NUR 651 Exam 3 Questions
and Answers Latest Versions
2025 Graded A+.
Pharmacoeconomics is: 1. The study of the part of the U.S. economy
devoted to drug use 2.The study of the impact of prescription drug
costs on the overall economy 3. The analysis of the costs and
consequences of any health-care-related treatment or service 4. The
analysis of the clinical efficacy of the drug
The analysis of the costs and consequences of any health-care-related
treatment or service
The direct costs of drug therapy include: 1. The actual cost of
acquiring the medication 2. The loss of income due to illness 3.Pain
and suffering due to inadequate drug therapy 4. The cost of a funeral
associated with premature death
Pain and suffering due to inadequate drug therapy
Indirect costs associated with drug therapy include: 1.The cost of
diagnostic tests to monitor therapeutic levels 2. Health-care provider
time to prescribe and educate the patient 3.Child-care expenses
incurred while receiving therapy 4. Loss of wages while undergoing
drug therapy
Loss of wages while undergoing drug therapy
The intangible costs of drug therapy include: 1. Loss of wages while
undergoing therapy 2.Inconvenience, pain, and suffering incurred
with therapy 3.Cost of medical equipment in the laboratory used to
monitor therapeutic drug levels 4. Cost of prescription drug coverage,
such as Medicare Part D
Inconvenience, pain, and suffering incurred with therapy
When a pharmacoeconomic analysis looks at two or more treatment
alternatives that are considered equal in efficacy and compares the
costs of each it is referred to as: 1. Cost-minimization analysis 2.
,Cost-of-illness analysis 3.Cost-effectiveness analysis 4. Cost-benefit
analysis
Cost-minimization analysis
Cost-effectiveness analysis compares two or more treatments or
programs that are: 1.Not necessarily therapeutically equivalent 2.
Considered equal in efficacy 3.Compared with the dollar value of the
benefit received 4. Expressed in terms of patient preference or
quality-adjusted life years
Not necessarily therapeutically equivalent
When the costs of a specific treatment or intervention are calculated
and then compared with the dollar value of the benefit received it is
referred to as: 1.Cost-minimization analysis 2.Cost-of-illness analysis
3. Cost-effectiveness analysis 4.Cost-benefit analysis
Cost-benefit analysis
Mary has a two-tiered prescription benefit plan, which means: 1. She
can receive differing levels of care based on whether she chooses an
"in-plan" provider or not. 2. She is eligible for the new Medicare Part D
"donuthole"reduction of costs program. 3. She pays a higher copay
for brand-name drugs than for generic drugs. 4. She must always
choose to be treated with generic drugs first.
She pays a higher copay for brand-name drugs than for generic drugs
Prescribing less-expensive generic drugs or drugs off the $4 retail
pharmacy lists: 1. Increases the complexity of the
pharmacoeconomics of prescribing for the individual patient 2.
Increases compliance by reducing the financial burden of drug costs
to the patient 3. Is not sound prescribing practice due to the inferiority
of the generic products 4. Will increase the overall cost of drugs to
the system due to the ease of overprescribing less-expensive drugs
Increases compliance by reducing the financial burden of drug costs to the
patient
James tells you that he is confused by his Medicare Part D coverage
plan. An appropriate intervention would be: 1.Order cognitive testing
to determine the source of his confusion. 2.Sit down with him and
explain the whole Medicare Part D process. 3.Refer him to the
Medicare specialist in his insurance plan to explain the benefit to him.
,4. Request his son come to the next appointment so you can explain
the benefit to him.
Refer him to the Medicare specialist in his insurance plan to explain the
benefit to him
The "donuthole"in Medicare Part D: 1. Will be totally eliminated with
the federal health-care reform enacted in 2010 2. Refers to the period
of time when annual individual drug costs are between $250 and
$2,250 per year and drug costs are covered 75% 3.Refers to the period
between when the annual individual drug costs are $2,970 and $4,750
and the patient pays 52.5% of the costs of brand name drugs (2013) 4.
Has no effect on whether patients continue to fill their prescriptions
during the coverage gap
Refers to the period between when the annual individual drug costs are
$2,970 and $4,750 and the patient pays 52.5% of the costs of brand name
drugs (2013)
Research has shown that when patients who are covered by Medicare
Part D reach the "donuthole" in coverage they: 1. Ask for extra refills
of medication to get them through the months of no coverage 2.Fill
their prescriptions less frequently, including critical medications such
as warfarin or a statin 3.Fill their critical medications, but hold off on
filling less-critical medications 4. Demonstrate no change in their
prescription filling pattern
Fill their prescriptions less frequently, including critical medications such as
warfarin or a statin
Before prescribing phentermine to Sarah, a thorough drug history
should be taken including assessing for the use of serotonergic
agents such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and St
John's wort dueto: 1.Additive respiratory depression risk 2. Additive
effects affecting liver function 3.The risk of serotonin syndrome 4.
