NUR 529 Exam 3 2025: Advanced Pathophysiology Practice Test & Study Guide (Test Bank)

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NUR 529 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM TEST

BANK| COMPLETE 400 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND

CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)

GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)

What percentage of erythropoietin is produced by the kidney?

.....ANSWER..... Approximately 90%

What percentage of erythropoietin is produced by the liver and

other organs? .....ANSWER..... Approximately 10%

How does kidney dysfunction affect red blood cell development?

.....ANSWER..... It impacts RBC development and availability.

What deficiencies may contribute to anemia in chronic kidney

disease (CKD)? .....ANSWER..... Vitamin B12, iron, and folate

deficiencies.

What is the hemoglobin level that defines chronic anemia in adult

males? .....ANSWER..... Less than 13.0 g/dL

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What is the hemoglobin level that defines chronic anemia in adult

females? .....ANSWER..... Less than 12 g/dL

What is the most profound hematologic alteration that

accompanies chronic kidney disease (CKD)? .....ANSWER.....

Chronic anemia

What is the association between GFR decline and hematocrit in

advanced CKD in African Americans? .....ANSWER..... Research

shows an association between GFR decline and the decline in

hematocrit.

What do NKF guidelines recommend for individuals with a GFR

less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2? .....ANSWER..... They should be

evaluated for anemia.

What measures are included in the assessment for anemia in

CKD? .....ANSWER..... Measures of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and

iron stores.

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What are some factors contributing to anemia in CKD?

.....ANSWER..... Chronic blood loss, hemolysis, bone marrow

suppression, and decreased red cell production.

Why is erythropoietin production usually insufficient in kidney

failure? .....ANSWER..... It is insufficient to stimulate adequate red

blood cell production by the bone marrow.

What are some causes of iron deficiency in people with CKD?

.....ANSWER..... Anorexia, dietary restrictions, and blood loss

during dialysis.

What is the major metabolic function of colonic microorganisms?

.....ANSWER..... The fermentation of undigestible dietary residue

and endogenous mucus.

What is a major source of energy in the colon? .....ANSWER.....

Fermentation of nondigestible carbohydrates, including resistant

starches, cellulose, pectins, and unabsorbed sugars.

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What role do colonic microorganisms play in vitamin synthesis?

.....ANSWER..... They synthesize vitamin K.

Why do newborn infants not synthesize adequate amounts of

vitamin K initially? .....ANSWER..... Because the normal colonic

bacterial flora has not yet become established.

What protective role does the resident gut flora provide?

.....ANSWER..... It provides a crucial line of resistance to

colonization by exogenous microbes.

What can disrupt the microbial balance in the gut?

.....ANSWER..... The administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics.

What is the role of probiotics? .....ANSWER..... They are live

microorganisms that can modify the composition of enteric flora

when ingested.

What are some commonly used probiotics? .....ANSWER.....

Lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and nonpathogenic Escherichia coli.