Developmental Stages: Infancy to Adolescents
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
The clinic nurse is preparing to explain the concepts of Kohlberg's theory of moral development
with a parent. The nurse should tell the parent that which factor motivates good and bad
actions for the child at the preconventional level? - CORRECT ANSWERS Punishment and
reward
The maternity nurse is providing instructions to a new mother regarding the psychosocial
development of the newborn infant. Using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the
nurse instructs the mother to take which measure? - CORRECT ANSWERS Allow the
newborn infant to signal a need.
The nurse notes that a 6-year-old child does not recognize that objects exist even when the
objects are outside of the visual field. Based on this observation, which action should the nurse
take - CORRECT ANSWERS Report the observation to the health care provider.
A nursing student is presenting a clinical conference to peers regarding Freud's psychosexual
stages of development, specifically the anal stage. The student explains to the group that which
characteristic relates to this stage of development? - CORRECT ANSWERS This stage is
associated with toilet training.
The nurse is describing Piaget's cognitive developmental theory to pediatric nursing staff. The
nurse should tell that staff that which child behavior is characteristic of the formal operations
stage? - CORRECT ANSWERS The child has the ability to think abstractly.
The mother of an 8-year-old child tells the clinic nurse that she is concerned about the child
because the child seems to be more attentive to friends than anything else. Using Erikson's
psychosocial development theory, the nurse should make which response - CORRECT
ANSWERS "At this age, the child is developing his own personality."
, The nurse educator is preparing to conduct a teaching session for the nursing staff regarding the
theories of growth and development and plans to discuss Kohlberg's theory of moral
development. What information should the nurse include in the session? Select all that apply. -
CORRECT ANSWERS -Moral development progresses in relationship to cognitive
development.
-A person's ability to make moral judgments develops over a period of time
-The theory provides a framework for understanding how individuals determine a moral code to
guide their behavior
-In stage 2 (instrumental-relativist orientation), the child conforms to rules to obtain rewards or
have favors returned.
A parent of a 3-year-old tells a clinic nurse that the child is rebelling constantly and having
temper tantrums. Using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, which instructions should
the nurse provide to the parent? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWERS -Set limits on
the child's behavior.
-Provide a simple explanation of why the behavior is unacceptable.
A 4-year-old child diagnosed with leukemia is hospitalized for chemotherapy. The child is fearful
of the hospitalization. Which nursing intervention should be implemented to alleviate the
child's fears? - CORRECT ANSWERS Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child.
A 16-year-old client is admitted to the hospital for acute appendicitis and an appendectomy is
performed. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to facilitate normal growth and
development postoperatively? - CORRECT ANSWERS Allow the client to interact with
others in his or her (adolescent) same age group.
Which car safety device should be used for a child who is 8 years old and 4 feet tall? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Booster seat
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
The clinic nurse is preparing to explain the concepts of Kohlberg's theory of moral development
with a parent. The nurse should tell the parent that which factor motivates good and bad
actions for the child at the preconventional level? - CORRECT ANSWERS Punishment and
reward
The maternity nurse is providing instructions to a new mother regarding the psychosocial
development of the newborn infant. Using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the
nurse instructs the mother to take which measure? - CORRECT ANSWERS Allow the
newborn infant to signal a need.
The nurse notes that a 6-year-old child does not recognize that objects exist even when the
objects are outside of the visual field. Based on this observation, which action should the nurse
take - CORRECT ANSWERS Report the observation to the health care provider.
A nursing student is presenting a clinical conference to peers regarding Freud's psychosexual
stages of development, specifically the anal stage. The student explains to the group that which
characteristic relates to this stage of development? - CORRECT ANSWERS This stage is
associated with toilet training.
The nurse is describing Piaget's cognitive developmental theory to pediatric nursing staff. The
nurse should tell that staff that which child behavior is characteristic of the formal operations
stage? - CORRECT ANSWERS The child has the ability to think abstractly.
The mother of an 8-year-old child tells the clinic nurse that she is concerned about the child
because the child seems to be more attentive to friends than anything else. Using Erikson's
psychosocial development theory, the nurse should make which response - CORRECT
ANSWERS "At this age, the child is developing his own personality."
, The nurse educator is preparing to conduct a teaching session for the nursing staff regarding the
theories of growth and development and plans to discuss Kohlberg's theory of moral
development. What information should the nurse include in the session? Select all that apply. -
CORRECT ANSWERS -Moral development progresses in relationship to cognitive
development.
-A person's ability to make moral judgments develops over a period of time
-The theory provides a framework for understanding how individuals determine a moral code to
guide their behavior
-In stage 2 (instrumental-relativist orientation), the child conforms to rules to obtain rewards or
have favors returned.
A parent of a 3-year-old tells a clinic nurse that the child is rebelling constantly and having
temper tantrums. Using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, which instructions should
the nurse provide to the parent? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWERS -Set limits on
the child's behavior.
-Provide a simple explanation of why the behavior is unacceptable.
A 4-year-old child diagnosed with leukemia is hospitalized for chemotherapy. The child is fearful
of the hospitalization. Which nursing intervention should be implemented to alleviate the
child's fears? - CORRECT ANSWERS Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child.
A 16-year-old client is admitted to the hospital for acute appendicitis and an appendectomy is
performed. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to facilitate normal growth and
development postoperatively? - CORRECT ANSWERS Allow the client to interact with
others in his or her (adolescent) same age group.
Which car safety device should be used for a child who is 8 years old and 4 feet tall? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Booster seat
