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UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
5355 EXAM 3 WITH QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
Thyrotoxic Crisis or Thyroid Storm - correct answer_ rare deadly
disorder with severe hyperparathyroidism. . caused by excessive
release of T3 and T4
Addison's Disease Patho - correct answer_ caused by
hypocortisolism which is a primary adrenal insufficiency where the
adrenal glands do not produce enough steroid hormones; ACTH
would be elevated, and Cortisol would be low.
Cushing Syndrome - correct answer_ caused by hypercortisolism
which is most caused by an ACTH secreting pituitary tumor
(which would be a secondary hypercortisolism), but can be
caused by an adrenal adenoma that secretes too much cortisol
(primary hypercortisolism)- hhyperfunction of the adrenal cortex
(moon face)
Primary hypothyroidism - correct answer_ the thyroid gland itself
is dysfunctional, so TSH is high, T3 and T4 are low. problem with
gland inability to produce thyroid hormones that would send signal
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to hypothalamus to inhibit TRH thereby signaling P gland to stop
synthesizing TSH
secondary hypothyroidism - correct answer_ caused by
pituitary/hypothalamic dysfunction, so TSH would be decreased;
the thyroid gland would function normally, but the negative
feedback loop would be dysfunctional at the pituitary level.
congenital hypothyroidism - correct answer_ condition present at
birth that is characterized by absent thyroid tissue, mental
retardation if not treated, missed milestones, myxedema,
hypotonic muscles, detected by neonatal screening
Biogenic Amine Theory linked to depression - correct answer_
Deficiency of neurotransmitters in brain of norepinephrine,
dopamine, and/or serotonin. Particularly, a decrease in receptor
binding with serotonin.
Neurotransmitter Receptor Hypothesis linked to depression -
correct answer_ A deficiency of monoamine neurotransmitters at
neuronal synapses.
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Antidepressants increase - correct answer_ Neuronal synaptic
levels of monoamine neurotransmitters.
if you have more receptors than neurotransmitters - correct
answer_ Neurotransmitters do not have time to re-charge thus,
they do not function properly.
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) System Dysregulation -
correct answer_ HPA system dysregulation with excessive
glucocorticoid secretion is found in a large percentage of people
suffering from major depression.
Patho of Alzheimer's includes - plaque formation, presence of --,
with decreased levels of - - correct answer_ Amyloid B,
neurofibrillary tangles, acetylcholine these disrupt impulse
transmission
neurofibrillary tangles - correct answer_ are a deformation of the
structure that carries nutrients to neurons of the brain.
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Decreased levels of choline acetyl transferase and acetylcholine
is associated with - correct answer_ Memory loss
Most common cause of dementia - correct answer_ Alzheimer's
disease fatal 5-10 years
Characteristics of Alzheimer's - correct answer_ Loss of memory,
language , inability to learn new things, dysfunction, delusions,
cannot perform ADLs, majorly effects social life
Parkinson's Disease is - correct answer_ Chronic motor
progressive neuro-degenerative known as a shaking palsy
Parkinson's disease is associated with - correct answer_ basal
ganglia dysfunction and atrophy of neurons in the substantia nigra
that produce dopamine;
Characteristics of Parkinson's disease - correct answer_ Tremors
at rest, rigidity, bradykinesia, muscular rigidity and postural
abnormalities.
UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
5355 EXAM 3 WITH QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
Thyrotoxic Crisis or Thyroid Storm - correct answer_ rare deadly
disorder with severe hyperparathyroidism. . caused by excessive
release of T3 and T4
Addison's Disease Patho - correct answer_ caused by
hypocortisolism which is a primary adrenal insufficiency where the
adrenal glands do not produce enough steroid hormones; ACTH
would be elevated, and Cortisol would be low.
Cushing Syndrome - correct answer_ caused by hypercortisolism
which is most caused by an ACTH secreting pituitary tumor
(which would be a secondary hypercortisolism), but can be
caused by an adrenal adenoma that secretes too much cortisol
(primary hypercortisolism)- hhyperfunction of the adrenal cortex
(moon face)
Primary hypothyroidism - correct answer_ the thyroid gland itself
is dysfunctional, so TSH is high, T3 and T4 are low. problem with
gland inability to produce thyroid hormones that would send signal
,2 | Page
to hypothalamus to inhibit TRH thereby signaling P gland to stop
synthesizing TSH
secondary hypothyroidism - correct answer_ caused by
pituitary/hypothalamic dysfunction, so TSH would be decreased;
the thyroid gland would function normally, but the negative
feedback loop would be dysfunctional at the pituitary level.
congenital hypothyroidism - correct answer_ condition present at
birth that is characterized by absent thyroid tissue, mental
retardation if not treated, missed milestones, myxedema,
hypotonic muscles, detected by neonatal screening
Biogenic Amine Theory linked to depression - correct answer_
Deficiency of neurotransmitters in brain of norepinephrine,
dopamine, and/or serotonin. Particularly, a decrease in receptor
binding with serotonin.
Neurotransmitter Receptor Hypothesis linked to depression -
correct answer_ A deficiency of monoamine neurotransmitters at
neuronal synapses.
,3 | Page
Antidepressants increase - correct answer_ Neuronal synaptic
levels of monoamine neurotransmitters.
if you have more receptors than neurotransmitters - correct
answer_ Neurotransmitters do not have time to re-charge thus,
they do not function properly.
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) System Dysregulation -
correct answer_ HPA system dysregulation with excessive
glucocorticoid secretion is found in a large percentage of people
suffering from major depression.
Patho of Alzheimer's includes - plaque formation, presence of --,
with decreased levels of - - correct answer_ Amyloid B,
neurofibrillary tangles, acetylcholine these disrupt impulse
transmission
neurofibrillary tangles - correct answer_ are a deformation of the
structure that carries nutrients to neurons of the brain.
, 4 | Page
Decreased levels of choline acetyl transferase and acetylcholine
is associated with - correct answer_ Memory loss
Most common cause of dementia - correct answer_ Alzheimer's
disease fatal 5-10 years
Characteristics of Alzheimer's - correct answer_ Loss of memory,
language , inability to learn new things, dysfunction, delusions,
cannot perform ADLs, majorly effects social life
Parkinson's Disease is - correct answer_ Chronic motor
progressive neuro-degenerative known as a shaking palsy
Parkinson's disease is associated with - correct answer_ basal
ganglia dysfunction and atrophy of neurons in the substantia nigra
that produce dopamine;
Characteristics of Parkinson's disease - correct answer_ Tremors
at rest, rigidity, bradykinesia, muscular rigidity and postural
abnormalities.
