BIO 169 Final Exam Questions with Verified Solutions Graded A+
What are the functions of the endocrine system? - Answers controls - reproduction, metabolism,
growth/development, fluid/electrolyte balance, resistance to stress
What are paracrine secretions? Traits? - Answers Local hormone that enters interstitial fluid but
affects only neighboring cells. Potent and secreted in small amounts, only when needed. They
break down quickly.
What hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? - Answers ACTH-
Adrenocorticotropic hormone.
FSH-Follicle-stimulating hormone.
GH-Growth hormone. Also called STH, or somatotrophic hormone.
LH-Luteinizing hormone.
PRL-Prolactin.
TSH-Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Name some steroid hormones. - Answers sex hormones-testosterone, estrogens. Also,
aldosterone, cortisol.
Name some nonsteroid hormones. - Answers norepinephrine and epinephrine (amines)
PTH (parathyroid hormone), GH (growth hormone), and PRL (prolactin) (protein hormones)
FHS (follicle stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and TSH (thyroid- stimulating
hormone).(glycoproteins)
ADH, or antidiuretic hormone and OT, or oxytocin),(TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone), SS
(somastostatin), and GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). (peptides)
What are the second messengers? - Answers cAMP, cGMP, diacylglycerol (DAG)
What are the "fight-or-flight" hormones? - Answers Epinephrine and norephinephrine
ADH - Answers antiduiretic hormone. Raises blood pressure, causes kidneys to reduce water
excretion.
Where are colloids found? - Answers thyroid
What is the cuddle hormone and hormone instrumental in labor? - Answers oxytocin
What are the intermediaries in the formation of norepinephrine? - Answers dopa and dopamine
What hormone is involved in Vit D absorption and increased absorption of calcium? - Answers
, parathyroid hormone
What hormones determine basal metabolic rate? - Answers T3 and T4
What hormone is responsible for the biological clock? - Answers melatonin
ADH hormone is released from the ___. - Answers pituitary gland
What is the hormone that causes the kidney to secrete Na and excrete K and cause water
retention? - Answers aldosterone
What is calcitonin secreted by? - Answers thyroid gland
Type II diabetes - Answers Maturity onset diabetes. Happens later in life. Non-insulin-dependent
diabetes. Loss of insulin receptors. Associated with obesity.
Type I diabetes - Answers An autoimmune disorder where immune system attacks beta cells of
pancreas. Insulin cannot be produced. Juvenile diabetes.
Diabetes insipidus - Answers Body is not producing or responding to ADH. Impairs regulation of
water balance. Lots of urine. Dehydration.
What is the fight-or-flight gland and what part of nervous system is involved? - Answers adrenal
gland, sympathetic nervous system
What hormone lowers blood calcium and phosphate ion levels and stimulates bone formation? -
Answers calcitonin
Name characteristics of RBCs. - Answers Life span of about 120 days. Lose nucleus during
development, so they cannot make proteins or divide. Produce ATP through glycolysis only.
RBCs wear out the liver and spleen dispose of them.
platelets - Answers Also called thrombocytes. Large cytoplasm fragments of megakaryocytes
that shrink.
diapedesis - Answers passage of white blood cells through intact capillary walls and into the
surrounding tissue
agglutination - Answers Causes chest pain, difficulty breathing
fibrin - Answers forms meshwork to trap blood cells, platelets to form blood clot.
What is associated with intrinsic clotting mechanism only? - Answers Hageman Factor
What is associated with blood clot dissolution? - Answers plasminogen
RBCC - Answers red blood cell count. Tests oxygen carrying capacity of blood.
What are the functions of the endocrine system? - Answers controls - reproduction, metabolism,
growth/development, fluid/electrolyte balance, resistance to stress
What are paracrine secretions? Traits? - Answers Local hormone that enters interstitial fluid but
affects only neighboring cells. Potent and secreted in small amounts, only when needed. They
break down quickly.
What hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? - Answers ACTH-
Adrenocorticotropic hormone.
FSH-Follicle-stimulating hormone.
GH-Growth hormone. Also called STH, or somatotrophic hormone.
LH-Luteinizing hormone.
PRL-Prolactin.
TSH-Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Name some steroid hormones. - Answers sex hormones-testosterone, estrogens. Also,
aldosterone, cortisol.
Name some nonsteroid hormones. - Answers norepinephrine and epinephrine (amines)
PTH (parathyroid hormone), GH (growth hormone), and PRL (prolactin) (protein hormones)
FHS (follicle stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and TSH (thyroid- stimulating
hormone).(glycoproteins)
ADH, or antidiuretic hormone and OT, or oxytocin),(TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone), SS
(somastostatin), and GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). (peptides)
What are the second messengers? - Answers cAMP, cGMP, diacylglycerol (DAG)
What are the "fight-or-flight" hormones? - Answers Epinephrine and norephinephrine
ADH - Answers antiduiretic hormone. Raises blood pressure, causes kidneys to reduce water
excretion.
Where are colloids found? - Answers thyroid
What is the cuddle hormone and hormone instrumental in labor? - Answers oxytocin
What are the intermediaries in the formation of norepinephrine? - Answers dopa and dopamine
What hormone is involved in Vit D absorption and increased absorption of calcium? - Answers
, parathyroid hormone
What hormones determine basal metabolic rate? - Answers T3 and T4
What hormone is responsible for the biological clock? - Answers melatonin
ADH hormone is released from the ___. - Answers pituitary gland
What is the hormone that causes the kidney to secrete Na and excrete K and cause water
retention? - Answers aldosterone
What is calcitonin secreted by? - Answers thyroid gland
Type II diabetes - Answers Maturity onset diabetes. Happens later in life. Non-insulin-dependent
diabetes. Loss of insulin receptors. Associated with obesity.
Type I diabetes - Answers An autoimmune disorder where immune system attacks beta cells of
pancreas. Insulin cannot be produced. Juvenile diabetes.
Diabetes insipidus - Answers Body is not producing or responding to ADH. Impairs regulation of
water balance. Lots of urine. Dehydration.
What is the fight-or-flight gland and what part of nervous system is involved? - Answers adrenal
gland, sympathetic nervous system
What hormone lowers blood calcium and phosphate ion levels and stimulates bone formation? -
Answers calcitonin
Name characteristics of RBCs. - Answers Life span of about 120 days. Lose nucleus during
development, so they cannot make proteins or divide. Produce ATP through glycolysis only.
RBCs wear out the liver and spleen dispose of them.
platelets - Answers Also called thrombocytes. Large cytoplasm fragments of megakaryocytes
that shrink.
diapedesis - Answers passage of white blood cells through intact capillary walls and into the
surrounding tissue
agglutination - Answers Causes chest pain, difficulty breathing
fibrin - Answers forms meshwork to trap blood cells, platelets to form blood clot.
What is associated with intrinsic clotting mechanism only? - Answers Hageman Factor
What is associated with blood clot dissolution? - Answers plasminogen
RBCC - Answers red blood cell count. Tests oxygen carrying capacity of blood.
