Bio 181 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
Cancer any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell
division
Cell (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
Cell theory (biology) the theory that cells form the fundamental structural and functional
units of all living organisms
Cell wall a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell
Chloroplast an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
Cilia The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner
Cytoplasm a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
Cytoskeleton network of proteins in the cytoplasm that help cell maintain its shape
Cytosol the semifluid portion of the cytoplasm
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines
inherited characteristics
, Electron microscope instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify
structures up to 500,000 times actual size; allows scientists to view structures within a cell
Endomembrane system The collection of membranes inside and around a eukaryotic cell
Endoplasmic reticulum internal transport system of the cell, modifies proteins, and
synthesizes lipids
Eukaryote A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Extracellular matrix The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded, consisting
of protein and polysaccharides.
Flagella whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
Golgi apparatus stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Light microscope microscope that uses a beam of light passing through one or more
lenses to magnify an object
Lysosome cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in
the cell
Microfilament solid rod of protein, thinner than a microtubule, that enables a cell to
move or change shape
Microtubule thin, hollow cylinders made of protein that provide structural support for
eukaryotic cells
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
Cancer any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell
division
Cell (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
Cell theory (biology) the theory that cells form the fundamental structural and functional
units of all living organisms
Cell wall a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell
Chloroplast an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
Cilia The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner
Cytoplasm a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
Cytoskeleton network of proteins in the cytoplasm that help cell maintain its shape
Cytosol the semifluid portion of the cytoplasm
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines
inherited characteristics
, Electron microscope instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify
structures up to 500,000 times actual size; allows scientists to view structures within a cell
Endomembrane system The collection of membranes inside and around a eukaryotic cell
Endoplasmic reticulum internal transport system of the cell, modifies proteins, and
synthesizes lipids
Eukaryote A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Extracellular matrix The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded, consisting
of protein and polysaccharides.
Flagella whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
Golgi apparatus stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Light microscope microscope that uses a beam of light passing through one or more
lenses to magnify an object
Lysosome cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in
the cell
Microfilament solid rod of protein, thinner than a microtubule, that enables a cell to
move or change shape
Microtubule thin, hollow cylinders made of protein that provide structural support for
eukaryotic cells
