6531 COMBINED MIDTERM AND FINAL
REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2025/2026.
A health care provider in a clinic finds a patient in a room, unresponsive and pale. Which sign
should be used to identify the need to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?
Evaluation of peripheral perfusion and level of consciousness
Obtaining a history of previous myocardial infarction
Determination of pulselessness or bradycardia
Assessment of gasping breaths or not breathing - ANS Assessment of gasping breaths or not
breathing
An African-American patient who is being treated with a thiazide diuretic for chronic
hypertension reports blurred vision and shortness of breath. The provider notes a blood
pressure of 185/115. What is the recommended action for this patient?
Increase the dose of the thiazide medication
Add a beta blocker to the patient's regimen
Admit to the hospital for evaluation and treatment
Prescribe a calcium channel blocker - ANS Admit to the hospital for evaluation and treatment
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,A patient reports sustained, irregular heart palpitations. What is the most likely cause of these
symptoms?
Atrial fibrillation
Anemia
Extrasystole
Paroxysmal attacks - ANS Atrial fibrillation
A patient has a cardiac murmur that peaks in midsystole and is best heard along the left sternal
border. The provider determines that the murmur decreases in intensity when the patient
changes from standing to squatting and increases in intensity with the Valsalva maneuver.
Which cause will the provider suspect for this murmur?
Aortic stenosis
Tricuspid regurgitation
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Mitral valve prolapse - ANS Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
A patient is brought to an emergency department with symptoms of acute ST-segment elevation
MI (STEMI). The nearest hospital that can perform percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is 3
hours away. What is the initial treatment for this patient?
Give the patient an oral beta blocker
Transfer to the PCI-capable institution
Administer heparin
Initiate fibrinolytic treatment - ANS Initiate fibrinolytic treatment
Patients who meet the criteria for statin therapy to help prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease are those with a history of (Select all that apply.)
previous myocardial infarction.
a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level >190 mg/dL.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,diabetes and an LDL between 40 and 70 mg/dL.
a 10 year risk score of 8% with an LDL of 80 mg/dL.
a 10 year risk score of 5% and an LDL of 165 mg/dL. - ANS previous myocardial infarction.
a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level >190 mg/dL.
a 10 year risk score of 8% with an LDL of 80 mg/dL.
A 75-year-old patient reports pain and a feeling of tiredness in both legs that only relieves after
sitting for 30 minutes or more. What the does provider suspect as the cause for these
symptoms?
Buerger's disease
Cauda equina syndrome
Diabetic neuropathy
Peripheral arterial disease - ANS Cauda equina syndrome
Which are causes of secondary hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
Oral contraceptives
Isometic excercises
NSAIDS
Sleep apnea
Increased salt intake - ANS Oral contraceptives
NSAIDS
Sleep apnea
A young female patient has known mitral valve prolapse. During a routine health maintenance
exam, the provider notes an apical systolic murmur and a midsystolic click on auscultation. The
patient denies chest pain, syncope, or palpitations. What will the provider do?
Reassure the patient that these findings are expected
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Continue to monitor the patient every 3 years
Admit the patient to the hospital for evaluation and treatment
Consult with cardiology to determine appropriate diagnostic tests - ANS Consult with
cardiology to determine appropriate diagnostic tests
A patient reports abdominal and back pain with anorexia and nausea. During an exam, the
provider notes a pulsatile abdominal mass. What is the initial action?
Scheduling an MRI to evaluate for aortic disease
Immediate referral to a thoracic surgeon
US of the mass to determine size
Ordering CT angiography - ANS US of the mass to determine size
A patient is brought to an emergency department with symptoms of acute ST-segment
elevations MI (STEMI). The nearest hospital that can perform percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI) is 3 hours away. What is the initial treatment for this patient?
Give the patient an oral beta blocker
Initiate fibrinolytic treatment
Administer heparin
Transfer to the PCI-capable institution - ANS Initiate fibrinolytic treatment
A 55-year-old patient has a blood pressure of 138/85 on three occasions. The patient denies
headaches, palpitations, snoring, muscle weakness, and nocturia and does not take any
medications. What will the provider do next to evaluate this patient?
Continue to monitor blood pressure at each health maintenance visit
Assess serum cortisol levels
Order urinalysis, CBC, BUN and creatinine
Refer to specialist for sleep study - ANS Order urinalysis, CBC, BUN and creatinine
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2025/2026.
