MHA 701 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. Organizational Behavior- Answer - OB is an applied behavioral science that emerged from the
disciplines of psychology, sociology, anthropology, political science, and economics. The study of individual and group
dynamics in an organizational setting.
Helps managers predict behavior and influence outcomes.
2. Questions of OB- Answer - Why do people behave the way they do?
Under what circumstances will behavior change?
How do organizations impact individual, formal group, and informal group behavior?
Why do ditterent groups in the same organization develop ditterent norms?
3. Goals of OB- Answer - Explain behavior in organizational settings.
Predict behavior based on internal and external factors.
Provide tools for managers to ettectively motivate and lead individuals and groups.
4. History of OB- Answer - Beginnings of OB can be found in the human relations/behavioral management
movement beginning in 1920s as a response to the traditional or classic management approach.
5. What was the driving force of OB?- Answer - The Industrial Revolution was the driving
force for the development of large factories employing many workers. Managers concerned with how to increase
productivity (Taylorism).
6. Hawthorne Studies- Answer - Significant development of OB because the researchers demonstrated the
important influence of human factors on work productivity.
Bias that occurs when people know they are being studied.
7. Types of Experiments with Hawthorne Studies- Answer - Illumination
experiments Relay-assembly group experiments
,Bank-wiring observation room group
studies Interviewing program
,8. Theory X- Answer - (negative/pessimistic) (Authoritarian) employees are unintelligent and lazy. Dislike work.
Employees should be closely controlled.
9. Theory Y- Answer - (positive/optimistic) (Participative/Empowering)- Answer - Employees are creative and
competent. Meaningful work. Want to contribute.
Managers belief about employees shape behavior-self fulfilling prophecy.
10. Diversity- Answer - The fact or quality of being diverse- Answer - ditterence, and a point in which things
ditter. The full range of human similarities and ditterences in group aflliation including gender, race/ethnicity, social
class, role within an organization, age, religion, sexual orientation, physical ability, and other group identities.
11. Equity- Answer - Providing fair treatment, access, opportunity, and advancement for all people while at the
same time striving to identify and eliminate barriers that have prevented full participation of some groups.
12. Inclusion- Answer - Act of creating environments in which any individual or group can feel welcomed,
respected, and supported and can fully participate. Allows people to have a sense of belonging.
13. Ageism- Answer - any attitude, action, or institutional structure, which subordinates a person or group because
of age or any assignment of roles on society purely on the basis of age.
14. Implications for the Health Care Industry- Answer - Both the workforce and patient
population will become increasingly diverse over time.
Increased need for health care services as the population continues to age.
Lack of younger and diverse workers entering health care professions.
Lack of women, LGBTQ people, and people of ditterent ethnicities/nationalities in health care leadership roles.
15. Diversity Management- Answer - A strategic process focused on building skills and policies that
address the changing demographics of both the workforce and patient population.
16. Cultural Competency- Answer - A set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come
together in a system, agency, or among professionals that enables ettective work in cross-cultural situations.
17. Culture- Answer - Refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that include the language, thoughts,
communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups.
, 18. Competence- Answer - Implies having the capacity to function ettectively as an individual and an organization
within the context of the cultural beliefs, behaviors, and needs presented by consumers and their communities.
1. Organizational Behavior- Answer - OB is an applied behavioral science that emerged from the
disciplines of psychology, sociology, anthropology, political science, and economics. The study of individual and group
dynamics in an organizational setting.
Helps managers predict behavior and influence outcomes.
2. Questions of OB- Answer - Why do people behave the way they do?
Under what circumstances will behavior change?
How do organizations impact individual, formal group, and informal group behavior?
Why do ditterent groups in the same organization develop ditterent norms?
3. Goals of OB- Answer - Explain behavior in organizational settings.
Predict behavior based on internal and external factors.
Provide tools for managers to ettectively motivate and lead individuals and groups.
4. History of OB- Answer - Beginnings of OB can be found in the human relations/behavioral management
movement beginning in 1920s as a response to the traditional or classic management approach.
5. What was the driving force of OB?- Answer - The Industrial Revolution was the driving
force for the development of large factories employing many workers. Managers concerned with how to increase
productivity (Taylorism).
6. Hawthorne Studies- Answer - Significant development of OB because the researchers demonstrated the
important influence of human factors on work productivity.
Bias that occurs when people know they are being studied.
7. Types of Experiments with Hawthorne Studies- Answer - Illumination
experiments Relay-assembly group experiments
,Bank-wiring observation room group
studies Interviewing program
,8. Theory X- Answer - (negative/pessimistic) (Authoritarian) employees are unintelligent and lazy. Dislike work.
Employees should be closely controlled.
9. Theory Y- Answer - (positive/optimistic) (Participative/Empowering)- Answer - Employees are creative and
competent. Meaningful work. Want to contribute.
Managers belief about employees shape behavior-self fulfilling prophecy.
10. Diversity- Answer - The fact or quality of being diverse- Answer - ditterence, and a point in which things
ditter. The full range of human similarities and ditterences in group aflliation including gender, race/ethnicity, social
class, role within an organization, age, religion, sexual orientation, physical ability, and other group identities.
11. Equity- Answer - Providing fair treatment, access, opportunity, and advancement for all people while at the
same time striving to identify and eliminate barriers that have prevented full participation of some groups.
12. Inclusion- Answer - Act of creating environments in which any individual or group can feel welcomed,
respected, and supported and can fully participate. Allows people to have a sense of belonging.
13. Ageism- Answer - any attitude, action, or institutional structure, which subordinates a person or group because
of age or any assignment of roles on society purely on the basis of age.
14. Implications for the Health Care Industry- Answer - Both the workforce and patient
population will become increasingly diverse over time.
Increased need for health care services as the population continues to age.
Lack of younger and diverse workers entering health care professions.
Lack of women, LGBTQ people, and people of ditterent ethnicities/nationalities in health care leadership roles.
15. Diversity Management- Answer - A strategic process focused on building skills and policies that
address the changing demographics of both the workforce and patient population.
16. Cultural Competency- Answer - A set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come
together in a system, agency, or among professionals that enables ettective work in cross-cultural situations.
17. Culture- Answer - Refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that include the language, thoughts,
communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups.
, 18. Competence- Answer - Implies having the capacity to function ettectively as an individual and an organization
within the context of the cultural beliefs, behaviors, and needs presented by consumers and their communities.
