HBS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Anterior - (ANSWER)Situated toward the front of the body
Deep - (ANSWER)Away from the body surface, more internal
Directional terms - (ANSWER)Terms used to explain where one body structure is related to another
Distal - (ANSWER)Situated from the point of attachment or origin or a center point; located away from
the center of the body.
Dorsal - (ANSWER)Being or located near,or on,or toward the back, or posterior part of the human body.
Inferior - (ANSWER)Directional term meaning BELOW
Lateral - (ANSWER)Of or relating to the side; especially of a body part.
Medial - (ANSWER)Lying or extending in the middle; especially of a body part.
Posterior - (ANSWER)Situated at or toward back part of the body.
Proximal - (ANSWER)Situated next to or near the point of attachment or origin or center point.
Superficial - (ANSWER)Of, relating to, or located near the surface.
Superior - (ANSWER)directional term meaning ABOVE
Human Body System - (ANSWER)A group of body of organs or structures that together perform one or
more vital functions.
,HBS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Ventral - (ANSWER)Pertaining to the anterior front side of the body; opposite of dorsal.
ATP - (ANSWER)This is a packet of cellular energy.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) - (ANSWER)The rate at which heat is given off by an organism at complete
rest
Body mass index (BMI) - (ANSWER)A measure of body fat that is the ratio of the weight of the body in
kilograms to the square of its height in meters
Digestion - (ANSWER)The process of making food absorbable mechanically and enzymatically breaking it
down into simpler chemical compounds in the alimentary canal
Digestive system - (ANSWER)The bodily system concerned with the ingestion, digestion, and absorption
of food.
Enzyme - (ANSWER)A protein serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent that changes the rate of reaction
without being consumed by the reaction.
Esophagus - (ANSWER)A muscular tube that is about nine inches long and enters the stomach
Gallblader - (ANSWER)a membranous sac in which bile from the liver is stored
Gastrointestinal Tract - (ANSWER)The stomach and intestine as a functional unit
Large intestine - (ANSWER)this digestive organ is often referred to as the colon and concerned especially
with the reabsorption of water and the formation of feces
Liver - (ANSWER)this organ performs diverse functions such as producing bile, preparing nitrogenous
wastes for disposal and detoxifying poisonous chemicals in the blood
, HBS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Oral Cavity - (ANSWER)The part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the
hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the
inner part of the mandible
Pancreas - (ANSWER)A gland with dual functions: the non-endocrine portion secretes digestive enzymes
and an alkaline solution into the small intestine via a duct; the endocrine portion secretes the hormone
insulin and glucagon into the blood.
Peristalsis - (ANSWER)Successive muscular contractions along the wall of a hollow muscular structure.
Pharynx - (ANSWER)An area in the vertebrate throat where food and air passage cross.
Salivary amylase - (ANSWER)A salivary gland enzyme that digest starch and carbohydrates.
Salivary gland. - (ANSWER)Exocrine glands associated with the oral cavity. The secretions of salivary
glands contain substances to lubricate food, adhere together chewed pieces into a bolus, and begin the
process of chemical digestion.
Small intestine. - (ANSWER)The part of the intestine that lies between the stomach and the colon,
consist of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, secretes digestive enzymes, and is the chief site of the
absorption of digested nutrients.
Stomach - (ANSWER)this digestive organ connects the esophagus and the duodenum of the small
intestine
Adipose tissue - (ANSWER)Connective tissue in which fat is stored and which has the cells distended by
droplets of fat which serve as shock absorbers and long term energy storage.
Appendicular skeleton - (ANSWER)Bones of the limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton.
Anterior - (ANSWER)Situated toward the front of the body
Deep - (ANSWER)Away from the body surface, more internal
Directional terms - (ANSWER)Terms used to explain where one body structure is related to another
Distal - (ANSWER)Situated from the point of attachment or origin or a center point; located away from
the center of the body.
Dorsal - (ANSWER)Being or located near,or on,or toward the back, or posterior part of the human body.
Inferior - (ANSWER)Directional term meaning BELOW
Lateral - (ANSWER)Of or relating to the side; especially of a body part.
Medial - (ANSWER)Lying or extending in the middle; especially of a body part.
Posterior - (ANSWER)Situated at or toward back part of the body.
Proximal - (ANSWER)Situated next to or near the point of attachment or origin or center point.
Superficial - (ANSWER)Of, relating to, or located near the surface.
Superior - (ANSWER)directional term meaning ABOVE
Human Body System - (ANSWER)A group of body of organs or structures that together perform one or
more vital functions.
,HBS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Ventral - (ANSWER)Pertaining to the anterior front side of the body; opposite of dorsal.
ATP - (ANSWER)This is a packet of cellular energy.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) - (ANSWER)The rate at which heat is given off by an organism at complete
rest
Body mass index (BMI) - (ANSWER)A measure of body fat that is the ratio of the weight of the body in
kilograms to the square of its height in meters
Digestion - (ANSWER)The process of making food absorbable mechanically and enzymatically breaking it
down into simpler chemical compounds in the alimentary canal
Digestive system - (ANSWER)The bodily system concerned with the ingestion, digestion, and absorption
of food.
Enzyme - (ANSWER)A protein serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent that changes the rate of reaction
without being consumed by the reaction.
Esophagus - (ANSWER)A muscular tube that is about nine inches long and enters the stomach
Gallblader - (ANSWER)a membranous sac in which bile from the liver is stored
Gastrointestinal Tract - (ANSWER)The stomach and intestine as a functional unit
Large intestine - (ANSWER)this digestive organ is often referred to as the colon and concerned especially
with the reabsorption of water and the formation of feces
Liver - (ANSWER)this organ performs diverse functions such as producing bile, preparing nitrogenous
wastes for disposal and detoxifying poisonous chemicals in the blood
, HBS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Oral Cavity - (ANSWER)The part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the
hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the
inner part of the mandible
Pancreas - (ANSWER)A gland with dual functions: the non-endocrine portion secretes digestive enzymes
and an alkaline solution into the small intestine via a duct; the endocrine portion secretes the hormone
insulin and glucagon into the blood.
Peristalsis - (ANSWER)Successive muscular contractions along the wall of a hollow muscular structure.
Pharynx - (ANSWER)An area in the vertebrate throat where food and air passage cross.
Salivary amylase - (ANSWER)A salivary gland enzyme that digest starch and carbohydrates.
Salivary gland. - (ANSWER)Exocrine glands associated with the oral cavity. The secretions of salivary
glands contain substances to lubricate food, adhere together chewed pieces into a bolus, and begin the
process of chemical digestion.
Small intestine. - (ANSWER)The part of the intestine that lies between the stomach and the colon,
consist of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, secretes digestive enzymes, and is the chief site of the
absorption of digested nutrients.
Stomach - (ANSWER)this digestive organ connects the esophagus and the duodenum of the small
intestine
Adipose tissue - (ANSWER)Connective tissue in which fat is stored and which has the cells distended by
droplets of fat which serve as shock absorbers and long term energy storage.
Appendicular skeleton - (ANSWER)Bones of the limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton.