The risk of altered cognitive functioning
The risk of serotonin syndrome
Sook has been prescribed gabapentin to treat neuropathic pain and is
complaining of feeling depressed and having "strange" thoughts.
Theappropriate initial action would be: 1. Increase her dose 2. Assess
for suicidal ideation 3.Discontinue the medication immediately 4.
Decrease her dose to half then slowly titrate up the dose
, Assess for suicidal ideation
The tricyclic antidepressants should be prescribed cautiously in
patients with: 1.Eczema 2.Asthma 3.Diabetes 4.Heart disease
.Heart disease
A 66-year-old male was prescribed phenelzine (Nardil) while in an
acute psychiatric unit for recalcitrant depression. The NP managing
his primary health care needs to understand the following regarding
phenelzine and other monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): 1.He
should not be prescribed any serotonergic drug such as sumatriptan
(Imitrex) 2. MAOIs interact with many common foods, including
yogurt, sour cream, and soy sauce 3.Symptoms of hypertensive crisis
(headache, tachycardia, sweating) require immediate treatment 4. All
of the above
All of the above
Taylor is a 10-year-old child diagnosed with major depression. The
appropriate first-line antidepressant for children is: 1.Fluoxetine
2.Fluvoxamine 3. Sertraline 4.Escitalopram
Fluoxetine
Suzanne is started on paroxetine (Paxil), a selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), for depression. Education regarding her
antidepressant includes: 1. SSRIs may take 2 to 6 weeks before she
will have maximum drug effects. 2. Red-green color blindness may
occur and should be reported.3. If she experiences dry mouth or heart
rates greater than 80, she should stop taking the drug immediately.
4.She should eat lots of food high in fiber to prevent constipation
SSRIs may take 2 to 6 weeks before she will have maximum drug effects.
Cecilia presents with depression associated with complaints of
fatigue, sleeping all the time, and lack of motivation. An appropriate
initial antidepressant for her would be: 1. Fluoxetine (Prozac) 2.
Paroxetine (Paxil) 3.Amitriptyline (Elavil) 4. Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Jake, a 45-year-old patient with schizophrenia, was recently
hospitalized for acute psychosis due to medication noncompliance.
He was treated with IM long-acting haloperidol. Besides monitoring
his schizophrenia symptoms, the patient should be assessed by his
primary care provider: 1.For excessive weight loss 2.With the
and Answers Latest Versions
2025 Graded A+.
Pharmacoeconomics is: 1. The study of the part of the U.S. economy
devoted to drug use 2.The study of the impact of prescription drug
costs on the overall economy 3. The analysis of the costs and
consequences of any health-care-related treatment or service 4. The
analysis of the clinical efficacy of the drug
The analysis of the costs and consequences of any health-care-related
treatment or service
The direct costs of drug therapy include: 1. The actual cost of
acquiring the medication 2. The loss of income due to illness 3.Pain
and suffering due to inadequate drug therapy 4. The cost of a funeral
associated with premature death
Pain and suffering due to inadequate drug therapy
Indirect costs associated with drug therapy include: 1.The cost of
diagnostic tests to monitor therapeutic levels 2. Health-care provider
time to prescribe and educate the patient 3.Child-care expenses
incurred while receiving therapy 4. Loss of wages while undergoing
drug therapy
Loss of wages while undergoing drug therapy
The intangible costs of drug therapy include: 1. Loss of wages while
undergoing therapy 2.Inconvenience, pain, and suffering incurred
with therapy 3.Cost of medical equipment in the laboratory used to
monitor therapeutic drug levels 4. Cost of prescription drug coverage,
such as Medicare Part D
Inconvenience, pain, and suffering incurred with therapy
When a pharmacoeconomic analysis looks at two or more treatment
alternatives that are considered equal in efficacy and compares the
costs of each it is referred to as: 1. Cost-minimization analysis 2.
,Cost-of-illness analysis 3.Cost-effectiveness analysis 4. Cost-benefit
analysis
Cost-minimization analysis
Cost-effectiveness analysis compares two or more treatments or
programs that are: 1.Not necessarily therapeutically equivalent 2.
Considered equal in efficacy 3.Compared with the dollar value of the
benefit received 4. Expressed in terms of patient preference or
quality-adjusted life years
Not necessarily therapeutically equivalent
When the costs of a specific treatment or intervention are calculated
and then compared with the dollar value of the benefit received it is
referred to as: 1.Cost-minimization analysis 2.Cost-of-illness analysis
3. Cost-effectiveness analysis 4.Cost-benefit analysis
Cost-benefit analysis
Mary has a two-tiered prescription benefit plan, which means: 1. She
can receive differing levels of care based on whether she chooses an
"in-plan" provider or not. 2. She is eligible for the new Medicare Part D
"donuthole"reduction of costs program. 3. She pays a higher copay
for brand-name drugs than for generic drugs. 4. She must always
choose to be treated with generic drugs first.
