Test bank for Chemistry in Focus: A Molecular View of Our World 7th Edition
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by Nivaldo J. Tro,|| All Chapters Included|| Complete Guide
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Test Bank
q Chemistry in Focus, 5e
q q q 1
,Chapter 1—Molecular Reasons
q q
MULTIPLE CHOICE q
1. Which of these is the best definition of matter?
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a. The pull of gravity on an object.
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b. Anything that has weight and volume. q q q q q
c. Anything that has mass and occupies space. q q q q q q
d. Anything that is directly proportional to weight. q q q q q q
e. The measure of the amount of space an object occupies.
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ANS: C PTS: 1
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2. Which of these statements is correct?
q q q q q
a. The amount of carbon on earth is essentially constant.
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b. The amount of carbon on earth fluctuates with the seasons.
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c. The amount of carbon on earth is increasing due to plant and animal growth.
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d. The amount of carbon on earth is decreasing due to consumption of carbon based fuels.
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e. Both B and C are correct. q q q q q
ANS: A PTS: 1
q q q
3. The French chemist Antoine Lavoisier found that the weight of objects before burning and the
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weight of the products after burning were equal. He concluded that the total weight did not change
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during a process. Which of these best describes Lavoisier's conclusion?
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a. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific law.
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b. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific theory.
q q q q q q
c. From scientific law, Lavoisier created a scientific theory.
q q q q q q q
d. From experimentation, Lavoisier created a scientific law.
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e. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific conclusion.
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ANS: A PTS: 1
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4. When using the scientific method, before experiments are done a
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established.
q
a. hypothesis
b. law
c. theory
d. conclusion
ANS: A PTS: 1
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5. A statement which summarizes the data obtained from a series of observations is known as a(n)
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.
a. observation
b. Law
c. theory
d. conclusion
e. experiment
ANS: B q PTS: q q 1
Test Bank q Chemistry in Focus, 5e q q q 2
, 6. Which of these is not part of the scientific method?
q q q q q q q q q
a. observation
b. law
c. theory
d. conclusion
e. experiment
ANS: D q PTS: 1 q q
7. Which of these is the best definition of a scientific theory?
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a. A prediction based on a limited number of observations.
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b. A method of explaining observations that appears contradictory.
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c. A broadly applicable generalization with virtually no exceptions.
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d. A method for approaching problems that is used by all scientists.
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e. A tentative model that describes the underlying cause of a physical behavior.
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ANS: E q PTS: 1 q q
8. Which of these is the best definition of a scientific law?
q q q q q q q q q q
a. A prediction based on a limited number of observations.
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b. A method of explaining observations that appear contradictory.
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c. A broadly applicable generalization with virtually no exceptions.
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d. A method for approaching problems that is used by all scientists.
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e. A rule made by scientists to ensure consistency in their observations.
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ANS: C q PTS: 1 q q
9. A(n) q is an explanation of a scientific observation.
q q q q q q
a. law
b. theory
c. conclusion
d. prediction
e. epiphany
ANS: B q PTS: 1 q q
10. Which of these is not a requirement of a scientifically acceptable theory?
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a. Good predictive power of the theory.
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b. Proven by additional experimentation.
q q q
c. Sound reasoning for a particular observation.
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d. Easily revised to accommodate new observations
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e. Provides model of behavior consistent with other widely accepted theories.
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ANS: B q PTS: 1 q q
11. Which of these statements about the scientific method is incorrect?
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a. It is not a group of absolute truths.
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b. It uses experiments that are reproducible
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c. It is used for testing claims about the natural world.
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d. It requires one to propose a theory and perform experiments to give results which confirm
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or disclaim the theory.
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e. All of these are correct statements.
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ANS: E
q q PTS: 1 q
Test Bank
q Chemistry in Focus, 5e q q q 3
, 12. To explain natural phenomena scientists must
q q q q q q .
a. have an opinion. q q
b. make observations. q
c. guess correctly most of the time.
