Sharp ESO Updated 2025-2026 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Terms in this set (94) Questions Verified Answers
1. End Tidal CO2 the maximum CO2 concentration at the
end of each tidal breath, which can be
used to assess disease severity and
response to treatment. Reflects cardiac
output during CPR. Can be used to
measure the effectiveness of cardiac
compressions and assessment of return
of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)
after cardiac event
2. ROSC Return of spontaneous circulation is
established with the presence of
palpable pulse, blood pressure, abrupt
sustained increase in end tidal CO2
, (typically > 40mmHg) after cardiac
arrest
3. therapeutic hypothermia Core temperature 32-36 C (89.6-96.8 F)
4. joules for defibrillation Defibrillation Joules: 200 joules
5. joules for cardioversion Cardioversion joules: 200 joules
Physicians may order 75-120-150-200
for conditions not covered in ESO
policy
6. For the patient not following Consider initiation of therapeutic
commands after 120 minutes of ROSC hypothermia
7. Treatment of pulseless arrests Provide 2 minutes of CPR-avoiding
interruptions in compressions
8. Asystole treatment i. CPR (2 min.)
ii. O2 at 15 L/min. ambu bag
iii. Epinephrine 1 mg IVP/IO (use
epinephrine 0.1 mg/ml), repeat q 3-5
minutes
iv. Repeat CPR and Epinephrine
administration if no signs of ROSC
9. Unstable Bradycardia i. O2 at minimum 10 L/min. NRBM
ii. If transvenous leads or epicardial
pacing wires present, connect to a pulse
generator and initiate pacing per
, protocol.
If no response, perform the following:
iii. Atropine 1 mg IVP/IO, repeat q 3-5
minutes max 3 mg
iv. Transcutaneous pacing as soon as
possible
If above algorithm is ineffective:
v. Start dopamine 400 mg/250 ml D5W
infusion at 5 mcg/kg/minute. Titrate to
patient response up to
20mcg/kg/minute
If above algorithm is ineffective, start
epinephrine 2 mg/ 250 ml NS @ 2
mcg/min., titrate to patient response up
to 10 mcg/minute
10. Pulseless Electrical Activity i. CPR 2 minutes and assess for
possible causes
The H's:
-Hypovolemia
-Hypoxia
-Hydrogen ion (acidosis)
-Hypokalemia
-Hyperkalemia
, -Hypoglycemia
-Hypothermia
The T's:
-Toxins
-Cardiac Tamponade
-Thrombosis
-Trauma
-Tension pneumothorax
ii. O2 at 15 L/min ambu bag
iii. Epinephrine 1 mg IVP/IO (use
epinephrine 0.1 mg/mL), repeat q 3-5
minutes
iv. Repeat CPR and Epinephrine
administration if no signs of ROSC
v. If hypovolemia known or suspected,
infuse 250 mL NS may be substituted
with LF if currently infusing). Repeat
in 5 minutes if no clinical
improvement.
vi. Stat CXR
11. Ventricular Tachycardia (Wide i. Call the physician for orders
Complex): Stable ii. O2 at minimum 4 L/min. NC and
adjust per patient status
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Terms in this set (94) Questions Verified Answers
1. End Tidal CO2 the maximum CO2 concentration at the
end of each tidal breath, which can be
used to assess disease severity and
response to treatment. Reflects cardiac
output during CPR. Can be used to
measure the effectiveness of cardiac
compressions and assessment of return
of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)
after cardiac event
2. ROSC Return of spontaneous circulation is
established with the presence of
palpable pulse, blood pressure, abrupt
sustained increase in end tidal CO2
, (typically > 40mmHg) after cardiac
arrest
3. therapeutic hypothermia Core temperature 32-36 C (89.6-96.8 F)
4. joules for defibrillation Defibrillation Joules: 200 joules
5. joules for cardioversion Cardioversion joules: 200 joules
Physicians may order 75-120-150-200
for conditions not covered in ESO
policy
6. For the patient not following Consider initiation of therapeutic
commands after 120 minutes of ROSC hypothermia
7. Treatment of pulseless arrests Provide 2 minutes of CPR-avoiding
interruptions in compressions
8. Asystole treatment i. CPR (2 min.)
ii. O2 at 15 L/min. ambu bag
iii. Epinephrine 1 mg IVP/IO (use
epinephrine 0.1 mg/ml), repeat q 3-5
minutes
iv. Repeat CPR and Epinephrine
administration if no signs of ROSC
9. Unstable Bradycardia i. O2 at minimum 10 L/min. NRBM
ii. If transvenous leads or epicardial
pacing wires present, connect to a pulse
generator and initiate pacing per
, protocol.
If no response, perform the following:
iii. Atropine 1 mg IVP/IO, repeat q 3-5
minutes max 3 mg
iv. Transcutaneous pacing as soon as
possible
If above algorithm is ineffective:
v. Start dopamine 400 mg/250 ml D5W
infusion at 5 mcg/kg/minute. Titrate to
patient response up to
20mcg/kg/minute
If above algorithm is ineffective, start
epinephrine 2 mg/ 250 ml NS @ 2
mcg/min., titrate to patient response up
to 10 mcg/minute
10. Pulseless Electrical Activity i. CPR 2 minutes and assess for
possible causes
The H's:
-Hypovolemia
-Hypoxia
-Hydrogen ion (acidosis)
-Hypokalemia
-Hyperkalemia
, -Hypoglycemia
-Hypothermia
The T's:
-Toxins
-Cardiac Tamponade
-Thrombosis
-Trauma
-Tension pneumothorax
ii. O2 at 15 L/min ambu bag
iii. Epinephrine 1 mg IVP/IO (use
epinephrine 0.1 mg/mL), repeat q 3-5
minutes
iv. Repeat CPR and Epinephrine
administration if no signs of ROSC
v. If hypovolemia known or suspected,
infuse 250 mL NS may be substituted
with LF if currently infusing). Repeat
in 5 minutes if no clinical
improvement.
vi. Stat CXR
11. Ventricular Tachycardia (Wide i. Call the physician for orders
Complex): Stable ii. O2 at minimum 4 L/min. NC and
adjust per patient status