She pays a higher copay for brand-name drugs than for generic drugs
Prescribing less-expensive generic drugs or drugs off the $4 retail
pharmacy lists: 1. Increases the complexity of the
pharmacoeconomics of prescribing for the individual patient 2.
Increases compliance by reducing the financial burden of drug costs
to the patient 3. Is not sound prescribing practice due to the inferiority
of the generic products 4. Will increase the overall cost of drugs to
the system due to the ease of overprescribing less-expensive drugs
Increases compliance by reducing the financial burden of drug costs to the
patient
James tells you that he is confused by his Medicare Part D coverage
plan. An appropriate intervention would be: 1.Order cognitive testing
to determine the source of his confusion. 2.Sit down with him and
explain the whole Medicare Part D process. 3.Refer him to the
Medicare specialist in his insurance plan to explain the benefit to him.
,4. Request his son come to the next appointment so you can explain
the benefit to him.
Refer him to the Medicare specialist in his insurance plan to explain the
benefit to him
The "donuthole"in Medicare Part D: 1. Will be totally eliminated with
the federal health-care reform enacted in 2010 2. Refers to the period
of time when annual individual drug costs are between $250 and
$2,250 per year and drug costs are covered 75% 3.Refers to the period
between when the annual individual drug costs are $2,970 and $4,750
and the patient pays 52.5% of the costs of brand name drugs (2013) 4.
Has no effect on whether patients continue to fill their prescriptions
during the coverage gap
Refers to the period between when the annual individual drug costs are
$2,970 and $4,750 and the patient pays 52.5% of the costs of brand name
drugs (2013)
Research has shown that when patients who are covered by Medicare
Part D reach the "donuthole" in coverage they: 1. Ask for extra refills
of medication to get them through the months of no coverage 2.Fill
their prescriptions less frequently, including critical medications such
as warfarin or a statin 3.Fill their critical medications, but hold off on
filling less-critical medications 4. Demonstrate no change in their
prescription filling pattern
Fill their prescriptions less frequently, including critical medications such as
warfarin or a statin
Before prescribing phentermine to Sarah, a thorough drug history
should be taken including assessing for the use of serotonergic
agents such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and St
John's wort dueto: 1.Additive respiratory depression risk 2. Additive
effects affecting liver function 3.The risk of serotonin syndrome 4.
The risk of altered cognitive functioning
The risk of serotonin syndrome
Sook has been prescribed gabapentin to treat neuropathic pain and is
complaining of feeling depressed and having "strange" thoughts.
Theappropriate initial action would be: 1. Increase her dose 2. Assess
for suicidal ideation 3.Discontinue the medication immediately 4.
Decrease her dose to half then slowly titrate up the dose
, Assess for suicidal ideation
The tricyclic antidepressants should be prescribed cautiously in
patients with: 1.Eczema 2.Asthma 3.Diabetes 4.Heart disease
.Heart disease
A 66-year-old male was prescribed phenelzine (Nardil) while in an
acute psychiatric unit for recalcitrant depression. The NP managing
his primary health care needs to understand the following regarding
phenelzine and other monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): 1.He
should not be prescribed any serotonergic drug such as sumatriptan
(Imitrex) 2. MAOIs interact with many common foods, including
yogurt, sour cream, and soy sauce 3.Symptoms of hypertensive crisis
(headache, tachycardia, sweating) require immediate treatment 4. All
of the above
All of the above
Taylor is a 10-year-old child diagnosed with major depression. The
appropriate first-line antidepressant for children is: 1.Fluoxetine
2.Fluvoxamine 3. Sertraline 4.Escitalopram
Fluoxetine
Suzanne is started on paroxetine (Paxil), a selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), for depression. Education regarding her
antidepressant includes: 1. SSRIs may take 2 to 6 weeks before she
will have maximum drug effects. 2. Red-green color blindness may
occur and should be reported.3. If she experiences dry mouth or heart
rates greater than 80, she should stop taking the drug immediately.
4.She should eat lots of food high in fiber to prevent constipation
SSRIs may take 2 to 6 weeks before she will have maximum drug effects.
Cecilia presents with depression associated with complaints of
fatigue, sleeping all the time, and lack of motivation. An appropriate
initial antidepressant for her would be: 1. Fluoxetine (Prozac) 2.
Paroxetine (Paxil) 3.Amitriptyline (Elavil) 4. Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Jake, a 45-year-old patient with schizophrenia, was recently
hospitalized for acute psychosis due to medication noncompliance.
He was treated with IM long-acting haloperidol. Besides monitoring
his schizophrenia symptoms, the patient should be assessed by his
primary care provider: 1.For excessive weight loss 2.With the
