BIO 251 Lab 9 – Heart Structures, Blood Flow & Vessels – 2025 Q&A (BIO251)

This expert-reviewed study guide for BIO 251 Lab 9: Cardiovascular Anatomy (2025/2026) presents a complete set of verified Q&A focused on the structures of the human heart, blood circulation path, and associated vessels. Organized for easy recall, this lab resource supports students preparing for cardiovascular system practicals and theory-based assessments. Covered content includes anatomical identification and classification of heart layers (pericardium, myocardium, endocardium), chambers, valves, and internal structures like the chordae tendineae, papillary muscles, interventricular septum, and ligamentum arteriosum. The resource also details the full blood flow pathway through the heart, including major vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary arteries/veins, venae cavae, and coronary vessels (e.g., left/right coronary arteries, great cardiac vein, coronary sinus). This guide is ideal for students in Pre-Med, Nursing, Biology, Health Sciences, or any anatomy-intensive programs. Its Q&A format reinforces both structural recognition and functional cardiovascular understanding critical for exams and clinical knowledge. Keywords: BIO251, cardiovascular anatomy, heart chambers, heart valves, blood flow through heart, coronary circulation, vena cava, pulmonary arteries, aortic arch, heart structures, anatomy practical, Q&A lab prep, papillary muscles, cardiac veins, myocardium