, CHAPTERqw1:qwTheqwScienceqwofqwtheqwMind
LEARNINGqwOBJECTIVES
1.1. Describeqwtheqwscopeqwandqw goalsqw ofqwcognitiveqwpsychology.
1.2. Understandqwtheqwcaseqwofqw H.M.,qw andqwtheqwmanyqwwaysq w thatqw memoryqwinfluencesqwourAlives.
1.3. Describeqwtheqwlimitationsqwofqwintrospectionqwasqwaqwmethodqwforqwscientificqwinquiry.
1.4. Compareqwandqwcontrastqwclassicalqw(Watsonian)qwbehaviorismqwandqwcognitiveqwpsychology.
1.5. Kant’sqw“transcendentalqwmethod”qwisqwsometimesqw calledqw“inferenceqwtoqwbestqw explanation.”qwExplainqwthisqwmethodqwandqwhowq
witworks.
1.6. Describeqwtheqwrole,qwinqwtheqwemergenceqwofqwcognitiveqwpsychology,qwthatq w wasqwplayedq w byqwcomputerq w scienceqw
andqwtheqwdevelop-qwmentqwofqw“computerqwintelligence.”
MULTIPLEqwCHOICE
1. Whichqwofqwtheqwfollowingqwtopicsqwisqw NOTqwcommonlyqwstudiedq w withinqw cognitiveqwpsychology?
a. angerqwmanagemen c. memory
t
d. Attention
b. decisionqwmaking
ANS:q w A DIF: Easy REF:
TheqwScopeqwofqwCognitiveqw Psychologyq w OBJ: 1.1 MSC:q w Understanding
2. Cognitiveqwprocessesqw areqwNOTqwnecessaryqwforq w whichqw dailyqwactivity?
a. readingqwaqwnewspap c. talkingqw onq w theqw phone
er
d. breathing
b. studyingqwforqw aqwte
st
ANS:q w D DIF: Easy REF:
TheqwScopeqwofqwCognitiveqw Psych
olog
y
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssaq w wantsqw toqw beqw aq w psychologistq w butq w isq w unsureq w whichq w topicqw withinq w psychologyq w mostq w inte
restsq w her.qw Whichq w oqwfqwtheq w followingq w topicsq w wouldq w beq w LEASTq w likelyq w toq w leadq w herq w intoq w cognitiveq w psyc
hology?
a. amnesia n
b. languageqwacquisitio
,c. Lymeqwdisease
d. problem-
solvingqwstrategies
, ANS:q w C DIF: Easy REF:
TheqwScopeqwofqwCognitiveqw Psychologyq w OBJ: 1.1 MSC:q w Applying
4. Considerq w theq w sequenceq w “Betsyq w wantedq w toq w bringq w Jacobq w aq w present.q w Sheq w shookq w herq w piggyq w ban
k.”q w Mostq w people,q w aftqwerq w hearingqwthisq w sequence,q w believeq w Betsyqw wasq w checkingqwherq w piggyqwbankq w toq w seeq w ifq w sheq
w hadq w moneyqwtoq w spendq w onq w theq w gift.qw Thisq w inferenqwceqwaboutqwBetsy’sqwgoalsqwdependsqwonqwtheqwfactqwthat
a. ourqwpreviousqwknowledgeqwfillsqwinqwbackgroundqwinformationqwwheneverqwwe’reqwunderstand
ingqwanqwevqwentqworqwconversation.
b. readersqwareqwlikelyqwtoqw knowqwsomeoneqw namedq w Jacob.
c. English,qwunlikeqwotherq w languages,qwrequiresqwspeakersqwtoqwmentionqwallq w ofqwtheqwpeopl
eqwinvolvedq w iq w nqwanqwevent.
d. theqwindividualqw sentencesqwareqwshort.
