WGU D027 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Autosomal Dominant - (ANSWER)1 parent has, 50% change of child having
Autosomal Recessive - (ANSWER)Both parents are carriers, 25% change of child having, 50% chance
child is a carrier.
Cystic Fibrosis - (ANSWER)affects pancreas causing secretions in lungs
21st Trisomy - (ANSWER)Down Syndrome
Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY) - (ANSWER)male has extra X, female like qualities
Turner Syndrome - (ANSWER)Missing X in females
Alpha Thalassemia - (ANSWER)inherited blood disorder; mild to severe anemia
Beta Thallasemia - (ANSWER)low hemoglobin; contraindicated medication ferrous sulfate
Prevalence Risk - (ANSWER)proportion of the population affected at a certain time
Incidence rate - (ANSWER)number of new cases divided by population
Innate immunity - (ANSWER)inflammation; increased vascular permeability
B&T lymphocytes - (ANSWER)immune response
primary malignant tumor - (ANSWER)lack of organization of cells
,WGU D027 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
glucocorticoids - (ANSWER)used in combination with other agent to treat lymphoid tissue (leukemia).
glucocorticoids are directly toxic to lymphoid tissues.
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) - (ANSWER)for hormone receptor positive and advanced
breast cancer. (Tamoxifin reduces risk and recurrence risk)
Heart failure - (ANSWER)impairment of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood; heart cannot meet
metabolic need of the body.
CHF - (ANSWER)heart cannot keep up with metabolic needs; volume overload in pulmonary area
Left Ventricular Dysfunction - (ANSWER)reduced ejection fraction; ventricle having issue ejecting blood.
normal ejection fraction - (ANSWER)55 - 60 % (blood pumped out with each heartbeat)
Ejection fraction of 50% - reduced or preserved? - (ANSWER)preserved
Diastolic CHF - (ANSWER)preserved ejection fraction, problem is with filling
Systolic CHF - (ANSWER)reduced ejection fraction, problem is with ejecting
Left sided CHF - (ANSWER)pulmonary (JVD, fluid volume overload, rails, S-3 murmurs) ** #1 cause of
Right sided CHF
BNP - (ANSWER)gold standard lab test to diagnose CHF
Echocardiogram - (ANSWER)Diagnostic tool, evaluates heart structure and function
At Risk for HF - Stage A - (ANSWER)no structural heart disease or symptoms of heart failure
, WGU D027 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Stage A HF co-morbidities - (ANSWER)htn, atherosclerotic disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome,
patients using cardiotoxins with family history
Therapy goals of stage A HF - (ANSWER)treat htn, encourage smoking cessation, encourage regular
exercise, treat lipid disorders, discourage alcohol intake/drug use, control metabolic syndrome
Meds: ACEI or Angiotensin II RB for vascular disease or diabetes (avapro, losartan, benicar, diovan, etc)
At Risk for HF - Stage B - (ANSWER)structural heart disease but no symptoms of heart failure
Stage B HF co-morbidities - (ANSWER)previous MI, LV remodeling with LV hypertrophy and low EF,
asymptomatic valvular disease
Therapy goals of Stage B HF - (ANSWER)Meds: ACEI or ARB, Beta-blockers, inplantable defibrillators
Stage C heart failure - (ANSWER)structural heart disease with prior or current symptoms of HF
Presentation of Stage C HF - (ANSWER)known structural heart disease and shortness of breath and
fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance
Therapy for Stage C HF - (ANSWER)dietary salt restriction, MEDS: diuretic, ACEI, beta blockers. Some
patients: aldosterone antagonist, ARBs, digitalis, hydralazine/nitrates, biventricular pacing, inplantable
defibrillators
Stage D heart failure - (ANSWER)refractory HF requiring specialized interventions
Presentation of Stage D HF - (ANSWER)marked symptoms at rest despite maximal medical therapy
(recurrently hospitalized or cannot be safely discharged without specialized interventions)
Autosomal Dominant - (ANSWER)1 parent has, 50% change of child having
Autosomal Recessive - (ANSWER)Both parents are carriers, 25% change of child having, 50% chance
child is a carrier.
