MTMI Mammography Review
Informed Consent - answerIf below the age 50, pt should talk to MD to see if
mammogram is appropriate. They should be asking if they should have the exam done.
1980s - answerScreenings Started in what year?
Female Disease - answerBreast cancer is primarily a _________ disease.
40 - answerAnnual mammography should begin at what age?
good health - answerAnnual mammography should continue as long as the patient
is..........
20s - answerBSE should begin at what age?
20-39 (optional) - answerCBE should occur for what ages?
at least every 3 years - answerCBE should occur how often?
Asymptomatic - answerScreening mammogram is for what type of women?
X-ray breast examination of asymptomatic women in an attempt to detect breast cancer
when it is small, nonpalpable and confined to the breast. - answerDefine Screening
Mammogram
Mammography performed on patients who, by virtue of symptoms, physical findings, or
screening mammograms, are considered to have a substantial likelihood of having
breast disease. - answerDefine Diagnostic Mammography
Compare current with priors; earlier detection of abnormalities. - answerWhy should we
receive previous images?
1. Quadrants
2. Clock
3. Depth - answer3 ways to describe location of pt complain on breast
6th or 7th rib. (IMF) - answerDescribe anatomical location of Inferior breast
1st or 2nd rib (Clavicle) - answerDescribe anatomical location of Superior portion of
breast
Sternum - answerDescribe anatomical location of Medial portion of breast
,Midaxillary line - answerDescribe anatomical location of Lateral portion of breast
Nipple - answerWhere is the Apex of the breast?
Chestwall - answerWhere is the base of the breast?
5-15 - answerNipple contains how many openings?
Lactiferous - answerThe openings of the nipple contain milk ducts that transport mile
from the __________ sinus
1. Axillary Tail
2. Tail of Spence
3. Tail of the breast
4. Axillary appendage - answerNames for the upper outer quadrant that extends inot the
axilla
1. Clavicle
2. Sternum
3. IMF
4. Mid-axillary line - answerName the pectoral muscle margins
Cooper's Ligaments - answer1. scalloped bands of fibrous connective tissue extending
fro the prepectoral fascia to the skin
2. support the glandualar tissue
3. support the ducts, blood vessels, and varying quantities of adipose tissue
4. connect superficial and deep
Terminal Duct Lobular Unit - answerWhat does TDLU stand for?
TDLU - answerThe lobule plus a small portion of the duct hold the milk producing
elements (acinus)
ELTD
(Extralobular Terminal Duct)
*where the stem enters - answerThe final branch of the terminal duct as it enters the
lobule
ILTD
(Intralobular Terminal Duct)
*Spine of the leaf - answerThe portion of the terminal duct within the lobule
ELTD - answer85% Ductal
ILTD - answer10% lobular
, Epithelial cell layer - answerWhere do most breast cancers arise?
Myoepithelial Cell - answerWhat type of cells tells you what it is cancer or not?
Benign - answerIf a myoepithelial cell is present in hyperplastic tissue, is it benign or
cancer?
Cancer - answerIf a myoepithelial cell is absentin hyperplastic tissue, is it benign or
cancer?
Modified Sweat gland. - answerThe mammary gland is a _________________.
1. Little fat
2. Prepubertal
3. Nulliparous
4. Pardiographically dense - answerCharacteristics of a fibroglandular breast.
Annually (and at installation) - answerFrequency of medical physicist tests
18 x 24 cm
24 x 30 cm - answerTwo sizes of IRSD ( Image receptor support devices)
5:1 - answerTypically grid ratio
Height to the width of interspaces (not the grid bars) in the grid - answerDefine grid ratio
1. Reduces Scatter
2. Increase contrast, short scale - answerHow does compression affect the image?
2-3x - answerHow much does a grid increase dose?
1. 2%
2. Chestwall - answerCollimation:
The usefull x-ray beam must extend to or beyond the edges of the image receptor but
by more than ___% of the SID at the _____________
close collimation allowed distracting light to shine through unexposed part of film,
making interpretation difficult. - answerWhy should we not collimate on standard views?
160 lux (field light) - answerBeam limitation provides an average illumination of
_______?
25-45 POUNDS - answerAccording to MQSA, what is the average compression range?