ANS:q w A DIF: Easy REF:
TheqwBroadqwRoleqwforAMemoryqw OBJ: 1.1 MSC:q w Understanding
5. Whichqwofqwtheqw followingqw statementsqw isq w LEASTqw likelyqwtoqw applyqwtoqw patientq w H.M.?
a. “Heqwcannotqwrememberqw whatqwheqwdidqw earlierqw today,q w includingqweventsqwthatqw tookq w placeqw justqwanqw hourqw ago.”
b. “Heqwreadqw thisqw storyqwlastq w month,q w butqw heqw wasq w stillqw surprisedq w byqwhowqwtheq w storyqwturnedq w out.”
c. “Evenqwthoughqw heqwhasqwencounteredqw theqwnurseq w manyqwtimes,q w heqwisqw stillqw unableqwtoqw recognizeqw her.”
d. “Heqwrememberedqw thatqw itq w wasq w onlyqwaqw weekq w agoqw thatqw he’dqw heardqw theqw sadqw newsq w thatqw hisq w uncleqwhadqw died.”
ANS:q w D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiaqwandqwMemoryqwLossq w OBJ: 1.2 MSC:q w Applying
6. ResearchqwwithqwH.M.qwprovidesqwanAillustrationq w forqwwhichqw majorqwthemeqwofqwtheqwchapter?
a. Introspectionqwisqwanqwimportantqwresearchqwtoolqw forqwcognitiveqwpsychologists.
b. Cognitiveqwpsychologyqwcanqwhelpqwusqwunderstandqwaqwwideqwrangeqwofqwactivitiesqwthatqwdepe
ndqwonqwsomeoqwne’sqwabilityqwtoqwremember.
c. Memoryqwisqw notq w veryqwimportant.
d. Theqwdisruptionqwcausedqwbyqwbrainqwdamageqwdependsqwonqwhowqwwidespreadqwtheqwdamageqwis
,qwandqwnotqwonq w theqwspecificqwsitesqwthatqwareqwdamaged.
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF:
TheqwScopeqwofqwCognitiveqw Psych
olog
y
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. PatientsqwsufferingAfromqw clinicalqw amnesiaq w areq w characterizedq w by
a. memoryqwdysfunction. c. inarticulateq w speech.
b. anqwinabilityqwtoqw recognizeqw pat d. impairedqwlanguageqwcomprehension.
terns
.
ANS:q w A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiaqwandqwMemoryqwLossq w OBJ: 1.2 MSC:q w Remembering
8. Theqwtermqw“introspection”qwrefersqwtoqw the
a. processqwbyqw whichqwoneqwindividualqw seeksqw toqw inferq w theqw thoughtsqw ofqwanotherqw individual.
LEARNINGqwOBJECTIVES
1.1. Describeqwtheqwscopeqwandqw goalsqw ofqwcognitiveqwpsychology.
1.2. Understandqwtheqwcaseqwofqw H.M.,qw andqwtheqwmanyqwwaysq w thatqw memoryqwinfluencesqwourAlives.
1.3. Describeqwtheqwlimitationsqwofqwintrospectionqwasqwaqwmethodqwforqwscientificqwinquiry.
1.4. Compareqwandqwcontrastqwclassicalqw(Watsonian)qwbehaviorismqwandqwcognitiveqwpsychology.
1.5. Kant’sqw“transcendentalqwmethod”qwisqwsometimesqw calledqw“inferenceqwtoqwbestqw explanation.”qwExplainqwthisqwmethodqwandqwhowq
witworks.
1.6. Describeqwtheqwrole,qwinqwtheqwemergenceqwofqwcognitiveqwpsychology,qwthatq w wasqwplayedq w byqwcomputerq w scienceqw
andqwtheqwdevelop-qwmentqwofqw“computerqwintelligence.”
MULTIPLEqwCHOICE
1. Whichqwofqwtheqwfollowingqwtopicsqwisqw NOTqwcommonlyqwstudiedq w withinqw cognitiveqwpsychology?
a. angerqwmanagemen c. memory
t
d. Attention
b. decisionqwmaking
ANS:q w A DIF: Easy REF:
TheqwScopeqwofqwCognitiveqw Psychologyq w OBJ: 1.1 MSC:q w Understanding
2. Cognitiveqwprocessesqw areqwNOTqwnecessaryqwforq w whichqw dailyqwactivity?
a. readingqwaqwnewspap c. talkingqw onq w theqw phone
er
d. breathing
b. studyingqwforqw aqwte
st
ANS:q w D DIF: Easy REF:
TheqwScopeqwofqwCognitiveqw Psych
olog
y
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssaq w wantsqw toqw beqw aq w psychologistq w butq w isq w unsureq w whichq w topicqw withinq w psychologyq w mostq w inte
restsq w her.qw Whichq w oqwfqwtheq w followingq w topicsq w wouldq w beq w LEASTq w likelyq w toq w leadq w herq w intoq w cognitiveq w psyc
hology?