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d. agree with existing theories.
q q q
ANS: B q PTS: 1 q q
13. Which scientist first theorized that matter was ultimately composed of small indivisible
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particles called atoms?
q q q
a. Dalton
b. Lavoisier
c. Empedocles
d. Plato
e. Democritus
ANS: E q PTS: 1 q q
14. The historical predecessor to chemistry is known as
q q q q q q q q .
a. alchemy
b. pre-chemistry
c. biology
d. biochemistry
e. physical science q
ANS: A q PTS: 1 q q
15. Which of these contributions did Alchemists of the Middle Ages make to modern science?
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
a. sun centered universe and metallurgy
q q q q
b. metallurgy and development of scientific techniques q q q q q
c. scientific method and the Law of Conservation of Mass
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d. Law of Conservation of Matter and The First Atomic Theory
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e. Law of Conservation of Mass and the Law of Constant Composition
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ANS: B q PTS: q q 1
16. Thales believed that
q q q is the principle element of all things.
q q q q q q
a. earth
b. air
c. fire
d. water
e. gold
ANS: D q PTS: 1 q q
17. Which scientist is incorrectly matched with his idea or theory?
q q q q q q q q q
scientist theory
I. Copernicus a sun centered universe
q q q
II. Dalton Atomic Theory q
III. Galileo a sun centered universe
q q q
IV. Vesalius Matter is composed of small indivisible particles.
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V. Boyle The simplest form of a substance is an element.
q q q q q q q q
Test Bank q Chemistry in Focus, 5e q q q 4
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
by Nivaldo J. Tro,|| All Chapters Included|| Complete Guide
q q q q q q q q q
Test Bank
q Chemistry in Focus, 5e
q q q 1
,Chapter 1—Molecular Reasons
q q
MULTIPLE CHOICE q
1. Which of these is the best definition of matter?
q q q q q q q q
a. The pull of gravity on an object.
q q q q q q
b. Anything that has weight and volume. q q q q q
c. Anything that has mass and occupies space. q q q q q q
d. Anything that is directly proportional to weight. q q q q q q
e. The measure of the amount of space an object occupies.
q q q q q q q q q
ANS: C PTS: 1
q q q
2. Which of these statements is correct?
q q q q q
a. The amount of carbon on earth is essentially constant.
q q q q q q q q
b. The amount of carbon on earth fluctuates with the seasons.
q q q q q q q q q
c. The amount of carbon on earth is increasing due to plant and animal growth.
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d. The amount of carbon on earth is decreasing due to consumption of carbon based fuels.
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
e. Both B and C are correct. q q q q q
ANS: A PTS: 1
q q q
3. The French chemist Antoine Lavoisier found that the weight of objects before burning and the
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
weight of the products after burning were equal. He concluded that the total weight did not change
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
during a process. Which of these best describes Lavoisier's conclusion?
q q q q q q q q q q
a. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific law.
q q q q q q
b. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific theory.
q q q q q q
c. From scientific law, Lavoisier created a scientific theory.
q q q q q q q
d. From experimentation, Lavoisier created a scientific law.
q q q q q q
e. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific conclusion.
q q q q q q
ANS: A PTS: 1
q q q
4. When using the scientific method, before experiments are done a
q q q q q q q q q q should be q
established.
q
a. hypothesis
b. law
c. theory
d. conclusion
ANS: A PTS: 1
q q q
5. A statement which summarizes the data obtained from a series of observations is known as a(n)
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
.
a. observation
b. Law
c. theory
d. conclusion
e. experiment
ANS: B q PTS: q q 1
Test Bank q Chemistry in Focus, 5e q q q 2
, 6. Which of these is not part of the scientific method?
q q q q q q q q q
a. observation
b. law
c. theory
d. conclusion
e. experiment
ANS: D q PTS: 1 q q
7. Which of these is the best definition of a scientific theory?
q q q q q q q q q q
a. A prediction based on a limited number of observations.
