Certified Vascular Nurse (CVN) Exam Questions
and correct {verified answers}already graded A+
1. Which of the following is the most common site for peripheral
arterial disease (PAD) in adults?
A. Brachial artery
B. Radial artery
C. Femoral-popliteal segment
D. Carotid artery
Peripheral arterial disease most commonly affects the lower
extremities, particularly the femoral-popliteal segment.
2. What is the primary risk factor for development of abdominal
aortic aneurysm (AAA)?
A. Diabetes
B. Smoking
C. Obesity
D. Hyperthyroidism
Smoking is the most significant modifiable risk factor for AAA
formation.
3. Which diagnostic test is considered the gold standard for
evaluating carotid artery stenosis?
A. Doppler ultrasound
B. MRI
C. Angiography
D. CT scan
Angiography provides the most detailed visualization of the carotid
artery lumen and degree of stenosis.
4. What is the first-line pharmacologic therapy for symptomatic
PAD?
A. Warfarin
B. Antiplatelet therapy (e.g., aspirin or clopidogrel)
,C. Beta-blockers
D. ACE inhibitors
Antiplatelet therapy reduces risk of cardiovascular events in PAD
patients.
5. A 65-year-old male presents with sudden onset of severe leg pain,
pallor, and pulselessness. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Deep vein thrombosis
B. Chronic venous insufficiency
C. Acute arterial occlusion
D. Cellulitis
Acute arterial occlusion presents with the 6 Ps: pain, pallor,
pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis, poikilothermia.
6. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) value that suggests PAD is:
A. 1.2–1.4
B. <0.9
C. 0.9–1.0
D. >1.4
ABI <0.9 is diagnostic for peripheral arterial disease.
7. Which of the following is the most common complication after a
lower extremity bypass surgery?
A. Infection
B. Graft occlusion
C. Hemorrhage
D. Pulmonary embolism
Graft occlusion is the leading cause of early failure in vascular bypass
procedures.
8. Which vein is commonly used for autologous bypass grafting in
lower extremity arterial surgery?
A. Basilic vein
B. Great saphenous vein
C. Cephalic vein
, D. Small saphenous vein
The great saphenous vein is preferred due to length and diameter
compatibility.
9. What is the primary treatment for a small, asymptomatic AAA (<5
cm)?
A. Immediate surgical repair
B. Risk factor modification and surveillance
C. Endovascular stenting
D. Anticoagulation therapy
Small, asymptomatic AAAs are usually monitored with regular
imaging and risk factor management.
10. Which symptom is most characteristic of chronic venous
insufficiency (CVI)?
A. Cold, pale extremities
B. Leg swelling and skin changes (hyperpigmentation, venous
eczema)
C. Acute pain and pallor
D. Claudication
CVI results from venous hypertension leading to edema,
pigmentation, and skin changes.
11. What is the primary goal of endovascular stenting in peripheral
artery disease?
A. Reduce infection risk
B. Prevent aneurysm rupture
C. Restore vessel patency
D. Prevent DVT
Stenting reopens narrowed arteries to improve blood flow and relieve
symptoms.
12. Which factor is most strongly associated with venous
thromboembolism (VTE)?
A. Hypertension
and correct {verified answers}already graded A+
1. Which of the following is the most common site for peripheral
arterial disease (PAD) in adults?
A. Brachial artery
B. Radial artery
C. Femoral-popliteal segment
D. Carotid artery
Peripheral arterial disease most commonly affects the lower
extremities, particularly the femoral-popliteal segment.
2. What is the primary risk factor for development of abdominal
aortic aneurysm (AAA)?
A. Diabetes
B. Smoking
C. Obesity
D. Hyperthyroidism
Smoking is the most significant modifiable risk factor for AAA
formation.
3. Which diagnostic test is considered the gold standard for
evaluating carotid artery stenosis?
A. Doppler ultrasound
B. MRI
C. Angiography
D. CT scan
Angiography provides the most detailed visualization of the carotid
artery lumen and degree of stenosis.
4. What is the first-line pharmacologic therapy for symptomatic
PAD?
A. Warfarin
B. Antiplatelet therapy (e.g., aspirin or clopidogrel)
,C. Beta-blockers
D. ACE inhibitors
Antiplatelet therapy reduces risk of cardiovascular events in PAD
patients.
5. A 65-year-old male presents with sudden onset of severe leg pain,
pallor, and pulselessness. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Deep vein thrombosis
B. Chronic venous insufficiency
C. Acute arterial occlusion
D. Cellulitis
Acute arterial occlusion presents with the 6 Ps: pain, pallor,
pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis, poikilothermia.
6. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) value that suggests PAD is:
A. 1.2–1.4
B. <0.9
C. 0.9–1.0
D. >1.4
ABI <0.9 is diagnostic for peripheral arterial disease.
7. Which of the following is the most common complication after a
lower extremity bypass surgery?
A. Infection
B. Graft occlusion
C. Hemorrhage
D. Pulmonary embolism
Graft occlusion is the leading cause of early failure in vascular bypass
procedures.
8. Which vein is commonly used for autologous bypass grafting in
lower extremity arterial surgery?
A. Basilic vein
B. Great saphenous vein
C. Cephalic vein
, D. Small saphenous vein
The great saphenous vein is preferred due to length and diameter
compatibility.
9. What is the primary treatment for a small, asymptomatic AAA (<5
cm)?
A. Immediate surgical repair
B. Risk factor modification and surveillance
C. Endovascular stenting
D. Anticoagulation therapy
Small, asymptomatic AAAs are usually monitored with regular
imaging and risk factor management.
10. Which symptom is most characteristic of chronic venous
insufficiency (CVI)?
A. Cold, pale extremities
B. Leg swelling and skin changes (hyperpigmentation, venous
eczema)
C. Acute pain and pallor
D. Claudication
CVI results from venous hypertension leading to edema,
pigmentation, and skin changes.
11. What is the primary goal of endovascular stenting in peripheral
artery disease?
A. Reduce infection risk
B. Prevent aneurysm rupture
C. Restore vessel patency
D. Prevent DVT
Stenting reopens narrowed arteries to improve blood flow and relieve
symptoms.
12. Which factor is most strongly associated with venous
thromboembolism (VTE)?
A. Hypertension
