Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
Samenvatting ERP
1
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
Inhoud
1. Introduction to ERP............................................................................................. 4
1.1. Introduction to this course............................................................................4
1.2. Business processes...................................................................................... 4
1.3. VSM (value stream mapping).......................................................................6
1.4. ERP............................................................................................................... 7
1.5. SOD (Segregation Of Duties)........................................................................8
2. Sales and CRM.................................................................................................. 10
2.1. CRM............................................................................................................ 10
2.1.1. Pre-sale................................................................................................ 10
2.1.2. Commercial data (S&OP)......................................................................12
2.1.3. Data Management................................................................................ 12
2.2. MDM (master data management)..............................................................12
2.2.1. Customer Master Data.........................................................................12
2.2.2. Transactional data................................................................................ 13
2.3. CODP (customer order decoupling point)...................................................13
2.4. CLT (customer lead time)........................................................................... 14
2.5. EDI (electronic data interchange)...............................................................18
3. Introduction to purchase.................................................................................. 19
3.1. The process................................................................................................ 20
3.2. Requisition & selection............................................................................... 21
3.2.1. The importance of budgets..................................................................21
3.3. Purchase order........................................................................................... 22
3.3.1. Purchase order – creation.....................................................................22
3.3.2. Updated stock...................................................................................... 23
3.4. A special case............................................................................................. 23
3.4.1. Consignment........................................................................................ 23
3.5. Invoice........................................................................................................ 24
3.5.1. Three-way match goes wrong..............................................................25
3.6. Special cases.............................................................................................. 26
3.6.1. Self-billing............................................................................................ 26
3.6.2. Payment and reconciliation..................................................................26
3.6.3. Consignment........................................................................................ 26
3.6.4. SOD...................................................................................................... 27
4. Introduction to production................................................................................ 27
4.1. Forecasting................................................................................................. 28
2
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
4.1.1. S&OP forecasting................................................................................. 28
4.1.2. How to forecast.................................................................................... 28
4.2. Independent demand................................................................................. 29
4.3. Feasibility................................................................................................... 30
4.4. Independent demand part 2.......................................................................31
4.4.1. S&OP forecasting................................................................................. 31
4.5. Supply planning.......................................................................................... 32
4.5.1. Netting................................................................................................. 32
4.5.2. Desired end-stock................................................................................ 33
4.5.3. Demant type........................................................................................ 33
4.6. Replenishment strategies...........................................................................33
4.6.1. Replenishment strategy.......................................................................33
4.6.2. BOM explosion...................................................................................... 34
5. Production part 2.............................................................................................. 35
5.1. Release....................................................................................................... 36
5.1.1. Releasing production orders.................................................................36
5.2. Prepare....................................................................................................... 37
5.3. Stage.......................................................................................................... 38
5.3.1. The set-up............................................................................................ 38
5.4. Produce...................................................................................................... 38
5.4.1. OEE...................................................................................................... 38
5.5. Complete.................................................................................................... 40
5.5.1. Complete – yield booking – accounting:...............................................41
3
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
1. Introduction to ERP
1.1. Introduction to this course
What is a business process?
- Different processes
- To make a product
- To add value
Physical process and their documents:
1.2. Business processes
1) Presale: what does our customer want?
2) Salesorder
3) Is the product in the warehouse?
a. Product in stock, or
b. Product not in stock
When product is in stock
4) Pick and pack
5) Ship the goods
6) Invoice (and payment)
4
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
3-way match:
- I sold something
- I shipped it
- There is an invoice (not a payment, but an invoice. Important for
accounting)
3-sub processes
- Sales process
- Warehouse process
- Financial process
3 teams (people)
- Warehouse department
- Finance department
- Sales department
Typical exam question: 100% that he will ask an exam question on the three-way
match:
The three-way match is … (answer in ppt)
A. The matching of the order bill with the delivered goods and the invoice
B. The matching of the delivered goods with the invoice and the payment
C. The matching of the order bill with the delivered goods and the payment
D. The matching of the order bill with the invoice and the payment
Not stock!:
5
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
1.3. VSM (value stream mapping)
Information
Product
Time
Lead Time (LT) how long does it take to do something
Process Time (PT) = productive time = cycle time
The difference between LT and PT is the unproductive time
Ultimate goal:
- LT = PT
6
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
1.4. ERP
Operations departments = backbone department of the company
- Without support departments operations department wouldn’t be able
to function
- HR department
o Makes sure there are good employees
- Finance department
o Makes sure invoices are taken care of and so on
- Logistics department
o Makes sure goods are delivered on time in the right amount
ERP as solution:
- How to solve the problem of communication
o When new resources are needed, someone has to tell the purchase
department to buy, … everyone has to communicate with everyone.