q q q q q q q q
b. A method of explaining observations that appears contradictory.
q q q q q q q
c. A broadly applicable generalization with virtually no exceptions.
q q q q q q q
d. A method for approaching problems that is used by all scientists.
q q q q q q q q q q
e. A tentative model that describes the underlying cause of a physical behavior.
q q q q q q q q q q q
ANS: E q PTS: 1 q q
8. Which of these is the best definition of a scientific law?
q q q q q q q q q q
a. A prediction based on a limited number of observations.
q q q q q q q q
b. A method of explaining observations that appear contradictory.
q q q q q q q
c. A broadly applicable generalization with virtually no exceptions.
q q q q q q q
d. A method for approaching problems that is used by all scientists.
q q q q q q q q q q
e. A rule made by scientists to ensure consistency in their observations.
q q q q q q q q q q
ANS: C q PTS: 1 q q
9. A(n) q is an explanation of a scientific observation.
q q q q q q
a. law
b. theory
c. conclusion
d. prediction
e. epiphany
ANS: B q PTS: 1 q q
10. Which of these is not a requirement of a scientifically acceptable theory?
q q q q q q q q q q q
a. Good predictive power of the theory.
q q q q q
b. Proven by additional experimentation.
q q q
c. Sound reasoning for a particular observation.
q q q q q
d. Easily revised to accommodate new observations
q q q q q
e. Provides model of behavior consistent with other widely accepted theories.
q q q q q q q q q
ANS: B q PTS: 1 q q
11. Which of these statements about the scientific method is incorrect?
q q q q q q q q q
a. It is not a group of absolute truths.
q q q q q q q
b. It uses experiments that are reproducible
q q q q q
c. It is used for testing claims about the natural world.
q q q q q q q q q
d. It requires one to propose a theory and perform experiments to give results which confirm
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or disclaim the theory.
q q q q
e. All of these are correct statements.
q q q q q
ANS: E
q q PTS: 1 q
Test Bank
q Chemistry in Focus, 5e q q q 3
, 12. To explain natural phenomena scientists must
q q q q q q .
a. have an opinion. q q
b. make observations. q
c. guess correctly most of the time.
q q q q q
d. agree with existing theories.
q q q
ANS: B q PTS: 1 q q
13. Which scientist first theorized that matter was ultimately composed of small indivisible
q q q q q q q q q q q
particles called atoms?
q q q
a. Dalton
b. Lavoisier
c. Empedocles
d. Plato
e. Democritus
ANS: E q PTS: 1 q q
14. The historical predecessor to chemistry is known as
q q q q q q q q .
a. alchemy
b. pre-chemistry
c. biology
d. biochemistry
e. physical science q
ANS: A q PTS: 1 q q
15. Which of these contributions did Alchemists of the Middle Ages make to modern science?
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
a. sun centered universe and metallurgy
q q q q
b. metallurgy and development of scientific techniques q q q q q
c. scientific method and the Law of Conservation of Mass
q q q q q q q q
d. Law of Conservation of Matter and The First Atomic Theory
q q q q q q q q q
e. Law of Conservation of Mass and the Law of Constant Composition
q q q q q q q q q q
ANS: B q PTS: q q 1
16. Thales believed that
q q q is the principle element of all things.
q q q q q q
a. earth
b. air
c. fire
d. water
e. gold
ANS: D q PTS: 1 q q
17. Which scientist is incorrectly matched with his idea or theory?
q q q q q q q q q
scientist theory
I. Copernicus a sun centered universe
q q q
II. Dalton Atomic Theory q
III. Galileo a sun centered universe
q q q
IV. Vesalius Matter is composed of small indivisible particles.
q q q q q q
V. Boyle The simplest form of a substance is an element.
q q q q q q q q
Test Bank q Chemistry in Focus, 5e q q q 4
