Nursing – Microbiology, A&P, and Foundational
Sciences 2026 Anatomy & Physiology I with Lab
Study Guide — Full Systems Learning Manual
1. What is the study of the structure of the body and its parts?
• A) Pathology
• B) Physiology
• C) Anatomy
• D) Histology
2. What is the study of the function of the body and its parts?
• A) Anatomy
• B) Physiology
• C) Embryology
• D) Cytology
3. Which level of organization is the most basic unit of life?
• A) Tissue
• B) Organ
• C) Cellular
• D) Chemical
4. The term "anterior" refers to which directional location?
• A) Back
• B) Front
• C) Above
• D) Below
5. Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
• A) Sagittal
, • B) Midsagittal
• C) Transverse (Horizontal)
• D) Frontal (Coronal)
6. The thoracic cavity contains which of the following?
• A) Brain
• B) Liver
• C) Heart and Lungs
• D) Urinary bladder
7. Which term describes a position closer to the point of attachment or trunk?
• A) Lateral
• B) Distal
• C) Proximal
• D) Superficial
8. Homeostasis primarily refers to:
• A) Rapid growth
• B) Maintenance of a stable internal environment
• C) Production of hormones
• D) Breakdown of nutrients
9. Which feedback loop amplifies a change away from a set point?
• A) Positive feedback
• B) Negative feedback
• C) Neutral feedback
• D) Equilibrium feedback
10. The dorsal body cavity contains which structures?
• A) Lungs
• B) Digestive organs
, • C) Brain and Spinal Cord
• D) Heart
Section 2: The Chemical Basis of Life (Q11-20)
11. The most abundant compound in the human body is:
• A) Protein
• B) Lipid
• C) Water
• D) Carbohydrate
12. A substance with a pH of 2 is considered:
• A) Strongly acidic
• B) Weakly acidic
• C) Neutral
• D) Basic
13. Which organic compound is the primary source of quick energy for cells?
• A) Lipids
• B) Nucleic Acids
• C) Proteins
• D) Carbohydrates
14. The monomer (building block) of a protein is:
• A) Monosaccharide
• B) Fatty Acid
• C) Nucleotide
• D) Amino Acid
15. What type of bond holds amino acids together in a protein?
• A) Ionic bond
, • B) Peptide bond
• C) Hydrogen bond
• D) Phosphodiester bond
16. DNA and RNA are examples of which class of macromolecules?
• A) Carbohydrates
• B) Lipids
• C) Proteins
• D) Nucleic Acids
17. Which of the following is a key component of cell membranes?
• A) Cholesterol
• B) Phospholipids
• C) Starch
• D) Keratin
18. An enzyme is best described as a:
• A) Energy storage molecule
• B) Biological catalyst
• C) Genetic material
• D) Structural fiber
19. ATP is the primary molecule for:
• A) Genetic storage
• B) Structural support
• C) Cellular energy transfer
• D) Hormonal signaling
20. Dehydration synthesis reactions result in:
• A) Breaking down molecules using water
Sciences 2026 Anatomy & Physiology I with Lab
Study Guide — Full Systems Learning Manual
1. What is the study of the structure of the body and its parts?
• A) Pathology
• B) Physiology
• C) Anatomy
• D) Histology
2. What is the study of the function of the body and its parts?
• A) Anatomy
• B) Physiology
• C) Embryology
• D) Cytology
3. Which level of organization is the most basic unit of life?
• A) Tissue
• B) Organ
• C) Cellular
• D) Chemical
4. The term "anterior" refers to which directional location?
• A) Back
• B) Front
• C) Above
• D) Below
5. Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
• A) Sagittal
, • B) Midsagittal
• C) Transverse (Horizontal)
• D) Frontal (Coronal)
6. The thoracic cavity contains which of the following?
• A) Brain
• B) Liver
• C) Heart and Lungs
• D) Urinary bladder
7. Which term describes a position closer to the point of attachment or trunk?
• A) Lateral
• B) Distal
• C) Proximal
• D) Superficial
8. Homeostasis primarily refers to:
• A) Rapid growth
• B) Maintenance of a stable internal environment
• C) Production of hormones
• D) Breakdown of nutrients
9. Which feedback loop amplifies a change away from a set point?
• A) Positive feedback
• B) Negative feedback
• C) Neutral feedback
• D) Equilibrium feedback
10. The dorsal body cavity contains which structures?
• A) Lungs
• B) Digestive organs
, • C) Brain and Spinal Cord
• D) Heart
Section 2: The Chemical Basis of Life (Q11-20)
11. The most abundant compound in the human body is:
• A) Protein
• B) Lipid
• C) Water
• D) Carbohydrate
12. A substance with a pH of 2 is considered:
• A) Strongly acidic
• B) Weakly acidic
• C) Neutral
• D) Basic
13. Which organic compound is the primary source of quick energy for cells?
• A) Lipids
• B) Nucleic Acids
• C) Proteins
• D) Carbohydrates
14. The monomer (building block) of a protein is:
• A) Monosaccharide
• B) Fatty Acid
• C) Nucleotide
• D) Amino Acid
15. What type of bond holds amino acids together in a protein?
• A) Ionic bond
, • B) Peptide bond
• C) Hydrogen bond
• D) Phosphodiester bond
16. DNA and RNA are examples of which class of macromolecules?
• A) Carbohydrates
• B) Lipids
• C) Proteins
• D) Nucleic Acids
17. Which of the following is a key component of cell membranes?
• A) Cholesterol
• B) Phospholipids
• C) Starch
• D) Keratin
18. An enzyme is best described as a:
• A) Energy storage molecule
• B) Biological catalyst
• C) Genetic material
• D) Structural fiber
19. ATP is the primary molecule for:
• A) Genetic storage
• B) Structural support
• C) Cellular energy transfer
• D) Hormonal signaling
20. Dehydration synthesis reactions result in:
• A) Breaking down molecules using water
