ESTUDYR
WILLIAMS BASIC NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY FINAL EXAM REVIEW
16th EDITION EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
The basic building units of proteins are called:
A. Monosaccharides
B. Amino acids
C. Fatty acids
D. Nucleotides
Rationale: Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
The USDA tool most helpful for planning healthy meals is:
A. Food pyramid
B. MyPyramid
C. MyPlate
D. DASH guidelines
Rationale: MyPlate is the current USDA food guidance system emphasizing portions and food
groups.
The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) were developed by:
A. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
B. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
C. World Health Organization (WHO)
D. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Rationale: DRIs were developed by committees convened under NIH (Institute of Medicine).
The goal of the MyPlate food guide includes all EXCEPT:
A. Variety
B. Proportion
C. Gradual improvements
D. Complete elimination of fats
Rationale: MyPlate promotes balance and moderation, not eliminating entire macronutrient
groups.
When insufficient scientific evidence exists to set an RDA, the intake guide used is:
A. Recommended intake (RI)
B. Reference intake (REF)
C. Adequate Intake (AI)
D. Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
Rationale: AI is set when RDA cannot be determined due to limited evidence.
,ESTUDYR
Which statement about protein function is most accurate?
A. Protein is only for energy.
B. Protein stores vitamins.
C. Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues.
D. Protein prevents dehydration.
Rationale: Structural and functional roles—growth, repair, enzymes—are primary protein
functions.
A 5-month pregnant woman with poverty and food insecurity is at highest risk for:
A. Overnutrition
B. Iron overload
C. Undernutrition
D. Food allergy
Rationale: Insufficient food access increases risk of undernutrition during pregnancy.
Promoting a community diabetes management service supports which national goal?
A. Healthy People 2010
B. Healthy People 2020
C. Surgeon General’s Priorities
D. USDA MyPlate Initiative
Rationale: Healthy People 2020 includes chronic disease management goals (note: historically
HP2020).
For a 65-year-old man requiring 2000 kcal/day, approx kcal/day from fat should be:
A. 0–50 kcal
B. 100–300 kcal
C. 400–600 kcal
D. >700 kcal
Rationale: Dietary fat generally recommended ~20–35% of kcal (200–700 kcal); 100–300 kcal
corresponds to ~10–30% (user-provided range).
The nutrient that provides the body's primary fuel source is:
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Lipids
D. Vitamins
Rationale: Carbohydrates are primary and preferred energy source for many tissues.
How many kcal from fat are in a sandwich with 22 g fat?
A. 88 kcal
, ESTUDYR
B. 198 kcal
C. 198 kcal (22 g × 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal)
D. 220 kcal
Rationale: Fat provides 9 kcal per gram (22 × 9 = 198).
Dietary Reference Intakes address the nutrient needs of:
A. Only children
B. Only pregnant women
C. Most healthy population groups
D. Only athletes
Rationale: DRIs are designed for apparently healthy populations across life stages.
Overnutrition is best described as:
A. Eating too few calories only
B. Excess nutrient and energy intake over time
C. Vitamin deficiency
D. Dehydration
Rationale: Overnutrition = chronic excessive intake leading to obesity, metabolic issues.
One slice of bread containing 30 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 1 g fat provides how many kcal?
A. 100 kcal
B. 141 kcal
C. 141 kcal (30×4 + 3×4 + 1×9 = 120+12+9 = 141)
D. 160 kcal
Rationale: Carbohydrate & protein = 4 kcal/g; fat = 9 kcal/g.
Recommended daily intake of dietary fiber for an adult woman is:
A. 10 g/day
B. 15 g/day
C. 25 g/day
D. 35 g/day
Rationale: Common guideline: ~25 g/day for adult women.
A good dietary source of fiber is:
A. Soda
B. Oatmeal
C. White bread
D. Butter
Rationale: Oatmeal is high in soluble fiber.
WILLIAMS BASIC NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY FINAL EXAM REVIEW
16th EDITION EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
The basic building units of proteins are called:
A. Monosaccharides
B. Amino acids
C. Fatty acids
D. Nucleotides
Rationale: Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
The USDA tool most helpful for planning healthy meals is:
A. Food pyramid
B. MyPyramid
C. MyPlate
D. DASH guidelines
Rationale: MyPlate is the current USDA food guidance system emphasizing portions and food
groups.
The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) were developed by:
A. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
B. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
C. World Health Organization (WHO)
D. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Rationale: DRIs were developed by committees convened under NIH (Institute of Medicine).
The goal of the MyPlate food guide includes all EXCEPT:
A. Variety
B. Proportion
C. Gradual improvements
D. Complete elimination of fats
Rationale: MyPlate promotes balance and moderation, not eliminating entire macronutrient
groups.
When insufficient scientific evidence exists to set an RDA, the intake guide used is:
A. Recommended intake (RI)
B. Reference intake (REF)
C. Adequate Intake (AI)
D. Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
Rationale: AI is set when RDA cannot be determined due to limited evidence.
,ESTUDYR
Which statement about protein function is most accurate?
A. Protein is only for energy.
B. Protein stores vitamins.
C. Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues.
D. Protein prevents dehydration.
Rationale: Structural and functional roles—growth, repair, enzymes—are primary protein
functions.
A 5-month pregnant woman with poverty and food insecurity is at highest risk for:
A. Overnutrition
B. Iron overload
C. Undernutrition
D. Food allergy
Rationale: Insufficient food access increases risk of undernutrition during pregnancy.
Promoting a community diabetes management service supports which national goal?
A. Healthy People 2010
B. Healthy People 2020
C. Surgeon General’s Priorities
D. USDA MyPlate Initiative
Rationale: Healthy People 2020 includes chronic disease management goals (note: historically
HP2020).
For a 65-year-old man requiring 2000 kcal/day, approx kcal/day from fat should be:
A. 0–50 kcal
B. 100–300 kcal
C. 400–600 kcal
D. >700 kcal
Rationale: Dietary fat generally recommended ~20–35% of kcal (200–700 kcal); 100–300 kcal
corresponds to ~10–30% (user-provided range).
The nutrient that provides the body's primary fuel source is:
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Lipids
D. Vitamins
Rationale: Carbohydrates are primary and preferred energy source for many tissues.
How many kcal from fat are in a sandwich with 22 g fat?
A. 88 kcal
, ESTUDYR
B. 198 kcal
C. 198 kcal (22 g × 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal)
D. 220 kcal
Rationale: Fat provides 9 kcal per gram (22 × 9 = 198).
Dietary Reference Intakes address the nutrient needs of:
A. Only children
B. Only pregnant women
C. Most healthy population groups
D. Only athletes
Rationale: DRIs are designed for apparently healthy populations across life stages.
Overnutrition is best described as:
A. Eating too few calories only
B. Excess nutrient and energy intake over time
C. Vitamin deficiency
D. Dehydration
Rationale: Overnutrition = chronic excessive intake leading to obesity, metabolic issues.
One slice of bread containing 30 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 1 g fat provides how many kcal?
A. 100 kcal
B. 141 kcal
C. 141 kcal (30×4 + 3×4 + 1×9 = 120+12+9 = 141)
D. 160 kcal
Rationale: Carbohydrate & protein = 4 kcal/g; fat = 9 kcal/g.
Recommended daily intake of dietary fiber for an adult woman is:
A. 10 g/day
B. 15 g/day
C. 25 g/day
D. 35 g/day
Rationale: Common guideline: ~25 g/day for adult women.
A good dietary source of fiber is:
A. Soda
B. Oatmeal
C. White bread
D. Butter
Rationale: Oatmeal is high in soluble fiber.