- A lot of people need the same information, the ERP system makes sure
everyone has the right information or can find the information they need
- ERP also puts information in the system for certain departments that they
need but they didn’t have any knowledge of
o For example, when the stock in the warehouse is running low the
ERP system could alerts the sale department that they should buy
new materials
7
, Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
Advantages of ERP systems:
- To have a system that centralizes information, and allows people to
communicate over different departments
Big issue with ERP system who can put what in, if anyone can put anything in
its going to lead to problems.
If you work at the operations department, you shouldn’t be able to adjust or
change information of the accounting department
1.5. SOD (Segregation Of Duties)
A possibility how there could still be fraud:
- If, for example, Ann works at the finance department and she is in a loving
relationship with, for example, Dann of the logistics department. Dann
could manipulate Ann in changing the bank account number (where the
payments are received) to Dann’s personal bank account number without
the finance department knowing it.
- This would mean that the company would be selling goods and the
payments would be received by Dann.
How to prevent such things of happening: Master Data Management (MDM)
- This person will be responsible for all the data regarding the general
information of suppliers, clients …
- This is the person that will put in the bank account numbers, nobody els is
allowed to do this.
- This is the person that will add all the addresses in the system so that the
right addresses are in the system and cannot be tampered with
8
Samenvatting ERP
1
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
Inhoud
1. Introduction to ERP............................................................................................. 4
1.1. Introduction to this course............................................................................4
1.2. Business processes...................................................................................... 4
1.3. VSM (value stream mapping).......................................................................6
1.4. ERP............................................................................................................... 7
1.5. SOD (Segregation Of Duties)........................................................................8
2. Sales and CRM.................................................................................................. 10
2.1. CRM............................................................................................................ 10
2.1.1. Pre-sale................................................................................................ 10
2.1.2. Commercial data (S&OP)......................................................................12
2.1.3. Data Management................................................................................ 12
2.2. MDM (master data management)..............................................................12
2.2.1. Customer Master Data.........................................................................12
2.2.2. Transactional data................................................................................ 13
2.3. CODP (customer order decoupling point)...................................................13
2.4. CLT (customer lead time)........................................................................... 14
2.5. EDI (electronic data interchange)...............................................................18
3. Introduction to purchase.................................................................................. 19
3.1. The process................................................................................................ 20
3.2. Requisition & selection............................................................................... 21
3.2.1. The importance of budgets..................................................................21
3.3. Purchase order........................................................................................... 22
3.3.1. Purchase order – creation.....................................................................22
3.3.2. Updated stock...................................................................................... 23
3.4. A special case............................................................................................. 23
3.4.1. Consignment........................................................................................ 23
3.5. Invoice........................................................................................................ 24
3.5.1. Three-way match goes wrong..............................................................25
3.6. Special cases.............................................................................................. 26
3.6.1. Self-billing............................................................................................ 26
3.6.2. Payment and reconciliation..................................................................26
3.6.3. Consignment........................................................................................ 26
3.6.4. SOD...................................................................................................... 27
4. Introduction to production................................................................................ 27
4.1. Forecasting................................................................................................. 28
2
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
4.1.1. S&OP forecasting................................................................................. 28
4.1.2. How to forecast.................................................................................... 28
4.2. Independent demand................................................................................. 29
4.3. Feasibility................................................................................................... 30
4.4. Independent demand part 2.......................................................................31
4.4.1. S&OP forecasting................................................................................. 31
4.5. Supply planning.......................................................................................... 32
4.5.1. Netting................................................................................................. 32
4.5.2. Desired end-stock................................................................................ 33
4.5.3. Demant type........................................................................................ 33
4.6. Replenishment strategies...........................................................................33
4.6.1. Replenishment strategy.......................................................................33
4.6.2. BOM explosion...................................................................................... 34
5. Production part 2.............................................................................................. 35
5.1. Release....................................................................................................... 36
5.1.1. Releasing production orders.................................................................36
5.2. Prepare....................................................................................................... 37
5.3. Stage.......................................................................................................... 38
5.3.1. The set-up............................................................................................ 38
5.4. Produce...................................................................................................... 38
5.4.1. OEE...................................................................................................... 38
5.5. Complete.................................................................................................... 40
5.5.1. Complete – yield booking – accounting:...............................................41
3
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
1. Introduction to ERP
1.1. Introduction to this course
What is a business process?