Cystic Fibrosis - (ANSWER)affects pancreas causing secretions in lungs
21st Trisomy - (ANSWER)Down Syndrome
Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY) - (ANSWER)male has extra X, female like qualities
Turner Syndrome - (ANSWER)Missing X in females
Alpha Thalassemia - (ANSWER)inherited blood disorder; mild to severe anemia
Beta Thallasemia - (ANSWER)low hemoglobin; contraindicated medication ferrous sulfate
Prevalence Risk - (ANSWER)proportion of the population affected at a certain time
Incidence rate - (ANSWER)number of new cases divided by population
Innate immunity - (ANSWER)inflammation; increased vascular permeability
B&T lymphocytes - (ANSWER)immune response
primary malignant tumor - (ANSWER)lack of organization of cells
,WGU D027 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
glucocorticoids - (ANSWER)used in combination with other agent to treat lymphoid tissue (leukemia).
glucocorticoids are directly toxic to lymphoid tissues.
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) - (ANSWER)for hormone receptor positive and advanced
breast cancer. (Tamoxifin reduces risk and recurrence risk)
Heart failure - (ANSWER)impairment of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood; heart cannot meet
metabolic need of the body.
CHF - (ANSWER)heart cannot keep up with metabolic needs; volume overload in pulmonary area
Left Ventricular Dysfunction - (ANSWER)reduced ejection fraction; ventricle having issue ejecting blood.
normal ejection fraction - (ANSWER)55 - 60 % (blood pumped out with each heartbeat)
Ejection fraction of 50% - reduced or preserved? - (ANSWER)preserved
Diastolic CHF - (ANSWER)preserved ejection fraction, problem is with filling
Systolic CHF - (ANSWER)reduced ejection fraction, problem is with ejecting
Left sided CHF - (ANSWER)pulmonary (JVD, fluid volume overload, rails, S-3 murmurs) ** #1 cause of
Right sided CHF
BNP - (ANSWER)gold standard lab test to diagnose CHF
Echocardiogram - (ANSWER)Diagnostic tool, evaluates heart structure and function
At Risk for HF - Stage A - (ANSWER)no structural heart disease or symptoms of heart failure
, WGU D027 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Stage A HF co-morbidities - (ANSWER)htn, atherosclerotic disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome,
patients using cardiotoxins with family history
Therapy goals of stage A HF - (ANSWER)treat htn, encourage smoking cessation, encourage regular
exercise, treat lipid disorders, discourage alcohol intake/drug use, control metabolic syndrome
Meds: ACEI or Angiotensin II RB for vascular disease or diabetes (avapro, losartan, benicar, diovan, etc)
At Risk for HF - Stage B - (ANSWER)structural heart disease but no symptoms of heart failure
Stage B HF co-morbidities - (ANSWER)previous MI, LV remodeling with LV hypertrophy and low EF,
asymptomatic valvular disease
Therapy goals of Stage B HF - (ANSWER)Meds: ACEI or ARB, Beta-blockers, inplantable defibrillators
Stage C heart failure - (ANSWER)structural heart disease with prior or current symptoms of HF
Presentation of Stage C HF - (ANSWER)known structural heart disease and shortness of breath and
fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance
Therapy for Stage C HF - (ANSWER)dietary salt restriction, MEDS: diuretic, ACEI, beta blockers. Some
patients: aldosterone antagonist, ARBs, digitalis, hydralazine/nitrates, biventricular pacing, inplantable
defibrillators
Stage D heart failure - (ANSWER)refractory HF requiring specialized interventions
Presentation of Stage D HF - (ANSWER)marked symptoms at rest despite maximal medical therapy
(recurrently hospitalized or cannot be safely discharged without specialized interventions)