A health care provider in a clinic finds a patient in a room, unresponsive and pale. Which sign
should be used to identify the need to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?
Evaluation of peripheral perfusion and level of consciousness
Obtaining a history of previous myocardial infarction
Determination of pulselessness or bradycardia
Assessment of gasping breaths or not breathing - ANS Assessment of gasping breaths or not
breathing
An African-American patient who is being treated with a thiazide diuretic for chronic
hypertension reports blurred vision and shortness of breath. The provider notes a blood
pressure of 185/115. What is the recommended action for this patient?
Increase the dose of the thiazide medication
Add a beta blocker to the patient's regimen
Admit to the hospital for evaluation and treatment
Prescribe a calcium channel blocker - ANS Admit to the hospital for evaluation and treatment
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,A patient reports sustained, irregular heart palpitations. What is the most likely cause of these
symptoms?
Atrial fibrillation
Anemia
Extrasystole
Paroxysmal attacks - ANS Atrial fibrillation
A patient has a cardiac murmur that peaks in midsystole and is best heard along the left sternal
border. The provider determines that the murmur decreases in intensity when the patient
changes from standing to squatting and increases in intensity with the Valsalva maneuver.
Which cause will the provider suspect for this murmur?
Aortic stenosis
Tricuspid regurgitation
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Mitral valve prolapse - ANS Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
A patient is brought to an emergency department with symptoms of acute ST-segment elevation
MI (STEMI). The nearest hospital that can perform percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is 3
hours away. What is the initial treatment for this patient?
Give the patient an oral beta blocker
Transfer to the PCI-capable institution
Administer heparin
Initiate fibrinolytic treatment - ANS Initiate fibrinolytic treatment
Patients who meet the criteria for statin therapy to help prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease are those with a history of (Select all that apply.)
previous myocardial infarction.
a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level >190 mg/dL.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,diabetes and an LDL between 40 and 70 mg/dL.
a 10 year risk score of 8% with an LDL of 80 mg/dL.
a 10 year risk score of 5% and an LDL of 165 mg/dL. - ANS previous myocardial infarction.
a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level >190 mg/dL.
a 10 year risk score of 8% with an LDL of 80 mg/dL.
A 75-year-old patient reports pain and a feeling of tiredness in both legs that only relieves after
sitting for 30 minutes or more. What the does provider suspect as the cause for these
symptoms?
Buerger's disease
Cauda equina syndrome
Diabetic neuropathy
Peripheral arterial disease - ANS Cauda equina syndrome
Which are causes of secondary hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
Oral contraceptives
Isometic excercises
NSAIDS
Sleep apnea
Increased salt intake - ANS Oral contraceptives
NSAIDS
Sleep apnea
A young female patient has known mitral valve prolapse. During a routine health maintenance
exam, the provider notes an apical systolic murmur and a midsystolic click on auscultation. The
patient denies chest pain, syncope, or palpitations. What will the provider do?
Reassure the patient that these findings are expected
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Continue to monitor the patient every 3 years
Admit the patient to the hospital for evaluation and treatment
Consult with cardiology to determine appropriate diagnostic tests - ANS Consult with
cardiology to determine appropriate diagnostic tests
A patient reports abdominal and back pain with anorexia and nausea. During an exam, the
provider notes a pulsatile abdominal mass. What is the initial action?
Scheduling an MRI to evaluate for aortic disease
Immediate referral to a thoracic surgeon
US of the mass to determine size
Ordering CT angiography - ANS US of the mass to determine size
A patient is brought to an emergency department with symptoms of acute ST-segment
elevations MI (STEMI). The nearest hospital that can perform percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI) is 3 hours away. What is the initial treatment for this patient?
Give the patient an oral beta blocker
Initiate fibrinolytic treatment
Administer heparin
Transfer to the PCI-capable institution - ANS Initiate fibrinolytic treatment
A 55-year-old patient has a blood pressure of 138/85 on three occasions. The patient denies
headaches, palpitations, snoring, muscle weakness, and nocturia and does not take any
medications. What will the provider do next to evaluate this patient?
Continue to monitor blood pressure at each health maintenance visit
Assess serum cortisol levels
Order urinalysis, CBC, BUN and creatinine
Refer to specialist for sleep study - ANS Order urinalysis, CBC, BUN and creatinine
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
