ITM 207 Exam – Questions With Accurate Answers
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Terms in this set (217)
Byte 8 bits
- determined by the number of bits in a word
wordlength of a computer - usually a multiple of 8 (ex. 32-bit machine, 64-bit
machine)
- computer storage units
- 1 or 0
Bit / Binary Digit
- base 2
A = 10
B = 11
C = 12
digits for bases 10 or higher
D = 13
E = 14
F = 15
Ex. 642 in base 10
= 6(10^2) + 6(10^1) + 6(10^0)
positional notation
*start counting positions from 0,
from LEFT to RIGHT
- determines the number of different digit symbols and
the values of digit positions
base - numbers that include the base, or a greater number,
do not exist in that base
(ex. 372 does not exist in base 7, or base 3 or base 2)
- natural numbers
- negative number
integer
(ex. 249, -3, 0, 1 , -2)
, - an integer or the quotient of two integers (fraction)
rational number
(ex. -2/5, 3/6, 0, -1, -249)
zero and any counter numbers (numbers you can count
with ur fingers)
natural number
(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...)
values less than 0, with - sign
negative number
(-1, -2, -3, -4)
- computers
- store, present & modify:
↳ numbers
↳ text
multimedia devices
↳ audio
↳ images & graphics
↳ video
- stored as bits
reducing space needed to store a piece of data or the
data compression
bandwidth to transmit it
compression ratio compressed data ⌹ original data
data can be retrieved without any loss of original
lossless compression
information
some information may be lost in process of
lossy compression
compression
↳ continuous representation
↳ analogous to the actual
information it represents
analog data ↳ computers don't work well with
analog so data must be digitized
(ex. thermometer)
- discrete representation
- breaks info up into separate
digital data
elements & represents them
separately (digitizing)
, ↳ type of electronic signal
↳ voltage continually fluctuates
analog signal
up and down
↳ has only a high or low state,
corresponding to the two binary
digital signal
digits (1, 0)
voltage ↳ fluctuates due to environmental effects
periodically, a digital signal is relocked to regain its
relocking
original signal when it degrades
↳ the normal way humans look at
positive and negative numbers
↳ the sign (-/+) indicates the
ordering of the number and the
signed-magnitude digit represents the magnitude
representation
PROBLEM:
↳ two zeroes (positive and
negative) → hard for computers
to understand
↳ half of the natural numbers will
new scheme of
represent positive numbers and
representing negative
the other half will represent
values
negative numbers
↳ used to compute the
representation of a negative
number from base 10
Negative (integer) = 10^k -
integer
ten's complement formula
↳ k = number of digits
METHOD 2:
1. subtract the number from 9999
(9's complement)
2. add 1 to it
Save
Terms in this set (217)
Byte 8 bits
- determined by the number of bits in a word
wordlength of a computer - usually a multiple of 8 (ex. 32-bit machine, 64-bit
machine)
- computer storage units
- 1 or 0
Bit / Binary Digit
- base 2
A = 10
B = 11
C = 12
digits for bases 10 or higher
D = 13
E = 14
F = 15
Ex. 642 in base 10
= 6(10^2) + 6(10^1) + 6(10^0)
positional notation
*start counting positions from 0,
from LEFT to RIGHT
- determines the number of different digit symbols and
the values of digit positions
base - numbers that include the base, or a greater number,
do not exist in that base
(ex. 372 does not exist in base 7, or base 3 or base 2)
- natural numbers
- negative number
integer
(ex. 249, -3, 0, 1 , -2)
, - an integer or the quotient of two integers (fraction)
rational number
(ex. -2/5, 3/6, 0, -1, -249)
zero and any counter numbers (numbers you can count
with ur fingers)
natural number
(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...)
values less than 0, with - sign
negative number
(-1, -2, -3, -4)
- computers
- store, present & modify:
↳ numbers
↳ text
multimedia devices
↳ audio
↳ images & graphics
↳ video
- stored as bits
reducing space needed to store a piece of data or the
data compression
bandwidth to transmit it
compression ratio compressed data ⌹ original data
data can be retrieved without any loss of original
lossless compression
information
some information may be lost in process of
lossy compression
compression
↳ continuous representation
↳ analogous to the actual
information it represents
analog data ↳ computers don't work well with
analog so data must be digitized
(ex. thermometer)
- discrete representation
- breaks info up into separate
digital data
elements & represents them
separately (digitizing)
, ↳ type of electronic signal
↳ voltage continually fluctuates
analog signal
up and down
↳ has only a high or low state,
corresponding to the two binary
digital signal
digits (1, 0)
voltage ↳ fluctuates due to environmental effects
periodically, a digital signal is relocked to regain its
relocking
original signal when it degrades
↳ the normal way humans look at
positive and negative numbers
↳ the sign (-/+) indicates the
ordering of the number and the
signed-magnitude digit represents the magnitude
representation
PROBLEM:
↳ two zeroes (positive and
negative) → hard for computers
to understand
↳ half of the natural numbers will
new scheme of
represent positive numbers and
representing negative
the other half will represent
values
negative numbers
↳ used to compute the
representation of a negative
number from base 10
Negative (integer) = 10^k -
integer
ten's complement formula
↳ k = number of digits
METHOD 2:
1. subtract the number from 9999
(9's complement)
2. add 1 to it
