BIO 370 Exam 3 Question and answers
correctly solved 2025/2026
systemics - correct answer ✔naming and classifying species
taxonomy - correct answer ✔naming things
phylogenetics - correct answer ✔study of evolutionary relationships among organisms
phenetic - correct answer ✔grouping like with like
sister species - correct answer ✔species derived from the same most recent common ancestor
monophyly - correct answer ✔descendants from a single common ancestor
paraphyly - correct answer ✔group that includes SOME but NOT ALL descendants of a most recent
common ancestor
polyphyly - correct answer ✔group that does NOT share a most recent common ancestor
plesiomorphy - correct answer ✔ancestral homology
symplesiomorphy - correct answer ✔SHARED ancestral homology; uninformative shared traits
apomorphy - correct answer ✔derived homology
, autapomorhy - correct answer ✔derived in SINGLE lineage
synapomorphy - correct answer ✔derives in SERIES of lineages; shared derived traits that are
informative
cladistics - correct answer ✔organisms grouped together based on if they have one or more shared
unique characteristics from group's last common ancestor
hemagglutinin - correct answer ✔responsible for binding to host cells- predominant coat protein
antegenic sites - correct answer ✔specific parts of the protein that is recognized and remembered by
the immune system
directed evolution - correct answer ✔using evolutionary processes to engineer new molecules,
proteins, or organisms for a particular use
irrational design - correct answer ✔approach that relies on selection to achieve outcome
rational design - correct answer ✔engineering a new function based on knowledge of how the
molecule works
neutral theory - correct answer ✔vast majority of mutations are neutral with respect to fitness; genetic
drift dominates evolution at level of DNA sequence
genetic distance - correct answer ✔measure of genetic divergence b/w species or b/w populations
within a species - indicates they are closely related and share a common ancestor
coding sequences - correct answer ✔encode protein sequences; tRNA, rRNA and proteins
correctly solved 2025/2026
systemics - correct answer ✔naming and classifying species
taxonomy - correct answer ✔naming things
phylogenetics - correct answer ✔study of evolutionary relationships among organisms
phenetic - correct answer ✔grouping like with like
sister species - correct answer ✔species derived from the same most recent common ancestor
monophyly - correct answer ✔descendants from a single common ancestor
paraphyly - correct answer ✔group that includes SOME but NOT ALL descendants of a most recent
common ancestor
polyphyly - correct answer ✔group that does NOT share a most recent common ancestor
plesiomorphy - correct answer ✔ancestral homology
symplesiomorphy - correct answer ✔SHARED ancestral homology; uninformative shared traits
apomorphy - correct answer ✔derived homology
, autapomorhy - correct answer ✔derived in SINGLE lineage
synapomorphy - correct answer ✔derives in SERIES of lineages; shared derived traits that are
informative
cladistics - correct answer ✔organisms grouped together based on if they have one or more shared
unique characteristics from group's last common ancestor
hemagglutinin - correct answer ✔responsible for binding to host cells- predominant coat protein
antegenic sites - correct answer ✔specific parts of the protein that is recognized and remembered by
the immune system
directed evolution - correct answer ✔using evolutionary processes to engineer new molecules,
proteins, or organisms for a particular use
irrational design - correct answer ✔approach that relies on selection to achieve outcome
rational design - correct answer ✔engineering a new function based on knowledge of how the
molecule works
neutral theory - correct answer ✔vast majority of mutations are neutral with respect to fitness; genetic
drift dominates evolution at level of DNA sequence
genetic distance - correct answer ✔measure of genetic divergence b/w species or b/w populations
within a species - indicates they are closely related and share a common ancestor
coding sequences - correct answer ✔encode protein sequences; tRNA, rRNA and proteins