a. amnesia n
b. languageqwacquisitio
,c. Lymeqwdisease
d. problem-
solvingqwstrategies
, ANS:q w C DIF: Easy REF:
TheqwScopeqwofqwCognitiveqw Psychologyq w OBJ: 1.1 MSC:q w Applying
4. Considerq w theq w sequenceq w “Betsyq w wantedq w toq w bringq w Jacobq w aq w present.q w Sheq w shookq w herq w piggyq w ban
k.”q w Mostq w people,q w aftqwerq w hearingqwthisq w sequence,q w believeq w Betsyqw wasq w checkingqwherq w piggyqwbankq w toq w seeq w ifq w sheq
w hadq w moneyqwtoq w spendq w onq w theq w gift.qw Thisq w inferenqwceqwaboutqwBetsy’sqwgoalsqwdependsqwonqwtheqwfactqwthat
a. ourqwpreviousqwknowledgeqwfillsqwinqwbackgroundqwinformationqwwheneverqwwe’reqwunderstand
ingqwanqwevqwentqworqwconversation.
b. readersqwareqwlikelyqwtoqw knowqwsomeoneqw namedq w Jacob.
c. English,qwunlikeqwotherq w languages,qwrequiresqwspeakersqwtoqwmentionqwallq w ofqwtheqwpeopl
eqwinvolvedq w iq w nqwanqwevent.
d. theqwindividualqw sentencesqwareqwshort.
ANS:q w A DIF: Easy REF:
TheqwBroadqwRoleqwforAMemoryqw OBJ: 1.1 MSC:q w Understanding
5. Whichqwofqwtheqw followingqw statementsqw isq w LEASTqw likelyqwtoqw applyqwtoqw patientq w H.M.?
a. “Heqwcannotqwrememberqw whatqwheqwdidqw earlierqw today,q w includingqweventsqwthatqw tookq w placeqw justqwanqw hourqw ago.”
b. “Heqwreadqw thisqw storyqwlastq w month,q w butqw heqw wasq w stillqw surprisedq w byqwhowqwtheq w storyqwturnedq w out.”
c. “Evenqwthoughqw heqwhasqwencounteredqw theqwnurseq w manyqwtimes,q w heqwisqw stillqw unableqwtoqw recognizeqw her.”
d. “Heqwrememberedqw thatqw itq w wasq w onlyqwaqw weekq w agoqw thatqw he’dqw heardqw theqw sadqw newsq w thatqw hisq w uncleqwhadqw died.”
ANS:q w D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiaqwandqwMemoryqwLossq w OBJ: 1.2 MSC:q w Applying
6. ResearchqwwithqwH.M.qwprovidesqwanAillustrationq w forqwwhichqw majorqwthemeqwofqwtheqwchapter?
a. Introspectionqwisqwanqwimportantqwresearchqwtoolqw forqwcognitiveqwpsychologists.
b. Cognitiveqwpsychologyqwcanqwhelpqwusqwunderstandqwaqwwideqwrangeqwofqwactivitiesqwthatqwdepe
ndqwonqwsomeoqwne’sqwabilityqwtoqwremember.
c. Memoryqwisqw notq w veryqwimportant.
d. Theqwdisruptionqwcausedqwbyqwbrainqwdamageqwdependsqwonqwhowqwwidespreadqwtheqwdamageqwis
,qwandqwnotqwonq w theqwspecificqwsitesqwthatqwareqwdamaged.
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF:
TheqwScopeqwofqwCognitiveqw Psych
olog
y
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. PatientsqwsufferingAfromqw clinicalqw amnesiaq w areq w characterizedq w by
a. memoryqwdysfunction. c. inarticulateq w speech.
b. anqwinabilityqwtoqw recognizeqw pat d. impairedqwlanguageqwcomprehension.
terns
.
ANS:q w A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiaqwandqwMemoryqwLossq w OBJ: 1.2 MSC:q w Remembering
8. Theqwtermqw“introspection”qwrefersqwtoqw the
a. processqwbyqw whichqwoneqwindividualqw seeksqw toqw inferq w theqw thoughtsqw ofqwanotherqw individual.
