Ans-the U.S. Postal
Service
POLI 2051
, POLI 2051
The fact that 43 percent of people filing income tax returns in 2013 paid no income tax
at all is partly explained by the fact that the income tax is __________. - Correct Ans-
progressive
Who are the three main players in an iron triangle? - Correct Ans-bureaucratic
agencies, interest groups, and congressional subcommittees
The increase in __________ threatens the viability of the intergenerational system for
funding Social Security. - Correct Ans-life expectancy
Why do Americans tend to think that red tape is more prevalent than it actually is? -
Correct Ans-Americans tend to notice the bureaucracy only when it is inefficient and not
when it works well.
The Social Security Act was enacted in __________. - Correct Ans-1935
The __________ Amendment permits Congress to levy income taxes. - Correct Ans-
Sixteenth
What is the national debt? - Correct Ans-all of the money the federal government has
borrowed and has not yet repaid
What is the purpose of continuing resolutions? - Correct Ans-to allow agencies to
continue to spend money even when Congress has not met its budgetary timetable
Which of the following best describes the executive branch's role in the budget process
before the Budget and Accounting Act of 1921? - Correct Ans-Executive branch
agencies sent budget requests to the secretary of the treasury.
Which of the following is the role of the Budget Committees and the Congressional
Budget Office? - Correct Ans-to advise Congress on consequences of its budget
decisions
__________ is an act of Congress that attempts to bind Congress to a total expenditure
level for all programs in a given year. - Correct Ans-A budget resolution
CHAPTER 16 QUIZ QUESTIONS - Correct Ans-(terms 54-65)
A __________ tax is one by which the government takes a greater share of the income
of the rich than of the poor. - Correct Ans-progressive
A __________ tax is one in which the burden falls relatively more heavily on low-income
groups than on wealthy taxpayers. - Correct Ans-regressive
If you subscribe to Keynesian economic policies, you are most concerned with
__________. - Correct Ans-unemployment
POLI 2051