- Different processes
- To make a product
- To add value
Physical process and their documents:
1.2. Business processes
1) Presale: what does our customer want?
2) Salesorder
3) Is the product in the warehouse?
a. Product in stock, or
b. Product not in stock
When product is in stock
4) Pick and pack
5) Ship the goods
6) Invoice (and payment)
4
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
3-way match:
- I sold something
- I shipped it
- There is an invoice (not a payment, but an invoice. Important for
accounting)
3-sub processes
- Sales process
- Warehouse process
- Financial process
3 teams (people)
- Warehouse department
- Finance department
- Sales department
Typical exam question: 100% that he will ask an exam question on the three-way
match:
The three-way match is … (answer in ppt)
A. The matching of the order bill with the delivered goods and the invoice
B. The matching of the delivered goods with the invoice and the payment
C. The matching of the order bill with the delivered goods and the payment
D. The matching of the order bill with the invoice and the payment
Not stock!:
5
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
1.3. VSM (value stream mapping)
Information
Product
Time
Lead Time (LT) how long does it take to do something
Process Time (PT) = productive time = cycle time
The difference between LT and PT is the unproductive time
Ultimate goal:
- LT = PT
6
,Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
1.4. ERP
Operations departments = backbone department of the company
- Without support departments operations department wouldn’t be able
to function
- HR department
o Makes sure there are good employees
- Finance department
o Makes sure invoices are taken care of and so on
- Logistics department
o Makes sure goods are delivered on time in the right amount
ERP as solution:
- How to solve the problem of communication
o When new resources are needed, someone has to tell the purchase
department to buy, … everyone has to communicate with everyone.
- A lot of people need the same information, the ERP system makes sure
everyone has the right information or can find the information they need
- ERP also puts information in the system for certain departments that they
need but they didn’t have any knowledge of
o For example, when the stock in the warehouse is running low the
ERP system could alerts the sale department that they should buy
new materials
7
, Arteveldehogeschool Thomas Baes 2025-2026
Advantages of ERP systems:
- To have a system that centralizes information, and allows people to
communicate over different departments
Big issue with ERP system who can put what in, if anyone can put anything in
its going to lead to problems.
If you work at the operations department, you shouldn’t be able to adjust or
change information of the accounting department
1.5. SOD (Segregation Of Duties)
A possibility how there could still be fraud:
- If, for example, Ann works at the finance department and she is in a loving
relationship with, for example, Dann of the logistics department. Dann
could manipulate Ann in changing the bank account number (where the
payments are received) to Dann’s personal bank account number without
the finance department knowing it.
- This would mean that the company would be selling goods and the
payments would be received by Dann.
How to prevent such things of happening: Master Data Management (MDM)
- This person will be responsible for all the data regarding the general
information of suppliers, clients …
- This is the person that will put in the bank account numbers, nobody els is
allowed to do this.
- This is the person that will add all the addresses in the system so that the
right addresses are in the system and cannot be tampered with
8
