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NR 576 / NR576 Midterm Exam – Differential
Diagnosis in Adult-Gerontology Primary Care | Latest
2025/2026 Update | Verified 100% Correct Questions
& Answers | Grade A | Chamberlain
What is a differential diagnosis?
Using clinical reasoning to distinguish between similar conditions.
What is deductive clinical reasoning strategy?
Analyzing and synthesizing clinical data related to patient's presentation.
What is the first step in deductive clinical reasoning strategy?
Starting with general information from chief complaint.
What is the next step in deductive clinical reasoning strategy?
Moving to more specific information collected through history of present illness.
How can open-ended questions be used in deductive clinical reasoning strategy?
To gain information utilizing OLDCARTS.
What is evidence-based research?
Research based on clinical trials or case studies.
What is required for evidence-based research?
Evidence of benefit to the patient.
What are guidelines?
Practice recommendations issued by professional organizations.
How should guidelines be developed?
Rigorously and trustworthy.
What is the basic structure of the clinical reasoning process?
Gathering initial patient information, organizing and interpreting information, generating
hypotheses, testing hypotheses, planning diagnostic and treatment strategy.
What is the first step in the clinical reasoning process?
Gathering initial patient information (health history and physical).
,What is the second step in the clinical reasoning process?
Organizing and interpreting information to synthesize the problem.
What is the third step in the clinical reasoning process?
Generating hypotheses.
What is the fourth step in the clinical reasoning process?
Testing hypotheses until a working diagnosis is selected.
What is the final step in the clinical reasoning process?
Planning the diagnostic and treatment strategy.
Sensitivity- is the proportion of patients with the disease that have a positive result
it is the number of true positives divided by the total number of patients who have the disease.
What does the OLD CARTS mnemonic stand for?
Onset, Location, Duration, Character, Alleviating factors, Relieving factors, Timing, Severity
Specificity: proportion of 'test negative' of total without the disease
the number of true negatives over all negatives.
What is pretest probability?
Probability of the disease before the test is ordered.
What factors are considered in pretest probability?
Disease prevalence, patient's symptoms or clinical context.
How is pretest probability evaluated?
In terms of low, intermediate, or high.
What is pretest probability based on?
Probability of the suspected disease given the patient's symptoms or clinical context.
What is Rubella?
A viral infection that occurs in young children and non-immune young adults.
What are the symptoms of Rubella?
Low grade fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, followed by a brief generalized erythematous
maculopapular rash.
, How does the rash of Rubella spread?
The rash begins on the face and rapidly spreads to involve the trunk and extremities.
How long does the rash of Rubella last?
The rash lasts for around 3 days and then resolves.
What is Varicella?
A viral infection causing itchy blisters and fever.
What are the symptoms of Varicella?
Small blisters, fever, fatigue, pharyngitis, and headache.
Where does Varicella rash start?
On the chest, back, and face.
How long does Varicella rash last?
5-7 days.
How does Varicella affect adults?
More widespread rash, longer fever, and higher risk of pneumonia.
What is Pityriasis Rosea?
A common, self-limiting rash.
How does Pityriasis Rosea usually start?
With an erythematous lesion on the trunk.
What are the other symptoms of Pityriasis Rosea?
Malaise, nausea, joint pain, fever, sore throat, and/or swollen lymph nodes.
What is impetigo?
A skin infection characterized by erythematous plaques with yellow crust.
What are the symptoms of impetigo?
Erythematous plaques with yellow crust, itchiness or pain.
How does impetigo spread?
Impetigo is highly contagious and spreads easily.
What is impetigo?
A skin infection characterized by erythematous plaques with yellow crust.
NR 576 / NR576 Midterm Exam – Differential
Diagnosis in Adult-Gerontology Primary Care | Latest
2025/2026 Update | Verified 100% Correct Questions
& Answers | Grade A | Chamberlain
What is a differential diagnosis?
Using clinical reasoning to distinguish between similar conditions.
What is deductive clinical reasoning strategy?
Analyzing and synthesizing clinical data related to patient's presentation.
What is the first step in deductive clinical reasoning strategy?
Starting with general information from chief complaint.
What is the next step in deductive clinical reasoning strategy?
Moving to more specific information collected through history of present illness.
How can open-ended questions be used in deductive clinical reasoning strategy?
To gain information utilizing OLDCARTS.
What is evidence-based research?
Research based on clinical trials or case studies.
What is required for evidence-based research?
Evidence of benefit to the patient.
What are guidelines?
Practice recommendations issued by professional organizations.
How should guidelines be developed?
Rigorously and trustworthy.
What is the basic structure of the clinical reasoning process?
Gathering initial patient information, organizing and interpreting information, generating
hypotheses, testing hypotheses, planning diagnostic and treatment strategy.
What is the first step in the clinical reasoning process?
Gathering initial patient information (health history and physical).
,What is the second step in the clinical reasoning process?
Organizing and interpreting information to synthesize the problem.
What is the third step in the clinical reasoning process?
Generating hypotheses.
What is the fourth step in the clinical reasoning process?
Testing hypotheses until a working diagnosis is selected.
What is the final step in the clinical reasoning process?
Planning the diagnostic and treatment strategy.
Sensitivity- is the proportion of patients with the disease that have a positive result
it is the number of true positives divided by the total number of patients who have the disease.
What does the OLD CARTS mnemonic stand for?
Onset, Location, Duration, Character, Alleviating factors, Relieving factors, Timing, Severity
Specificity: proportion of 'test negative' of total without the disease
the number of true negatives over all negatives.
What is pretest probability?
Probability of the disease before the test is ordered.
What factors are considered in pretest probability?
Disease prevalence, patient's symptoms or clinical context.
How is pretest probability evaluated?
In terms of low, intermediate, or high.
What is pretest probability based on?
Probability of the suspected disease given the patient's symptoms or clinical context.
What is Rubella?
A viral infection that occurs in young children and non-immune young adults.
What are the symptoms of Rubella?
Low grade fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, followed by a brief generalized erythematous
maculopapular rash.
, How does the rash of Rubella spread?
The rash begins on the face and rapidly spreads to involve the trunk and extremities.
How long does the rash of Rubella last?
The rash lasts for around 3 days and then resolves.
What is Varicella?
A viral infection causing itchy blisters and fever.
What are the symptoms of Varicella?
Small blisters, fever, fatigue, pharyngitis, and headache.
Where does Varicella rash start?
On the chest, back, and face.
How long does Varicella rash last?
5-7 days.
How does Varicella affect adults?
More widespread rash, longer fever, and higher risk of pneumonia.
What is Pityriasis Rosea?
A common, self-limiting rash.
How does Pityriasis Rosea usually start?
With an erythematous lesion on the trunk.
What are the other symptoms of Pityriasis Rosea?
Malaise, nausea, joint pain, fever, sore throat, and/or swollen lymph nodes.
What is impetigo?
A skin infection characterized by erythematous plaques with yellow crust.
What are the symptoms of impetigo?
Erythematous plaques with yellow crust, itchiness or pain.
How does impetigo spread?
Impetigo is highly contagious and spreads easily.
What is impetigo?
A skin infection characterized by erythematous plaques with yellow crust.
