PYB159 Exam ACTUAL UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
prior 1890's - - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Dangerous substances were covered under the
Poisons Acts of each colony
Pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅What the body does to the drug
Oral - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅(Small intestine - Liver - Circulation)
Smoked - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅(Mouth/lung lining - Circulation)
IV - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Directly into circulation
Distribution - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Organs with high blood flow first (Brain etc...)
Fat, muscles and skin later
Metabolism & excretion - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Mostly via urine, some through lungs
or gut
Synapses - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Brain - millions of pathways (nerves) similar to a
mass of electrical wires
neurotransmitters - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Communication using chemical messages
( Many drugs act by mimicking normal neurotransmitters, Occupying receptor sites and
sending "false" messages)
Drug dependence - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅After period of continual use can become
dependant on a drug - Social, psychological and physical
Drug tolerance - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅When dependant, less affected by drug/need
more to feel effects
, Drug withdrawal - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅When physically dependant, cessation results
in ____- In general symptoms have opposite effect of the drug
cross-dependence - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅One substance can take place of another to
continue physical dependence and avoid withdrawal
Drug Classes: Depressants - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Slow down brain and body
May cause initial high/euphoria
Small doses: relaxation/drowsiness
Large doses: can cause loss of consciousness, respiratory inhibition, and even death
Alcohol STE - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅• happy, more relaxed, less concentration, slow
reflexes, less inhibited, disinhibited, more confidence, less coordination, slurred speech,
intense moods, confusion, blurred vision, poor muscle control, nausea, vomiting, sleep, coma
or death
Alcohol LTE - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅• Nervous system
○ Brain damage - effects on memory (Korsakoff's syndrome)
• Liver
○ Worst case scenario - Cirrhosis Liver Cancer
• Withdrawal related risks
○ Seizures and in worst case death
• Other health effects
○ Heart, Muscles, Pancreas, Sexual organs, Skin, Stomach, Intestines etc...
• Emotional/Psychological/Social
Cannabis STE
• THC is the main active ingredient
• Binds to cannabinoid receptors - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅• Interferes with normal
functioning of brain
• Cerebellum
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
prior 1890's - - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Dangerous substances were covered under the
Poisons Acts of each colony
Pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅What the body does to the drug
Oral - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅(Small intestine - Liver - Circulation)
Smoked - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅(Mouth/lung lining - Circulation)
IV - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Directly into circulation
Distribution - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Organs with high blood flow first (Brain etc...)
Fat, muscles and skin later
Metabolism & excretion - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Mostly via urine, some through lungs
or gut
Synapses - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Brain - millions of pathways (nerves) similar to a
mass of electrical wires
neurotransmitters - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Communication using chemical messages
( Many drugs act by mimicking normal neurotransmitters, Occupying receptor sites and
sending "false" messages)
Drug dependence - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅After period of continual use can become
dependant on a drug - Social, psychological and physical
Drug tolerance - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅When dependant, less affected by drug/need
more to feel effects
, Drug withdrawal - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅When physically dependant, cessation results
in ____- In general symptoms have opposite effect of the drug
cross-dependence - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅One substance can take place of another to
continue physical dependence and avoid withdrawal
Drug Classes: Depressants - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Slow down brain and body
May cause initial high/euphoria
Small doses: relaxation/drowsiness
Large doses: can cause loss of consciousness, respiratory inhibition, and even death
Alcohol STE - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅• happy, more relaxed, less concentration, slow
reflexes, less inhibited, disinhibited, more confidence, less coordination, slurred speech,
intense moods, confusion, blurred vision, poor muscle control, nausea, vomiting, sleep, coma
or death
Alcohol LTE - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅• Nervous system
○ Brain damage - effects on memory (Korsakoff's syndrome)
• Liver
○ Worst case scenario - Cirrhosis Liver Cancer
• Withdrawal related risks
○ Seizures and in worst case death
• Other health effects
○ Heart, Muscles, Pancreas, Sexual organs, Skin, Stomach, Intestines etc...
• Emotional/Psychological/Social
Cannabis STE
• THC is the main active ingredient
• Binds to cannabinoid receptors - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅• Interferes with normal
functioning of brain
• Cerebellum
