Bio 370 Exam 2 Question and answers
verified to pass 2025/2026
What does cyclic asexuality suggest? - correct answer ✔That asexuality can be advantageous during
specific times.
The majority of organisms are sexual. (T/F) - correct answer ✔True
Describe asexual lineages in taxonomy distributions. - correct answer ✔They tend to be short lived, and
show up sporadically.
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction? - correct answer ✔Exchange of genetic material, and
recombination.
Outbreeding - correct answer ✔Mating of organisms that are not closely related; this is a major
mechanism of maintaining variation within a species
Inbreeding - correct answer ✔Continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics.
Cost of meiosis - correct answer ✔50% chance of elimination regarding co-adapted genes. Asexual
females could be 2x more reproductive if they did not have to use resources on males.
Cost of sexual reproduction for females - correct answer ✔mixing own unmutated genes with possibly
mutated male genes.
Muller's Ratchet - correct answer ✔Number of deleterious mutations increase every generation in
asexual population. Recombination can also randomly generate least mutated genotypes.
, Oogenesis - correct answer ✔Egg production.
Polar bodies - correct answer ✔the 3 smaller cells produced in oogenesis that will degenerate. Leads to
loss of those alleles.
Anisogamy - correct answer ✔Refers to a difference in gamete size in males and females. Eggs large
and costly, sperm small and cheap.
What limits fitness for males? - correct answer ✔It is limited by access to mates because males invest
less per offspring.
What limits fitness for females? - correct answer ✔Resources, since they invest more in offspring.
Intra-sexual selection - correct answer ✔Competition within one sex for mates of the opposite sex.
Female choice - correct answer ✔Intersexual selection.
females actively select desired male.
Environmental unpredictability hypothesis - correct answer ✔Unpredictable environments will support
sexual reproduction because of genetic variation.
apomixis - correct answer ✔any of several kinds of reproduction without fertilization.
Maynard Smith model - correct answer ✔Asexual females cloning themselves to create more asexual
females will reproduce twice as fast as their sexual counterpart. Thus, they do not experience cost of
producing males.
Isogamy - correct answer ✔gametes are physically indistinguishable.
verified to pass 2025/2026
What does cyclic asexuality suggest? - correct answer ✔That asexuality can be advantageous during
specific times.
The majority of organisms are sexual. (T/F) - correct answer ✔True
Describe asexual lineages in taxonomy distributions. - correct answer ✔They tend to be short lived, and
show up sporadically.
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction? - correct answer ✔Exchange of genetic material, and
recombination.
Outbreeding - correct answer ✔Mating of organisms that are not closely related; this is a major
mechanism of maintaining variation within a species
Inbreeding - correct answer ✔Continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics.
Cost of meiosis - correct answer ✔50% chance of elimination regarding co-adapted genes. Asexual
females could be 2x more reproductive if they did not have to use resources on males.
Cost of sexual reproduction for females - correct answer ✔mixing own unmutated genes with possibly
mutated male genes.
Muller's Ratchet - correct answer ✔Number of deleterious mutations increase every generation in
asexual population. Recombination can also randomly generate least mutated genotypes.
, Oogenesis - correct answer ✔Egg production.
Polar bodies - correct answer ✔the 3 smaller cells produced in oogenesis that will degenerate. Leads to
loss of those alleles.
Anisogamy - correct answer ✔Refers to a difference in gamete size in males and females. Eggs large
and costly, sperm small and cheap.
What limits fitness for males? - correct answer ✔It is limited by access to mates because males invest
less per offspring.
What limits fitness for females? - correct answer ✔Resources, since they invest more in offspring.
Intra-sexual selection - correct answer ✔Competition within one sex for mates of the opposite sex.
Female choice - correct answer ✔Intersexual selection.
females actively select desired male.
Environmental unpredictability hypothesis - correct answer ✔Unpredictable environments will support
sexual reproduction because of genetic variation.
apomixis - correct answer ✔any of several kinds of reproduction without fertilization.
Maynard Smith model - correct answer ✔Asexual females cloning themselves to create more asexual
females will reproduce twice as fast as their sexual counterpart. Thus, they do not experience cost of
producing males.
Isogamy - correct answer ✔gametes are physically indistinguishable.
