BSN Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 3
With Detailed Questions And Well
Verified Correct Answers||Latest Exam
2025-2026||Already Graded A+
lower airway functions -ANS conduction of air
mucociliary clearance
production of pulmonary surfactant
cilia -ANS trap and propel mucus
mucus can be produced better when thinned with -ANS water
alveoli -ANS allow for diffusion of gases
surfactant -ANS maintains surface tension of alveoli to allow for diffusion of gases
(keeps them open)
ventilation -ANS movement of air in and out of lungs
respiration -ANS exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
diffusion (O2) -ANS movement of O2 and CO2 between alveoli and capillaries
perfusion -ANS capillary blood passes through body tissues
what normally stimulates body to breath -ANS high levels of CO2
patients with chronic high CO2 levels breath because of a -ANS hypoxic drive
applying supplemental O2 to patients with chronic high CO2 levels can result in -ANS
their body "forgetting to breath"
loss of hypoxic drive
hypoxia -ANS inadequate tissue oxygenation
hypoxia earliest s/s and other s/s -ANS confusion
dyspnea, elevated BP, increased pulse, cyanosis
hypoxia causes -ANS anemia
COPD
pnuemonia
,hypoventilation -ANS decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs
inadequate ventilation to meet the body's demands
hypoventilation causes -ANS trauma, sedation
hyperventilation -ANS increase in resp rate and depth of respiration
hyperventilation causes -ANS anxiety, infection, fever
inferior and superior vena cava bring -ANS deoxygenated blood to right atrium
aorta takes -ANS oxygenated blood from left ventricle to body
coronary arteries -ANS provide heart muscle itself with blood
S1 -ANS closing of mitral (RA/RV) and tricuspid (LA/LV) valve
S2 -ANS closing of aortic (LV/aorta) and pulmonic (RV/pulmonary artery)
cardiovascular system function -ANS tissue perfusion
filtration
cardiac output
tissue perfusion -ANS deliver O2 and nutrients
good perfusion (kidneys) -ANS good urine output
filtration (O2) -ANS remove waste products and delivers them to lungs and kidneys
cardiac output -ANS pumping action of heart supports circulatory system
regulation of cardiovascular system -ANS autonomic nervous system via sympathetic
and parasympathetic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system -ANS epi and nor epi
increase heart rate
parasympathetic nervous system -ANS acetylcholine
decrease HR
SA node -ANS pacemaker of heart
AV node -ANS transmit impulses between the atria and ventricles
slower rate than SA node
, if SA node isn't in control -ANS dysrhythmia
decreased cardiac output
p wave -ANS atria contract
QRS -ANS ventricles contract
T wave -ANS ventricles relax
afterload -ANS resistance of ejection of blood from left ventricle (aorta resistance,
increased pressure)
preload -ANS amount of blood left at the end of ventricular rest
blood pressure -ANS force exerted by blood in the arteries
myocardial contractility -ANS ability of heart to squeeze blood form ventricle before next
beat
anrep effect -ANS myocardial contractility increases with afterload
cardiac output (def and formula) -ANS amount of blood ejected form LV each minute
SVxHR
avg is 6L/min
Anything that decreases pulse, contractility, blood pressure, or blood volume decreases
-ANS cardiac output
right sided heart failure -ANS impaired functioning of RV
jugular vein distention, peripheral edema
left sided heart failue -ANS fluid volume overload or increased vascular resistance
(hypertension)
resp crackles, orthopnea
myocardial ischemia -ANS coronary artery doesn't supply enough blood to heart
decreased O2 --> angina --> necrosis --> infarction
dysrhythmia -ANS any rhythm not controlled by SA node
includes reg rate that is <60 or >100
lifestyle factors affecting cardiopulmonary: nutrition/hydration -ANS fluid
overload=vascular congestion
dehydration=hypotension
With Detailed Questions And Well
Verified Correct Answers||Latest Exam
2025-2026||Already Graded A+
lower airway functions -ANS conduction of air
mucociliary clearance
production of pulmonary surfactant
cilia -ANS trap and propel mucus
mucus can be produced better when thinned with -ANS water
alveoli -ANS allow for diffusion of gases
surfactant -ANS maintains surface tension of alveoli to allow for diffusion of gases
(keeps them open)
ventilation -ANS movement of air in and out of lungs
respiration -ANS exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
diffusion (O2) -ANS movement of O2 and CO2 between alveoli and capillaries
perfusion -ANS capillary blood passes through body tissues
what normally stimulates body to breath -ANS high levels of CO2
patients with chronic high CO2 levels breath because of a -ANS hypoxic drive
applying supplemental O2 to patients with chronic high CO2 levels can result in -ANS
their body "forgetting to breath"
loss of hypoxic drive
hypoxia -ANS inadequate tissue oxygenation
hypoxia earliest s/s and other s/s -ANS confusion
dyspnea, elevated BP, increased pulse, cyanosis
hypoxia causes -ANS anemia
COPD
pnuemonia
,hypoventilation -ANS decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs
inadequate ventilation to meet the body's demands
hypoventilation causes -ANS trauma, sedation
hyperventilation -ANS increase in resp rate and depth of respiration
hyperventilation causes -ANS anxiety, infection, fever
inferior and superior vena cava bring -ANS deoxygenated blood to right atrium
aorta takes -ANS oxygenated blood from left ventricle to body
coronary arteries -ANS provide heart muscle itself with blood
S1 -ANS closing of mitral (RA/RV) and tricuspid (LA/LV) valve
S2 -ANS closing of aortic (LV/aorta) and pulmonic (RV/pulmonary artery)
cardiovascular system function -ANS tissue perfusion
filtration
cardiac output
tissue perfusion -ANS deliver O2 and nutrients
good perfusion (kidneys) -ANS good urine output
filtration (O2) -ANS remove waste products and delivers them to lungs and kidneys
cardiac output -ANS pumping action of heart supports circulatory system
regulation of cardiovascular system -ANS autonomic nervous system via sympathetic
and parasympathetic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system -ANS epi and nor epi
increase heart rate
parasympathetic nervous system -ANS acetylcholine
decrease HR
SA node -ANS pacemaker of heart
AV node -ANS transmit impulses between the atria and ventricles
slower rate than SA node
, if SA node isn't in control -ANS dysrhythmia
decreased cardiac output
p wave -ANS atria contract
QRS -ANS ventricles contract
T wave -ANS ventricles relax
afterload -ANS resistance of ejection of blood from left ventricle (aorta resistance,
increased pressure)
preload -ANS amount of blood left at the end of ventricular rest
blood pressure -ANS force exerted by blood in the arteries
myocardial contractility -ANS ability of heart to squeeze blood form ventricle before next
beat
anrep effect -ANS myocardial contractility increases with afterload
cardiac output (def and formula) -ANS amount of blood ejected form LV each minute
SVxHR
avg is 6L/min
Anything that decreases pulse, contractility, blood pressure, or blood volume decreases
-ANS cardiac output
right sided heart failure -ANS impaired functioning of RV
jugular vein distention, peripheral edema
left sided heart failue -ANS fluid volume overload or increased vascular resistance
(hypertension)
resp crackles, orthopnea
myocardial ischemia -ANS coronary artery doesn't supply enough blood to heart
decreased O2 --> angina --> necrosis --> infarction
dysrhythmia -ANS any rhythm not controlled by SA node
includes reg rate that is <60 or >100
lifestyle factors affecting cardiopulmonary: nutrition/hydration -ANS fluid
overload=vascular congestion
dehydration=hypotension
