BIOL 252: Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab
Module 2 Exam – Cardiovascular & Respiratory
Systems |pdf
Diagram 1: Alveoli and Respiratory System
Question 1
Gas exchange occurs in which structure of the respiratory system?
Alveoli
Rationale: Their thin walls and capillary networks allow efficient diffusion
of O₂ and CO₂.
Question 2
, Which muscle is primarily responsible for inspiration? Diaphragm
Rationale: Its contraction increases thoracic volume, reducing
intrapulmonary pressure.
Question 3
The partial pressure gradient of oxygen drives diffusion from:
Alveoli → Pulmonary capillaries
Rationale: Oxygen moves from higher to lower partial pressure areas.
Question 4
Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during
swallowing?
Epiglottis
Rationale: It closes the laryngeal opening when swallowing.
Question 5
Tidal volume
Rationale: Typically ~500 mL in adults under resting conditions.
Question 6
Where is the respiratory control center located? Answer: Medulla
oblongata
Rationale: Regulates breathing rhythm based on CO₂ and O₂ levels.
Question 7
Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to
the lungs? Answer: Pulmonary artery
Rationale: Only artery that carries deoxygenated blood.
Module 2 Exam – Cardiovascular & Respiratory
Systems |pdf
Diagram 1: Alveoli and Respiratory System
Question 1
Gas exchange occurs in which structure of the respiratory system?
Alveoli
Rationale: Their thin walls and capillary networks allow efficient diffusion
of O₂ and CO₂.
Question 2
, Which muscle is primarily responsible for inspiration? Diaphragm
Rationale: Its contraction increases thoracic volume, reducing
intrapulmonary pressure.
Question 3
The partial pressure gradient of oxygen drives diffusion from:
Alveoli → Pulmonary capillaries
Rationale: Oxygen moves from higher to lower partial pressure areas.
Question 4
Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during
swallowing?
Epiglottis
Rationale: It closes the laryngeal opening when swallowing.
Question 5
Tidal volume
Rationale: Typically ~500 mL in adults under resting conditions.
Question 6
Where is the respiratory control center located? Answer: Medulla
oblongata
Rationale: Regulates breathing rhythm based on CO₂ and O₂ levels.
Question 7
Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to
the lungs? Answer: Pulmonary artery
Rationale: Only artery that carries deoxygenated blood.