1. less geometric unsharpness
Informed Consent - answerIf below the age 50, pt should talk to MD to see if
mammogram is appropriate. They should be asking if they should have the exam done.
1980s - answerScreenings Started in what year?
Female Disease - answerBreast cancer is primarily a _________ disease.
40 - answerAnnual mammography should begin at what age?
good health - answerAnnual mammography should continue as long as the patient
is..........
20s - answerBSE should begin at what age?
20-39 (optional) - answerCBE should occur for what ages?
at least every 3 years - answerCBE should occur how often?
Asymptomatic - answerScreening mammogram is for what type of women?
X-ray breast examination of asymptomatic women in an attempt to detect breast cancer
when it is small, nonpalpable and confined to the breast. - answerDefine Screening
Mammogram
Mammography performed on patients who, by virtue of symptoms, physical findings, or
screening mammograms, are considered to have a substantial likelihood of having
breast disease. - answerDefine Diagnostic Mammography
Compare current with priors; earlier detection of abnormalities. - answerWhy should we
receive previous images?
1. Quadrants
2. Clock
3. Depth - answer3 ways to describe location of pt complain on breast
6th or 7th rib. (IMF) - answerDescribe anatomical location of Inferior breast
1st or 2nd rib (Clavicle) - answerDescribe anatomical location of Superior portion of
breast
Sternum - answerDescribe anatomical location of Medial portion of breast
,Midaxillary line - answerDescribe anatomical location of Lateral portion of breast
Nipple - answerWhere is the Apex of the breast?
Chestwall - answerWhere is the base of the breast?
5-15 - answerNipple contains how many openings?
Lactiferous - answerThe openings of the nipple contain milk ducts that transport mile
from the __________ sinus
1. Axillary Tail
2. Tail of Spence
3. Tail of the breast
4. Axillary appendage - answerNames for the upper outer quadrant that extends inot the
axilla
1. Clavicle
2. Sternum
3. IMF
4. Mid-axillary line - answerName the pectoral muscle margins
Cooper's Ligaments - answer1. scalloped bands of fibrous connective tissue extending
fro the prepectoral fascia to the skin
2. support the glandualar tissue
3. support the ducts, blood vessels, and varying quantities of adipose tissue
4. connect superficial and deep
Terminal Duct Lobular Unit - answerWhat does TDLU stand for?
TDLU - answerThe lobule plus a small portion of the duct hold the milk producing
elements (acinus)
ELTD
(Extralobular Terminal Duct)
*where the stem enters - answerThe final branch of the terminal duct as it enters the
lobule
ILTD
(Intralobular Terminal Duct)
*Spine of the leaf - answerThe portion of the terminal duct within the lobule
ELTD - answer85% Ductal
ILTD - answer10% lobular
, Epithelial cell layer - answerWhere do most breast cancers arise?
Myoepithelial Cell - answerWhat type of cells tells you what it is cancer or not?
Benign - answerIf a myoepithelial cell is present in hyperplastic tissue, is it benign or
cancer?
Cancer - answerIf a myoepithelial cell is absentin hyperplastic tissue, is it benign or
cancer?
Modified Sweat gland. - answerThe mammary gland is a _________________.
1. Little fat
2. Prepubertal
3. Nulliparous
4. Pardiographically dense - answerCharacteristics of a fibroglandular breast.
Annually (and at installation) - answerFrequency of medical physicist tests
18 x 24 cm
24 x 30 cm - answerTwo sizes of IRSD ( Image receptor support devices)
5:1 - answerTypically grid ratio
Height to the width of interspaces (not the grid bars) in the grid - answerDefine grid ratio
1. Reduces Scatter
2. Increase contrast, short scale - answerHow does compression affect the image?
2-3x - answerHow much does a grid increase dose?
1. 2%
2. Chestwall - answerCollimation:
The usefull x-ray beam must extend to or beyond the edges of the image receptor but
by more than ___% of the SID at the _____________
close collimation allowed distracting light to shine through unexposed part of film,
making interpretation difficult. - answerWhy should we not collimate on standard views?
160 lux (field light) - answerBeam limitation provides an average illumination of
_______?
25-45 POUNDS - answerAccording to MQSA, what is the average compression range?
1. less geometric unsharpness
