HKIN 191 FINAL PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Body Density . Answer: The weight of molecules present in a certain
volume.
D= Mass (kg)/Volume (m^3)
◉ Archimedes' Principle . Answer: The buoyant force on an object is
equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. An object
heavier than the water it displaces will sink, lighter will float. Can be
used to calculate body fat %.
◉ Underwater weighing (hydrostatic) . Answer: Measure of body
composition by expelling all air from lungs and then being weighed.
Extremely accurate.
◉ Tare weight . Answer: Also called unladen weight, is the weight of an
empty container.
◉ Body Mass Index . Answer: weight (kg) / height^2 (m^2) categories
on p. 803
, ◉ Waist Girth . Answer: The measurement of waist at navel while
standing relaxed.
◉ Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) . Answer: waist girth / hip girth
◉ Energy Balance . Answer: The relationship between intake of food
and output of work. Positive when body stores extra food as energy and
Negative when body draws on stored fats to provide energy.
Weight change = total energy intake - total energy expenditure.
Weight gain: Energy intake - CHO, Fat, Protein
Weight Loss: Energy Output - Thermic effect of food, physical activity,
resting metabolism.
◉ Individual Needs . Answer: Specific needs for their sport, and their
responses
◉ Specificity vs Generality . Answer: Specificity will be specific to that
person's sport, training, system, and testing. Generality is how in
general, a person with a high VO2max in one area will probably have a
high VO2max in another area.
◉ Intensity/Duration . Answer: Depends on how hard and how long
someone is putting effort in to a specific test.
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Body Density . Answer: The weight of molecules present in a certain
volume.
D= Mass (kg)/Volume (m^3)
◉ Archimedes' Principle . Answer: The buoyant force on an object is
equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. An object
heavier than the water it displaces will sink, lighter will float. Can be
used to calculate body fat %.
◉ Underwater weighing (hydrostatic) . Answer: Measure of body
composition by expelling all air from lungs and then being weighed.
Extremely accurate.
◉ Tare weight . Answer: Also called unladen weight, is the weight of an
empty container.
◉ Body Mass Index . Answer: weight (kg) / height^2 (m^2) categories
on p. 803
, ◉ Waist Girth . Answer: The measurement of waist at navel while
standing relaxed.
◉ Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) . Answer: waist girth / hip girth
◉ Energy Balance . Answer: The relationship between intake of food
and output of work. Positive when body stores extra food as energy and
Negative when body draws on stored fats to provide energy.
Weight change = total energy intake - total energy expenditure.
Weight gain: Energy intake - CHO, Fat, Protein
Weight Loss: Energy Output - Thermic effect of food, physical activity,
resting metabolism.
◉ Individual Needs . Answer: Specific needs for their sport, and their
responses
◉ Specificity vs Generality . Answer: Specificity will be specific to that
person's sport, training, system, and testing. Generality is how in
general, a person with a high VO2max in one area will probably have a
high VO2max in another area.
◉ Intensity/Duration . Answer: Depends on how hard and how long
someone is putting effort in to a specific test.
